Questions and Answers
What is the ability of a material to deform easily upon the application of a tensile force?
What is the term for materials that are sized between 1 to 100 nanometers?
What is the shape of carbon-based nanomaterials known as fullerenes?
What is the term for carbon-based nanomaterials that are cylindrical in shape?
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What is a closely packed semiconductor crystal comprised of hundreds or thousands of atoms?
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What are nanosized polymers built from branched units?
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What is the ability of a material to deform by compressive forces without developing defects?
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What is the term for materials engineered to such a small scale, often taking on unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and other properties?
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What is the primary source of cellulose pulp used to produce thin materials?
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Which property of a material enables it to return to its original shape after the load is removed?
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What is the opposite of the property of plasticity?
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What is the ability of a material to resist deformation under load?
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What is the combination of strength and plasticity?
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What is the resistance to permanent indentation, scratching, and wear?
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What is the ability of a material to deform permanently without breaking or rupturing?
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What is the property that enables a material to withstand shock and be deformed without rupturing?
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Which of the following is NOT a property of metals?
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What is the primary function of Cerium (IV) oxide nanoparticles in diesel and bio-diesel fuels?
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Which type of alloy is formed when a metal is mixed with another metal?
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What is the primary structural unit of a polymer?
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What is the main purpose of carbon nanotubes when added to polymers?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential application of nanomaterials in textiles?
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What is the main function of bioMEMS devices implanted in the body?
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How are gold nanoparticles used in cancer treatment?
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Study Notes
Material Properties
- Ductility is the ability of a material to stretch when applied with stress, especially under tensile forces.
- Malleability is the property that enables a material to deform by compressive forces without developing defects.
Engineered Nanomaterials
- Are objects sized between 1 to 100 nanometers.
- Can take on unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and other properties.
- Types of nanomaterials include:
- Fullerene (carbon-based, spherical, and ellipsoidal in shape)
- Nanotubes (carbon-based, cylindrical in shape)
- Quantum dots (closely packed semiconductor crystal comprising hundreds or thousands of atoms)
- Dendrimers (nanosized polymers built from branched units)
- Hybrid nanomaterials (combine nanoparticles with other nanoparticles or with larger materials)
Applications of Engineered Nanomaterials
- Catalysis: Cerium (IV) oxide nanoparticles are used to facilitate complete combustion in diesel and bio-diesel fuels.
- Polymers and Glass: Carbon nanotubes are used to strengthen structures, increase electrical conductivity, and enhance heat transfer.
- Textile and Fabric: Nanomaterials can provide anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, deodorizing, thermal-regulating, and static-free properties to fabrics.
- Healthcare: Gold nanoparticles can be used to locate cancer cells and destroy them by irradiating with infrared.
Mechanical Properties of Materials
- Describes the behavior of material in terms of deformation and resistance to deformation under specific mechanical loading conditions.
- Types of mechanical properties:
- Hardness (resistance to permanent indention, scratching, and wear)
- Strength (ability to resist deformation under load)
- Toughness (ability to withstand shock and deformation without rupturing)
- Brittleness (opposite of plasticity, where material breaks or shatters before deforming)
- Elasticity (ability to return to original shape after load is removed)
- Plasticity (ability to deform permanently without breaking or rupturing)
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Description
Understand the difference between ductility and malleability, two important properties of materials. Learn how they respond to stress and deformation.
