Material Science I: Phase Diagrams
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a phase diagram in physical chemistry and materials science?

  • To show the microscopic structure of an alloy
  • To display the conditions at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium (correct)
  • To predict the chemical reactions between two components
  • To illustrate the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties

    • What is the term for the pure metals and/or compounds that make up an alloy?

  • Components (correct)
  • Phases
  • Solutes
  • Microstructures

    • What is a binary alloy composed of?

  • Three or more components
  • Two components (correct)
  • Two or more phases
  • A solute and a solvent

    • What is the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of an alloy?

    <p>There is a correlation between the two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the type of chart used to show the conditions at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium?

    <p>Phase diagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of understanding phase diagrams in materials science?

    <p>To understand the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a phase diagram?

    <p>To understand the phase structure of a particular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many parameters affect the phase structure of a system?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is plotted against each other to construct phase diagrams?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the intersection of the dashed horizontal line at 1 atm pressure with the solid-liquid phase boundary represent?

    <p>Melting point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system is being referred to in the phase diagram for water?

    <p>One-component system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a ternary alloy composed of?

    <p>Three metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to represent the components of an alloy?

    <p>Capital letters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is described by the weight fraction of each phase and the composition of each phase?

    <p>The constitution of an alloy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the weight percentage of a component A?

    <p>WA = (weight of A / total weight) × 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a phase in the context of alloys?

    <p>A homogeneous portion of a system with uniform physical and chemical characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the atom percentage of a component A?

    <p>XA = (number of atoms of A / total number of atoms) × 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum concentration of soluble atoms that can be dissolved in a solution?

    <p>A function of temperature and is called solubility limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the solubility limit when the temperature increases?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solubility limit of sugar in a sugar-water syrup at 20°C?

    <p>65wt% sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the concentration of sugar is greater than 65wt% in a sugar-water syrup at 20°C?

    <p>A mixture of syrup and sugar occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does changing the composition of a solution affect the number of phases present?

    <p>It changes the number of phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solubility limit of sugar in a sugar-water syrup at 99°C?

    <p>80wt% sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature at which the liquid transforms to vapour phase upon heating?

    <p>100°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs at point 2 in the phase diagram during heating?

    <p>Melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the point at which all three phases are simultaneously in equilibrium with one another?

    <p>Triple point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the solid ice when it crosses the curve labelled aO?

    <p>It vaporizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a phase boundary is crossed during heating or cooling?

    <p>One phase transforms to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the curves aO, bO, and cO in the phase diagram?

    <p>They intersect at a common point</p> Signup and view all the answers

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