Maternal Health II (Gynecology) - Menopause Overview

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What is the definition of menopause?

Cessation of menstruation at the permanent end of reproductive life due to loss of ovarian follicular activity

What is considered premature menopause?

Menopause occurring before the age of 40 years

What is the broad definition of pre-menopause?

The time prior to menopause

What is postmenopause defined as?

The time after experiencing 12 consecutive months without a period

What is the average age of menopause?

51 years

What is the phase of menopause characterized by physiological changes associated with the end of reproductive capacity?

Peri-menopause

Which of the following is not a factor affecting early menopause?

Obesity

What are the universal/primary signs of menopause?

Vaginal dryness, irregular vaginal bleeding, and cessation of menses

Which symptom is a non-universal/secondary menopausal symptom?

Insomnia

What are the consequences of estrogen loss (early)?

Vaginal atrophy, skin atrophy, and stress incontinence

Which is NOT a cause of menopause?

Testosterone replacement therapy

What are the complications of menopause?

Cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and sexual dysfunction

What is recommended for the prevention of osteoporosis?

Change lifestyle risk factors

What is the management approach for menopause?

Psychological support and hormone replacement therapy

Learn about menopause, the cessation of menstruation marking the end of reproductive life, and its gradual process. Understand the average age of menopause and its potential early occurrence.

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