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Questions and Answers
What is the normal value for alpha-fetoprotein screening in maternal serum?
When is chorionic villus sampling usually done?
Which type of chorionic villus sampling involves inserting a needle through the abdomen into the placenta?
At what gestational age is amniocentesis typically performed?
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What should a patient do after undergoing an amniocentesis procedure?
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For what reason should a physician be called immediately after amniocentesis?
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What is the best test for detecting ectopic pregnancy?
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What should a mother do yearly after undergoing dilation and curettage?
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What type of test uses sound and returning echo patterns to identify intrabody structures?
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How often are vital signs assessed during an amniocentesis procedure?
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Study Notes
Chorionic Villi Sampling (CVS)
- A prenatal diagnostic test to detect chromosomal problems and genetic diseases
- Performed between 8-11 weeks of gestation
- Removal of a small piece of chorionic villi
- Laboratory results obtained in 1-7 days
- Disadvantages: risk of abortion, infection, embryo-fetal-placental damage, spontaneous abortion, premature rupture of membrane
- Nursing responsibilities: refrain from sexual intercourse and physical activity for 48 hours, small amount of spotting is normal for the first 24-48 hours
Amniocentesis
- Uses amniotic fluid to ascertain fetal lung maturity
- Done through amniocentesis between 35-36 weeks
- Normal L/S ratio: 2:1 = normal fetal lung maturity ratio
- Position: supine with a folded towel on the right buttock
- Needles: 20-22 gauge spinal needles
Gestational Diabetes
- Characterized by abnormal glucose tolerance test (GTT) without symptoms
- Fasting glucose is normal and controlled by diet (A1)
- Type A2: abnormal glucose tolerance test and elevated fasting glucose, controlled by insulin
- Risk factors: obesity, age over 25, history of large babies, history of unexplained fetal or perinatal loss, history of congenital anomalies, family history of diabetes
- Symptoms: dizziness, congenital anomalies, macrosomia, poor fetal heart tone variability and tissue perfusion, glycosuria, polyuria, hyperglycemia, confusion
Salpingo-Oophorectomy
- Hysterectomy: surgical removal of the uterus
- Total hysterectomy: removal of uterus and cervix
- Bilateral salpingectomy: surgical removal of both fallopian tubes
- Oophorectomy: surgical removal of ovaries
Alpha-Fetoprotein Screening
- Maternal serum screening for open neural tube defects
- Done between 16-18 weeks gestation
- Normal value: 10 mg/dl
- Low: chromosomal defects
- High: neural tube defects
Ultrasound
- Use of sound and returning echo patterns to identify intrabody structures
- Done 18-40 weeks for fetal abnormalities
- Best test for ectopic pregnancy
- Full bladder required for the procedure
X-Ray
- Done only 2 weeks before EDC (estimated date of confinement)
- Dilation and curettage, vacuum suction
- Increases the risk of type 2 diabetes for the mother later in life
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Description
Test your knowledge on important topics in maternal and child nursing with this quiz. Topics covered include Chorionic Villi Sampling, Amniocentesis, Gestational Diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and more. Get ready for your prelims with this comprehensive quiz!
