Effective Psychotherapists Ch 3

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the cognitive component of empathy?

The ability to anticipate others' intentions.

The ability to recognize and experience another person's emotions.

The ability to mirror the actions and emotions of others.

The ability to read the apparent inner experience and intention of others. (correct)

Which of the following best describes the shared affective responding component of trait empathy?

The ability to mirror the actions and emotions of others.

The ability to read the apparent inner experience and intention of others.

The ability to anticipate others' intentions.

The ability to recognize and experience another person's emotions. (correct)

Why did the ability to anticipate others' intentions convey an advantage in early humans?

To survive in a cooperative and understanding society. (correct)

To recognize and experience another person's emotions.

To excel in sports, debate, games, and conflict.

To mirror the actions and emotions of others.

Which term describes the phenomenon where the physiological responses of a therapist and client become synchronized during therapy sessions?

Empathic entrainment Signup and view all the answers

What did Paul Bloom caution against in his work?

Impulsive responding to affective empathy Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between empathy and sympathy?

Empathy involves perspective-taking, while sympathy involves feeling sorry for someone Signup and view all the answers

What is a prerequisite for accurate empathy?

Perspective-taking Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has the most consistent relationship to positive client outcomes?

Therapist empathy Signup and view all the answers

What are some strategic reasons for therapists to 'overshoot' or 'undershoot' expressed emotion or opinion?

To reaffirm client's statements Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic approach has shown a relationship between therapist empathy and better outcomes?

Client-centered counseling Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential impact of empathetic emergency room physicians on patients?

Lower patient satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT associated with higher levels of therapist empathy?

Therapist attitude Signup and view all the answers

Therapists' core therapeutic skills are

Independent of clients Signup and view all the answers

Accurate empathy is

A reliably measurable and learnable therapist skill Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the roadblocks to listening described by Thomas Gordon?

Empathizing Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of accurate empathy in helping relationships?

To step inside another person's world and reflect understanding Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between empathic listening and agreeing?

Empathic listening requires full attention, while agreeing communicates that the listener has heard enough Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a psychotherapist in accurate empathy?

To make guesses about what the client meant Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of reflecting statements instead of asking questions?

It fosters defensiveness in the client Signup and view all the answers

What do therapists selectively emphasize or strengthen when reflecting a client's statements?

The client's outward signs of upsetness, anxiety, defensiveness, or resistance Signup and view all the answers

According to Truax and Carkhuff, what are the three themes that therapists should selectively reinforce when reflecting a client's statements?

Human relationship, self-exploration, and positive self-concept Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of empathic listening in terms of the intensity of a reflection?

The intensity of the therapist's reflection Signup and view all the answers

Accurate empathy involves conveying your internal understanding to your client.

Accurate empathy involves expressing your internal understanding. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three potential sources of misunderstanding in communication?

Mishearing, misinterpreting, and misrepresenting Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger of assuming your interpretation of someone's words is correct?

You may misinterpret the person. Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of silence in listening?

Silence helps the listener process what they are hearing. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Accurate Empathy: A Skill in Therapeutic Relationships

Empathy is a trait that is part of normal human development and includes cognitive perspective-taking and shared affective responding.
Therapist empathy has been linked to better client outcomes in counseling and psychotherapy.
Trait empathy is partially heritable and normally distributed in the population.
Empathy can be increased through life experience or intentional practice.
Accurate empathy is a skill in helping relationships and is not the same as sympathy or feeling sorry for someone.
Accurate empathy does not require feeling the same thing as the other person or having had similar experiences.
The attitude of accurate empathy involves curiosity and a willingness to understand the client's perspective.
Accurate empathy requires listening with the intent to understand and setting aside one's own perspectives.
Empathic listening involves a continuing openness and gradual deepening of understanding.
Accurate empathy is a therapeutic skill that involves conveying internal understanding to the client.
Communication can go wrong in three ways: people not saying exactly what they mean, mishearing, and interpreting the words based on one's own assumptions.
Silence can be valuable in allowing people time to process what they are saying in therapeutic relationships.

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Understanding the Strategic Use of Expressing Emotion and Opinion in Communication: Take this quiz to test your knowledge on the benefits of understating and overstating in conversations, as well as the strategic reasons behind these communication techniques.