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Questions and Answers
What is the normal value for alpha-fetoprotein screening in maternal serum?
What is the normal value for alpha-fetoprotein screening in maternal serum?
- 20 mg/dL
- 10 mg/dL (correct)
- 5 mg/dL
- 15 mg/dL
When is chorionic villus sampling usually done?
When is chorionic villus sampling usually done?
- After 20 weeks gestation
- Before 12 weeks gestation
- Between 16 and 18 weeks gestation (correct)
- During the first trimester
Which type of chorionic villus sampling involves inserting a needle through the abdomen into the placenta?
Which type of chorionic villus sampling involves inserting a needle through the abdomen into the placenta?
- Transplacental
- Transcervical
- Transabdominal (correct)
- Transvaginal
At what gestational age is amniocentesis typically performed?
At what gestational age is amniocentesis typically performed?
What should a patient do after undergoing an amniocentesis procedure?
What should a patient do after undergoing an amniocentesis procedure?
For what reason should a physician be called immediately after amniocentesis?
For what reason should a physician be called immediately after amniocentesis?
What is the best test for detecting ectopic pregnancy?
What is the best test for detecting ectopic pregnancy?
What should a mother do yearly after undergoing dilation and curettage?
What should a mother do yearly after undergoing dilation and curettage?
What type of test uses sound and returning echo patterns to identify intrabody structures?
What type of test uses sound and returning echo patterns to identify intrabody structures?
How often are vital signs assessed during an amniocentesis procedure?
How often are vital signs assessed during an amniocentesis procedure?
Study Notes
Chorionic Villi Sampling (CVS)
- A prenatal diagnostic test to detect chromosomal problems and genetic diseases
- Performed between 8-11 weeks of gestation
- Removal of a small piece of chorionic villi
- Laboratory results obtained in 1-7 days
- Disadvantages: risk of abortion, infection, embryo-fetal-placental damage, spontaneous abortion, premature rupture of membrane
- Nursing responsibilities: refrain from sexual intercourse and physical activity for 48 hours, small amount of spotting is normal for the first 24-48 hours
Amniocentesis
- Uses amniotic fluid to ascertain fetal lung maturity
- Done through amniocentesis between 35-36 weeks
- Normal L/S ratio: 2:1 = normal fetal lung maturity ratio
- Position: supine with a folded towel on the right buttock
- Needles: 20-22 gauge spinal needles
Gestational Diabetes
- Characterized by abnormal glucose tolerance test (GTT) without symptoms
- Fasting glucose is normal and controlled by diet (A1)
- Type A2: abnormal glucose tolerance test and elevated fasting glucose, controlled by insulin
- Risk factors: obesity, age over 25, history of large babies, history of unexplained fetal or perinatal loss, history of congenital anomalies, family history of diabetes
- Symptoms: dizziness, congenital anomalies, macrosomia, poor fetal heart tone variability and tissue perfusion, glycosuria, polyuria, hyperglycemia, confusion
Salpingo-Oophorectomy
- Hysterectomy: surgical removal of the uterus
- Total hysterectomy: removal of uterus and cervix
- Bilateral salpingectomy: surgical removal of both fallopian tubes
- Oophorectomy: surgical removal of ovaries
Alpha-Fetoprotein Screening
- Maternal serum screening for open neural tube defects
- Done between 16-18 weeks gestation
- Normal value: 10 mg/dl
- Low: chromosomal defects
- High: neural tube defects
Ultrasound
- Use of sound and returning echo patterns to identify intrabody structures
- Done 18-40 weeks for fetal abnormalities
- Best test for ectopic pregnancy
- Full bladder required for the procedure
X-Ray
- Done only 2 weeks before EDC (estimated date of confinement)
- Dilation and curettage, vacuum suction
- Increases the risk of type 2 diabetes for the mother later in life
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Description
Test your knowledge on important topics in maternal and child nursing with this quiz. Topics covered include Chorionic Villi Sampling, Amniocentesis, Gestational Diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and more. Get ready for your prelims with this comprehensive quiz!
