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Questions and Answers
What is the difference between somatic and germ-cell mutations?
What is the difference between somatic and germ-cell mutations?
- Somatic mutations occur in body cells that don’t make eggs or sperm, while germ-cell mutations occur in sex cells. (correct)
- Germ-cell mutations lead to cancers, while somatic mutations do not.
- Germ-cell mutations affect the parent, while somatic mutations affect the offspring.
- Somatic mutations are heritable, while germ-cell mutations are not.
What are the effects of germ-cell mutations?
What are the effects of germ-cell mutations?
- They affect the offspring of the person with the mutation, but are not heritable.
- They affect the person with the mutation, but are not heritable.
- They affect the offspring of the person with the mutation and are heritable. (correct)
- They affect the parent of the person with the mutation, but are not heritable.
How do somatic and germ-cell mutations relate to cancer?
How do somatic and germ-cell mutations relate to cancer?
- Somatic mutations lead to cancers, while germ-cell mutations do not.
- Both somatic and germ-cell mutations can lead to cancers. (correct)
- Neither somatic nor germ-cell mutations can lead to cancers.
- Germ-cell mutations lead to cancers, while somatic mutations do not.
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Study Notes
Types of Mutations
- Somatic mutations: occur in non-reproductive cells (e.g. skin, muscle, blood cells) and are not passed on to offspring.
- Germ-cell mutations: occur in reproductive cells (e.g. sperm, egg cells) and can be passed on to offspring.
Effects of Germ-Cell Mutations
- Can result in hereditary diseases or disorders in offspring.
- Can alter the frequency of a particular trait or characteristic in a population.
Mutations and Cancer
- Somatic mutations: can lead to cancer, as they can disrupt normal cellular function and lead to uncontrolled cell growth.
- Germ-cell mutations: can increase the risk of cancer in offspring, as they can affect the functioning of genes involved in tumor suppression.
- Both types of mutations can contribute to the development of cancer, but somatic mutations are more directly associated with cancer development.
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