Mastering the Basics of Smooth Muscle
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Questions and Answers

Smooth muscle cells have different physical dimensions in order to

  • respond to different stimuli
  • receive nerve signals
  • facilitate coordinated contractions
  • adapt to different organs (correct)

Smooth muscle cells are organized into bundles or sheets to

  • adjust to different organs
  • respond to different stimuli
  • receive nerve signals
  • enable coordinated contractions (correct)

Smooth muscle cells respond to different stimuli, including

  • neural, hormonal, and local factors (correct)
  • hormonal and local factors
  • O2, CO2, and H2
  • neural and hormonal factors

Smooth muscle cells receive nerve signals from the

<p>autonomic nervous system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscle cells adjust their physical dimensions to

<p>fit the specific organs they are in (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The organization of smooth muscle cells into bundles or sheets allows for

<p>coordinated contractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscle cells can respond to a variety of stimuli, including

<p>neural, hormonal, and local factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscle cells receive nerve signals from the

<p>autonomic nervous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscle cells adjust their physical dimensions to

<p>fit the specific organs they are in (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The organization of smooth muscle cells into bundles or sheets allows for

<p>coordinated contractions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscle is found in which of the following organs?

<p>Uterus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of smooth muscle contracts as a single unit?

<p>Single-unit smooth muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of smooth muscle has discrete, separate muscle fibers?

<p>Multi-unit smooth muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of smooth muscle is found in the ciliary muscles of the eyes?

<p>Multi-unit smooth muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments in smooth muscle?

<p>Random arrangement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major source of Ca2+ for smooth muscle contraction?

<p>Extra cellular fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much can smooth muscle contract compared to skeletal muscle?

<p>80% of its length (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy requirement to maintain the contraction of smooth muscle compared to skeletal muscle?

<p>1/10 to 1/300 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a location where single-unit smooth muscle is found?

<p>Uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of smooth muscle in the body?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about smooth muscle fibers?

<p>Some larger smooth muscle cells have caveolae near the cell membrane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of caveolae in smooth muscle fibers?

<p>They excite calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does smooth muscle contraction differ from skeletal muscle contraction?

<p>Smooth muscle uses calmodulin as a calcium-binding protein. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of activated calmodulin in smooth muscle contraction?

<p>It activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when myosin is phosphorylated in smooth muscle contraction?

<p>It binds to actin, forming a cross-bridge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of myosin phosphatase in smooth muscle relaxation?

<p>It removes phosphate from the myosin light chain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the rate of contraction in smooth muscle fibers?

<p>The extent of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of calmodulin in smooth muscle contraction?

<p>It phosphorylates myosin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is responsible for phosphorylating myosin in smooth muscle contraction?

<p>Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of reducing calcium ion concentration in smooth muscle?

<p>It causes muscle relaxation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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