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Questions and Answers
Which rule is NOT part of the Hume-Rothery guidelines for determining solubility in solid solutions?
Which rule is NOT part of the Hume-Rothery guidelines for determining solubility in solid solutions?
- Similar electronegativities
- Presence of a Schottky defect (correct)
- The same crystal structure
- Less than about 15% difference in atomic radii
What happens when one or more of the Hume-Rothery rules are violated?
What happens when one or more of the Hume-Rothery rules are violated?
- The crystal structure becomes unstable
- Partial solubility is possible (correct)
- Solubility is impossible
- Complete solubility is guaranteed
Which type of defect consists of a pair of oppositely charged ion vacancies to maintain local charge neutrality?
Which type of defect consists of a pair of oppositely charged ion vacancies to maintain local charge neutrality?
- Metallic defect
- Interstitial defect
- Schottky defect (correct)
- Frenkel defect
What is a characteristic of the Frenkel defect?
What is a characteristic of the Frenkel defect?
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Which characteristic must solute and solvent atoms share according to the Hume-Rothery rules?
Which characteristic must solute and solvent atoms share according to the Hume-Rothery rules?
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Study Notes
Hume-Rothery Rules
- These rules determine solid solubility of metals
- The rules state that complete solid solubility is possible if the two metals have
- Less than a 15% difference in atomic radii
- The same crystal structure
- Similar electronegativity
- The same valence
- Partial solubility is possible if one or more of the Hume-Rothery rules are violated
- Examples of alloys that follow these rules include brass and bronze
Schottky Defect
- A pair of oppositely charged ion vacancies
- Important as it maintains local charge neutrality within the material's crystal structure
Frenkel Defect
- A vacancy-interstitial combination
- An atom moves from its normal position to an interstitial site, creating a vacancy defect
- Results in no change to the overall charge neutrality of the crystal structure
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