Mastering UTI Pathology

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common primary renal tumor in dogs?

  • Renal carcinoma (correct)
  • Renal lymphoma
  • Renal sarcoma
  • Renal adenoma

Which species is Actinobacillus equuli commonly associated with?

  • Horse (correct)
  • Cattle
  • Sheep
  • Swine

What is the most common neoplasm in the urinary bladder of dogs?

  • Urothelial cell carcinoma (correct)
  • Renal carcinoma
  • Renal sarcoma
  • Renal lymphoma

Which of the following pathogens is specifically pathogenic for the lower urinary tract in cattle?

<p>Corynebacterium renale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common primary renal tumor in cattle?

<p>Renal carcinoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species is Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae commonly associated with?

<p>Swine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common primary renal tumor in horses?

<p>Renal carcinoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a systemic change associated with renal failure?

<p>Fibrinous pericarditis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism behind parathyroid hyperplasia in renal failure?

<p>Increased PTH secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of fibrous osteodystrophy in renal failure?

<p>Altered calcium metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of caustic injury in the oral cavity?

<p>Glossitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Endothelial damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of anaemia in renal failure?

<p>Lack of erythropoietin production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of glossitis in cattle?

<p>Bilateral symmetrical ulcers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of metastatic mineralisation in renal failure?

<p>Altered calcium metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism behind ulcerative colitis in horses and cattle?

<p>Increased vascular permeability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of fibroosteodystrophy in renal failure?

<p>Altered calcium metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nephritis is often referred to as acute suppurative glomerulitis?

<p>Embolic suppurative nephritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of embolic nephritis in foals?

<p>Actinobacillus equui (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nephritis can occur secondary to pigs infected with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

<p>Embolic suppurative nephritis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common isolate of embolic nephritis in cattle?

<p>Trueperella pyogenes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of urinary tract pathology primarily involves the interstitium and tubules?

<p>Tubulointerstitial nephritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two portals of entrance for tubulointerstitial nephritis?

<p>Haematogenous (descendent) and urinary (ascendant) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of urinary tract pathology is associated with anomalies of development?

<p>Non-inflammatory nephropathies/uropathies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific example of embolic nephritis in foals mentioned in the text?

<p>Actinobacillus equui (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the systemic changes associated with renal failure?

<p>Parathyroid hyperplasia, fibrous osteodystrophy, metastatic mineralisation, ulcerative gastritis/glossitis/stomatitis, pulmonary edema, fibrinous pericarditis, atrial and vascular thrombosis, and anemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism behind parathyroid hyperplasia in renal failure?

<p>Secondary hypocalcaemia stimulates the parathyroid gland, leading to parathyroid hyperplasia and increased PTH secretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of fibrous osteodystrophy in renal failure?

<p>Reduced GFR and secondary retention of phosphate, leading to hyperphosphataemia and increased hydroxyapatite crystal formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of metastatic mineralisation in renal failure?

<p>Secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased hydroxyapatite crystal formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of thrombosis in nephrotic syndrome?

<p>Urinary loss of antithrombin 3 by the kidney and increased production of prothrombotic factors by the kidney.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main portals of entrance for tubulointerstitial nephritis?

<p>Haematogenous (descendent) and Urinary (ascendant)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific example of embolic nephritis in foals mentioned in the text?

<p>Actinobacillus equui</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species is Actinobacillus equuli commonly associated with?

<p>Foals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common isolate of embolic nephritis in cattle?

<p>Trueperella pyogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of urinary tract pathology primarily involves the interstitium and tubules?

<p>Tubulointerstitial nephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the risk factors for pyelonephritis?

<p>Urine stasis/obstruction, diabetes, congenital malformations, and female gender (short urethras).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common causes of pyelonephritis?

<p>Endogenous bacteria of the bowel and skin, Corynebacterium renale (cattle), and Actinobaculum suis (swine).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the risk factors for developing urinary bladder neoplasms in dogs?

<p>Bracken and fern induced neoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of neoplasm in the urinary bladder of dogs?

<p>Urothelial cell carcinoma (formerly transitional cell carcinoma).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common primary renal tumors in domestic animals?

<p>Renal carcinomas in dogs, cattle, and horses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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