Matching Yoga, Buddhism, and Festivals
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Questions and Answers

Match the yoga type with its primary focus:

Bhakti Yoga = Devotion to a personal deity Karma Yoga = Good deeds and actions Jnana Yoga = Wisdom and knowledge Raja Yoga = Meditation and contemplation

Match the stage of life with its description:

Student = Discipline mind and body Householder = Marry and provide for family Forest dweller = Retire and transmit household duties Ascetic = Give up worldly life

Match the Hindu caste with its role:

Brahmins = Priestly class and teachers Kshatriyas = Warriors and rulers Vaishyas = Merchants and landowners Shudras = Laborers and service providers

Match the festival with its significance:

<p>Diwali = Honors goddess Lakshmi Holi = Festival of colors and love Navaratri = Celebration of goddess Durga Makar Sankranti = Harvest festival marking the sun's return</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the yoga with its essence:

<p>Bhakti Yoga = Paths of devotion Karma Yoga = Path of action Jnana Yoga = Path of knowledge Raja Yoga = Path of meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the description of the festival with its purpose:

<p>Diwali = Celebrate the triumph of good over evil Eid = End of Ramadan and charity Christmas = Celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ Thanksgiving = Gathering to give thanks for the harvest</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the stage of life with its duties:

<p>Student = Gain knowledge Householder = Care for family Forest dweller = Read and study Ascetic = Meditate and attain salvation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the character of the festival with its deities:

<p>Diwali = Lakshmi and Vishnu Maha Shivaratri = Lord Shiva Dussehra = Lord Rama Makar Sankranti = Sun God</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the yoga style with its teaching method:

<p>Bhakti Yoga = Devotional songs and prayers Karma Yoga = Selfless service Jnana Yoga = Discourse with a Guru Raja Yoga = Structured meditation practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the events in the Buddha's life with their significance:

<p>Renunciation at 29 = Search for the meaning of life Six years in the forest = Learned about asceticism Becoming the Buddha = Communicated the meaning he found Last supper with Cunda = Died after accidental poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the 5 Precepts of Buddhism with their descriptions:

<p>Ahimsa = Abstain from killing or harming living beings Stealing = Abstain from taking what is not given Improper sexual conduct = Abstain from sexual misbehavior False speech = Abstain from lying or deceit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the Four Noble Truths with their explanations:

<p>Suffering = All life consists of suffering (dukkha) Origins of Suffering = Desire (tanha) as the root of suffering Extinction of Suffering = Ending suffering by overcoming desire Path to Liberation = The Eightfold Path leads to the end of suffering</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the concepts of Buddhism with their definitions:

<p>Middle Way = Avoiding extremes of luxury and poverty Raja yoga = Deep meditation technique Asceticism = Giving up worldly pleasures Dukkha = The experience of suffering</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the stages of Buddha's travels with their purposes:

<p>Village to village = Ministering to those in need Summarizing insights = Teaching the Four Noble Truths Communicating his findings = Sharing enlightenment with others Last words = Conveying wisdom before passing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the key teachings of Buddhism with their focuses:

<p>Ahimsa = Non-violence and compassion Desire = The source of suffering Meditation = Practice for deeper understanding Community = Support during the spiritual journey</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match Buddha's actions with their outcomes:

<p>Learning from hermits = Gained knowledge and wisdom Engaging in ascetic practices = Realized extremes are harmful Teaching the Eightfold Path = Guide for overcoming suffering Final meal with Cunda = Met his end with teachings</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the key aspects of the Eightfold Path with their intent:

<p>Right Understanding = Grasping the nature of reality Right Intent = Commitment to ethical conduct Right Speech = Truthful and harmonious communication Right Action = Ethical deeds and moral conduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions or significance:

<p>Basilicas = Large churches for worship Crusade = Motivation for Christian warriors to liberate Jerusalem Filioque Clause = Addition to the Nicene Creed by the Roman Pope Council of Nicaea = Establishment of fundamental beliefs shared by Christians</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the historical events with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Relocation of the capital to Constantinople = Action taken to strengthen the empire Council of Nicaea = Meeting to establish Christian doctrines Crusade intention = To liberate Jerusalem from Muslim control Filioque Clause significance = Implication of the equality of Father and Son in Holy Spirit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following locations with their associated religious groups:

<p>Jerusalem = Site of coexistence for Jews, Muslims, and Christians Constantinople = Capital relocated by an emperor Rome = Location of the Pope's authority Nicaea = Site where fundamental Christian beliefs were established</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following theological concepts with their explanations:

<p>Holy Spirit = Giver of life according to the Nicene Creed Father and Son relationship = Central to the Filioque Clause Muslim control = Power over Jerusalem prior to the Crusades Christian freedom of worship = Allowed visiting holy locations without restriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characters with their notable actions:

<p>The Pope = Added the Filioque Clause to the Nicene Creed The Emperor = Relocated the capital to Constantinople Christian warriors = Motivated to travel to Palestine Council participants = Established core Christian beliefs at Nicaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical contexts to their implications:

<p>The existence of basilicas = Indication of Christian worship practices Crusades = Military campaigns for religious liberation Nicaea meeting = Forming of unified Christian doctrine Coexistence in Jerusalem = Religious tolerance among different faiths</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their implications in Christian theology:

<p>Filioque = Discusses the procession of the Holy Spirit Nicene Creed = Statement of faith for Christians Crusades = Involved Christian engagement in warfare Council of Nicaea = Addressed key theological disputes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical phrases with their connections:

<p>&quot;Going to the Cross&quot; = Meaning of the term crusade &quot;And we believe in the Holy Spirit&quot; = Part of the Nicene Creed implication &quot;Relocated the capital&quot; = Strategic move by an emperor &quot;Diverse city of Jerusalem&quot; = Home to multiple religious groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following items with their descriptions:

<p>Dreidel = A spinning top associated with Hanukkah Latin Cross = Symbol used to recall Jesus' death Janamaz = A prayer mat used by Muslims Swastika = Symbol of good luck in some cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following symbols with their cultural significance:

<p>Bodhi tree = Represents a human being's capacity to attain enlightenment Dreidel = Each of the four has a Hebrew letter acrostic for 'a great miracle happened there' Swastika = Used to signify good fortune Latin Cross = Called a crucifix when depicted with Jesus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their related practices or beliefs:

<p>Janamaz = Designed with a mihrab pointing towards Mecca Dreidel = Played during Hanukkah Bodhi tree = Where Buddha reached enlightenment Swastika = Traditionally a symbol of luck prior to its appropriation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following items with their traditional uses:

<p>Bodhi tree = Represents the joy and peace of Nirvana Janamaz = Used during Muslim prayer Dreidel = Used in games during Hanukkah Latin Cross = Symbol of Christianity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following prayers or rituals with their associated symbols:

<p>Janamaz = In the Janamaz, there is a design pointing towards Mecca Dreidel = Used during festive celebrations for children Bodhi tree = Connection to the Buddha's life and enlightenment Swastika = Originally a symbol of auspiciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Monotheistic = belief in 1 God Polytheistic = belief in more than 1 God Atheist = belief in no god Agnostic = a person who claims neither faith nor disbelief in God</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following worldviews with their descriptions:

<p>Cosmocentric worldview = Nature is an expression of the sacred realm Religious impulse = the urge to believe in something divine Monotheistic = aligned with the belief in one deity Atheist = rejects the existence of any god</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following belief systems with their characteristics:

<p>Agnostic = neither confirms nor denies faith in God Polytheistic = embraces multiple deities Atheist = denies any belief in deities Cosmocentric worldview = views life as interconnected through nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following definitions with their corresponding terms:

<p>Religious impulse = seeking meaning through a relationship with the transcendent Polytheistic = involves the worship of many gods Monotheistic = involves the worship of a single God Agnostic = holds a neutral position regarding the existence of God</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the symbols or terms with their respective descriptions:

<p>The Chai = A Hebrew word meaning living God Ichthys = A symbol used by Christians to identify one another Misbaha = Islamic prayer beads used in religious practice Shiva = A Hindu god associated with the dance of creation and destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms to their appropriate explanations:

<p>Atheist = does not believe in any form of deity Cosmocentric worldview = considers nature sacred and interconnected Agnostic = unsure about the existence of a deity Monotheistic = worship focuses on one supreme being</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following belief descriptions with their corresponding terms:

<p>Polytheistic = embracing many gods Monotheistic = the faith in one singular God Religious impulse = the drive to explore the divine Atheist = disbelief in the existence of any gods</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the number symbolism with its meaning:

<p>18 (Chai Value) = Represents gifts to charity given in Jewish tradition 100 = The total number of beads in a Misbaha 99 = The number of beads in a Misbaha excluding the additional one 33 = The total beads counted three times when reading the Misbaha</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the beliefs with their corresponding images or symbols:

<p>Shiva's image = Depicts the cycle of time and balance of creation The Buddha = A representation of an ideal enlightened being Misbaha = Symbolizes the practice of contemplation in Islam Ichthys = Represents Christians' identification in times of persecution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following philosophical concepts with their synonyms:

<p>Agnostic = neither here nor there about God Monotheistic = one god worship Polytheistic = many gods worship Cosmocentric worldview = interconnection of life through nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following beliefs with their meanings:

<p>Monotheistic = theism centered around one deity Atheist = the absence of belief in deities Polytheistic = recognition of multiple gods Cosmocentric worldview = the sacred reflected in nature's interconnectedness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their cultural or religious significance:

<p>The Chai = Represents life and divine existence in Judaism Ichthys = Serves as a secret symbol of the faith for Christians Misbaha = Used for prayer and meditation in Islam Shiva = Embodies the roles of creator, destroyer, and preserver in Hinduism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the meanings of terms with their definitions:

<p>Ichthys = Means 'fish' and relates to Jesus Christ in Christianity Misbaha = Islamic prayer beads sometimes referred to as Tasbih The Chai = A term used in Judaism associated with living God Shiva = Hindu representation connecting to cosmic cycles of existence</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the cultural practices with their origins:

<p>Gifts to charity in Judaism = Given in multiples of 18 (Chai Value) Misbaha use in prayers = Common practice among Muslims during religious contemplation Depiction of Shiva = Found in Hindu beliefs representing various realms of existence Ichthys as a symbol = Historically used by persecuted Christians to signal faith</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the different religious figures with their attributes:

<p>The Chai = Represents life within Jewish faith Misbaha = Symbol of Islamic devotion and prayer Shiva = Hindu deity known for his cosmic roles The Buddha = Central figure of enlightenment in Buddhism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the symbolic meanings with the corresponding items:

<p>The Chai = Symbolizes life and the living God Misbaha = Represents discipline and commitment in Islamic prayer Ichthys = Embodies faith and secrecy among Christians Shiva = Represents the balance of creation and destruction in Hindu mythos</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Monotheism

The belief in only one God.

Polytheism

The belief in multiple gods.

Atheism

The belief in no gods.

Cosmocentric Worldview

The belief that nature itself is sacred and everything is interconnected. Often found in Indigenous traditions.

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Religious Impulse

A human's urge to seek meaning and purpose in life through connection to something beyond the ordinary.

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Agnostic

A person who does not claim belief or disbelief in God.

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Religion

A set of beliefs and practices including rituals, stories, and symbols that relate people to a perceived ultimate reality or sacred power.

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Why Study World Religions?

To understand and appreciate religions by learning about their beliefs, practices, history, and influence on the world.

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Crusade

The term "crusade" translates to "going to the Cross." The initial purpose was to motivate Christian warriors to travel to Palestine to liberate Jerusalem and other holy sites from Muslim control.

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Jerusalem's Diverse Past

Jerusalem, once home to Jews, Muslims, and Christians living harmoniously, became a focus for Christian warriors during the Crusades. Christians could previously visit holy locations freely.

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Constantine's Move

The Roman Emperor Constantine, who ruled from 308 to 312 CE, relocated the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome to Constantinople.

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Council of Nicaea

The Council of Nicaea was convened by Constantine to establish fundamental beliefs shared by many Christians, summarized in the Nicene Creed.

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Filioque Clause

The Filioque Clause, a Latin term meaning "and the Son," was added to the Nicene Creed by the Roman Pope. It states that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son.

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Western Church's View

The Western Church, holding the belief that both the Father and Son sent forth the Holy Spirit, implies their equality.

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Eastern Church's View

The Eastern Church, in contrast, maintains that the Holy Spirit proceeds only from the Father, emphasizing the Father's distinct role.

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Filioque Controversy

The Filioque Clause sparked a major conflict between the Pope and the Emperor in Rome, as well as with the patriarch of Constantinople, contributing to the East-West Schism.

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What does the Hebrew word "Chai" signify?

The Hebrew word "Chai" means "living God". It represents the importance of life and the divine.

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What is the Ichthys symbol and what does it represent?

The Ichthys symbol is a fish that represents Jesus Christ, the Son of God, and Saviour. It was used by early Christians as a secret code to identify each other during times of persecution.

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What are Misbaha or Tasbih?

Misbaha or Tasbih are Islamic prayer beads typically containing 100 beads (99 + 1). They are used to count repetitions of prayers or dhikr.

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What does the image of Nataraja represent?

Nataraja is a depiction of the Hindu god Shiva as the "Lord of Dance". It symbolizes the cycle of time and the balance of creation and destruction.

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What does the image of the Buddha symbolize?

The image of the Buddha is a symbol of an enlightened one, representing perfect compassion and wisdom.

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What is the origin of suffering according to Buddhism?

The core of suffering is desire, according to the Buddha. This means that our wanting and craving for things can lead to unhappiness.

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How can suffering be extinguished according to Buddhism?

The Buddha believed that suffering can be extinguished by eliminating desire and clinging to things. This involves letting go of attachments to material possessions, relationships, and even our own ideas about ourselves.

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What are the Four Noble Truths?

The Four Noble Truths are a set of four fundamental principles that guide Buddhist practice and understanding. They provide a framework for understanding the nature of suffering, its cause, its cessation, and the path to liberation.

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What is the Eightfold Path?

The Eightfold Path is a practical guide that helps us live a life free from suffering. It involves cultivating wisdom, ethical conduct, and mental discipline.

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The Buddha's forest years

The period of time in which Gautama, the Buddha, spent six years in the forest practicing asceticism and deep meditation.

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What is Ahimsa?

Ahimsa, or non-violence, is one of the five precepts in Buddhism. It emphasizes refraining from causing harm to any living being, both physically and mentally.

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What are the Five precepts?

The Five Precepts in Buddhism guide ethical conduct and are considered essential for living a virtuous life. These practices promote harmony, well-being, and spiritual growth.

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What is the "Middle Way" in Buddhism?

The Middle Way, a core principle in Buddhism, emphasizes avoiding extremes of indulgence and asceticism. It encourages a balanced and moderate approach to life.

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Dreidel

A spinning top associated with the Jewish festival of Hanukkah, with each side having a Hebrew letter forming an acronym for a phrase about a great miracle that happened there.

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Janamaz

A prayer rug used by Muslims during prayer, typically with a design indicating the direction of Mecca.

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Swastika

A symbol of good luck, often associated with the Nazi regime, though it has ancient origins in different cultures.

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Bodhi Tree

A tree under which the Buddha is said to have attained enlightenment. It remains a powerful symbol in Buddhism and represents a human being's capacity to attain enlightenment and find the joy and peace of Nirvana.

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Latin Cross

A cross used to recall the death of Jesus Christ, commonly used in Christian imagery.

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What is Bhakti Yoga?

A path to spiritual liberation through loving devotion to a personal deity. This involves practices like singing prayers, offering praise, and deepening one's relationship with the divine.

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What is Karma Yoga?

A path to enlightenment achieved by selfless actions and good karma. It emphasizes performing duties without attachment to the fruits of those actions.

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What is Jnana Yoga?

A path to knowledge and wisdom through intellectual inquiry and study. This includes seeking guidance from a Guru, meditating deeply, and understanding the true nature of reality.

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What is Raja Yoga?

A path to spiritual liberation achieved through meditation, self-discipline, and concentration. This includes practices like controlling the mind, focusing attention, and cultivating a state of inner peace.

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What is the student stage in Hinduism?

This stage of life is characterized by learning, studying, and acquiring knowledge. This period is focused on gaining a strong foundation in Hindu principles and practices.

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What is the householder stage in Hinduism?

This stage in life involves fulfilling social and religious duties and responsibilities. Duties may include raising a family, caring for elders, and participating in community activities.

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What is the forest dweller stage in Hinduism?

This stage in life focuses on semi-retirement, a time for introspection and spiritual growth. This stage may involve rituals, pilgrimages, and helping others.

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What is the ascetic stage in Hinduism?

This stage is marked by complete renunciation of worldly attachments and pursuit of spiritual liberation. It involves practices like wandering, meditation, and deep contemplation.

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What is the caste system in Hinduism?

This system divides society into four hierarchical groups based on traditional occupations, duties, and social roles. It has a complex history and has also been linked to social inequality.

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Describe the Diwali festival.

Diwali is a popular festival celebrated with lights, fireworks, and sweets. It honors Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity. The festival celebrates the triumph of good over evil.

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Study Notes

Exam Format

  • Exam is multiple choice, identification, communication, short answer, and long answer/reflection.
  • Communication will be marked holistically, identification is matching.
  • Short answer is in parts with one question from each part, long answer/reflection is an essay style question.
  • Total marks are for 120.

Unit 1: Introduction to Religion & Cults

  • Monotheistic: Belief in one God.
  • Polytheistic: Belief in more than one God.
  • Atheist: Belief in no God.
  • Cosmocentric Worldview: Nature as an expression of the sacred realm; all life is interconnected (e.g., Indigenous beliefs).
  • Religious Impulse: Urge to believe in something divine; trying to find meaning through a relationship to something transcendent.
  • Agnostic: Neither believes nor disbelieves in God.
  • Creed: Belief system about God or the meaning of life (e.g., apostles' creed).
  • Cult: Form of worship or celebration (e.g., Salat [prayer]).
  • Code: Moral conduct people follow (e.g., the eightfold path).
  • Community: A group of believers (e.g., Bar Mitzvah).

Unit 2: Indigenous Spirituality

  • Indigenous: A group belonging to a natural environment; born in a region.
  • First Nations: Largest Indigenous group; spread throughout Canada.
  • Métis: Emerged through intermarriage between First Nations and European settlers.
  • Inuit: Indigenous people who live in the north, can also be found in Greenland, Alaska, and Russia.

Unit 3: Judaism

  • Bar/Bat Mitzvah: Religious obligations for boys (13) and girls (12)
  • Sabbath: A day of rest for prayer and family (Friday sunset to Saturday sunset).
  • Kashrut: Dietary Laws
  • Yom Kippur: Most holy day of the year (Day of Atonement).

Unit 4: Christianity

  • Crusades: Series of conflicts between Christians and Muslims in the Middle East (8 military expeditions).
  • Constantine: Emperor who legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire.
  • Legalization: Diocletian divided the Roman Empire into two segments (Western and Eastern Roman Empire).

Unit 5: Islam

  • Sawm: Fasting during Ramadan.
  • Ramadan Celebrations: Celebrates the revelation of the Quran (ninth lunar month).
  • Hajj: Mandatory pilgrimage to Mecca.
  • Hijab: Modest headscarf that covers hair and neck.
  • Medina & Mecca: Holiest cities in Islam.
  • Muslim: Person who submitted to God.

Unit 6: Hinduism

  • Brahman: Ultimate reality, everywhere at all times, in all things.
  • Atman: Soul.
  • Monism: Belief in a single element or principle that underlies all reality (e.g., Brahman).
  • Dharma: Code of conduct.
  • Karma: Actions.

Unit 7: Buddhism

  • Middle Path: A balanced approach to life; not extreme poverty or excess wealth.
  • Buddha: An enlightened being (Siddhartha Gautama).
  • Karma: Totality of actions and thoughts; the path.
  • Dharma: Code of conduct.
  • Dukkha: All life consists of suffering.
  • Annica: All things are impermanent.
  • Nirvana/Enlightenment: Ultimate goal; freedom from the cycle of rebirth.
  • Four Sights: Significant life events that led Siddhartha Gautama towards enlightenment.
  • Story of Buddha: Event(s) that motivated Siddhartha Gautama to leave his life of luxury and seek enlightenment.

Unit 8: Sikhism

  • Waheguru: God in Sikhism.
  • Guru Nanak: Founder of Sikhism.
  • Khalsa: Community of Sikhs.
  • Khanda: Sikh symbol.
  • Five Ks: Five articles of faith for Khalsa Sikhs (Kesh, Kangha, Kara, Kachera, Kirpan).

Additional Information

  • CoExist: Notion of living together in harmony; various religions and cultural groups coexisting in peace.
  • Symbols: Images, words, or objects that represent values and beliefs in a religion

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This quiz challenges you to match various concepts from yoga, Buddhism, and traditional festivals to their definitions, significances, or roles. It's a comprehensive way to test your knowledge of these rich cultural practices and philosophies, perfect for those interested in spirituality and religion.

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