Math 302 Pre-Algebra Chapter 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are whole numbers?

Negative numbers

Any positive number

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11... (correct)

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11...

Define natural numbers.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11...

What is place value?

Position of each digit in a number (ones, tens, hundreds, thousands...)

Explain standard form.

A whole number written with numbers (e.g., 1,245,659) Signup and view all the answers

What is a period in mathematics?

Each group of three digits (e.g., ones, tens, hundreds) Signup and view all the answers

Define expanded form.

The number shows each digit of the number with its place value. Signup and view all the answers

What is a table in mathematics?

A tool that organizes and displays facts that contain numbers. Signup and view all the answers

What is an addend?

Each number used to add together. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Addition Property of 0 state?

The sum of 0 and any number is that same number. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the Commutative Property of Addition.

Adding any two whole numbers in any order gives the same sum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Associative Property of Addition?

Grouping of the numbers can be changed without changing the sum. Signup and view all the answers

Define minuend.

The first number used in a subtraction problem. Signup and view all the answers

What is a subtrahend?

The number being subtracted. Signup and view all the answers

Give the definition of the difference.

The sum of a subtraction problem. Signup and view all the answers

What do the Subtraction Properties of 0 state?

The difference of any number and that same number is 0. Signup and view all the answers

What is a polygon?

A flat figure formed by line segments connected at their ends. Signup and view all the answers

Define perimeter.

The distance around the shape or the sum of the lengths of its sides. Signup and view all the answers

What is rounding?

Approximating a whole number. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term graph.

To darken the location of a number on a number line. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term exact refer to in mathematics?

Total of a number of products. Signup and view all the answers

What is repeated addition?

When each addend is the same, such as $6+6+6+6=24$. Signup and view all the answers

What are factors?

The numbers being multiplied together in a multiplication problem. Signup and view all the answers

Define product.

The sum of the two factors multiplied together. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Multiplication Property of 0 state?

When any number multiplied by 0, the result is always 0. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Multiplication Property of 1 state?

When any number is multiplied by 1, the result is always that number. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the Commutative Property of Multiplication.

When two numbers are multiplied, the order can be changed without affecting the product. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Associative Property of Multiplication?

Changing the grouping of factors does not change their product. Signup and view all the answers

Define the Distributive Property.

That multiplication distributes over addition. Signup and view all the answers

What are partial products?

The numbers after each multiplication that added together make the product. Signup and view all the answers

What is division?

The process of separating a quantity into equal parts. Signup and view all the answers

What do the Division Properties of 1 state?

The quotient of any number (except 0) and that same number is 1. Signup and view all the answers

Define quotient.

When dividing a number into another number, the result is the quotient. Signup and view all the answers

What is a divisor?

The number that is used to divide by. Signup and view all the answers

Define dividend.

The number being divided. Signup and view all the answers

What do the Division Properties of 0 state?

The quotient of 0 and any number (except 0) is 0. Signup and view all the answers

What does undefined mean in mathematics?

The quotient of any number and 0 is not a number, it is undefined. Signup and view all the answers

What is long division?

The process in which the quotient is found when dividends are larger. Signup and view all the answers

Define average.

The sum of a list of numbers divided by the number of numbers. Signup and view all the answers

What is an exponent?

The number of times a number is multiplied by itself. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Order of Operations?

P.E.M.D.A.S. - (Parentheses, Evaluate Expressions, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction) Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the area of a square or rectangle.

length x width Signup and view all the answers

Define base in terms of exponents.

Any number that is before an exponent, that is multiplied by itself. Signup and view all the answers

What is a variable?

A letter used to represent a number fitting a pattern. Signup and view all the answers

Define expression or algebraic expression.

A combination of operations on letters (variables) and numbers. Signup and view all the answers

What does evaluating the expression mean?

Replacing the variable in an expression by a number and finding the value of the expression. Signup and view all the answers

What is an equation?

A written statement in the form of an 'expression=expression'. Signup and view all the answers

Define solution in the context of equations.

A value for the variable that makes the equation a true statement. Signup and view all the answers

What is a set in mathematics?

A collection of numbers (or objects) enclosed by braces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Number Systems

Whole numbers include 0 and all positive integers (0, 1, 2, 3...).
Natural numbers consist of positive integers starting from 1 (1, 2, 3...).

Number Representation

Place value indicates the position of each digit in a number (e.g., ones, tens, hundreds).
Standard form is the representation of whole numbers using digits (e.g., 1,245,659).
Expanded form expresses each digit according to its place value (e.g., 5,762 = 5 thousands + 7 hundreds + 6 tens + 2 ones).

Addition and Subtraction

An addend is any number involved in an addition operation.
The Addition Property of Zero states that any number added to zero equals the number itself.
The Commutative Property of Addition allows the addition of numbers in any order without affecting the sum.
The Associative Property of Addition permits changing the grouping of numbers being added.
Minuend refers to the first number in a subtraction problem, while Subtrahend is the number being subtracted.
The Difference is the result of a subtraction operation, and the Subtraction Properties of Zero assert that any number minus itself equals zero.

Geometry

A polygon is defined as a flat figure formed by straight line segments that connect at their ends.
Perimeter is the total distance around a polygon, calculated by summing the lengths of its sides.

Mathematical Operations

Rounding involves approximating a whole number.
Exact refers to the total of a set of products.
Repeated addition is a method of addition where the same number is added multiple times (e.g., 6 + 6 + 6 + 6).

Multiplication

Factors are the numbers being multiplied together in a multiplication problem.
Product is the result obtained from multiplying factors.
The Multiplication Property of Zero states that multiplying any number by zero yields zero.
The Multiplication Property of One asserts that any number multiplied by one remains unchanged.
The Commutative Property of Multiplication allows for changing the order of factors without affecting the product.
The Associative Property of Multiplication states that regrouping factors does not alter the product.
The Distributive Property shows that multiplication is applied over addition.

Division

Division is the process of splitting a quantity into equal parts.
The Dividend is the number being divided, while the Divisor is the number used for division.
The Quotient is the result of a division operation.
Division Properties of One state that any number divided by itself equals one.
Division Properties of Zero declare that zero divided by any number (except zero) equals zero.
The result of any number divided by zero is classified as undefined.
Long division is a method used when dividends are larger than divisors.

Statistics

Average is calculated as the sum of a list of numbers divided by the total count of those numbers.

Exponents and Algebra

An exponent indicates how many times a number (base) is multiplied by itself.
Order of Operations is crucial in evaluating expressions, represented by P.E.M.D.A.S. (Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction).
Base refers to the number that is raised to a power in exponential notation.
A variable represents a number in an algebraic expression, fitting a given pattern.
An expression is a combination of numbers and operations, while an equation equates two expressions.
Evaluating an expression involves substituting the variable with a number and solving for its value.
The solution is the value of the variable that satisfies the equation's truth.

Set Theory

A set is a collection of distinct numbers or objects, denoted by braces {}.

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Description

Test your knowledge of basic number concepts with these flashcards from Math 302 by Elayn Martin-Gay, Chapter 1. Learn about whole numbers, natural numbers, place value, and standard form. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their foundational math skills.