Maths: Geometry and Percentage Quiz

Maths: A Comprehensive Guide to Geometry and Percentage

Maths, or mathematics, is a branch of science that deals with the study of numbers, quantity, structure, space, and change. It has various sub-disciplines, two of which are geometry and percentage.

Geometry

Geometry is a subfield of mathematics that focuses on shapes, sizes, and positions of objects in space. The word "geometry" comes from two Greek words: "geometria," which means "earth measure," and "geometry," which means "earth measurement". Geometry is divided into two main branches: Euclidean geometry and non-Euclidean geometry.

• Euclidean geometry is the standard, traditional geometry that we learn in school. It is based on the axioms of Euclid and is used to describe the properties and relationships of points, lines, and figures in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional space.

• Non-Euclidean geometry is a branch of geometry that does not meet the parallel postulate, which is the fifth axiom of Euclidean geometry. There are two main types of non-Euclidean geometries: elliptic geometry and hyperbolic geometry.

Geometrical terms include points, lines, surfaces, congruence, similarity, and symmetry. They can be used to describe the properties and measurements of objects, such as the length of a line, the area of a surface, and the volume of a three-dimensional object.

Percentage

Percentage, or percent, is a unit of measurement that represents a value relative to 100. In mathematics, we use the percent sign (%). The word "percent" comes from the Latin "per centum," which means "by the hundred". Percentage is used in various situations, such as calculating the total cost of an item after a discount, determining the amount of tax owed on a purchase, and comparing the results of different tests.

To convert a fraction or decimal to a percent, we multiply the fraction or decimal by 100 and then add the percent symbol. For example, 0.5 can be converted to 50% by multiplying it by 100 and adding the percent symbol.

Percentages are useful in everyday life because they help us compare values and understand the relationships between different quantities. For example, if a store has a sale where everything is 25% off, we can use percentages to calculate the new price of an item and determine how much money we will save.

In conclusion, geometry and percentage are two important subtopics within the field of mathematics. Geometry deals with shapes, sizes, and positions of objects in space, while percentage is a unit of measurement that represents a value relative to 100. Both topics are essential for understanding various mathematical concepts and solving problems in everyday life.