Endo quiz 3.1

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments in endodontics?

Ability to withstand deformations up to 7%

Resistance to corrosion

Fracture resistance (correct)

High elasticity

What is the maximum number of bending cycles that NiTi instruments can endure without fracturing?

3 cycles

100 cycles

20 cycles

1,000 cycles (correct)

Which type of cross-sections present difficulties for rotary instruments in canal preparation?

Triangular or hexagonal-shaped

Circular or square-shaped

Irregular or random-shaped

Wide oval or ribbon-shaped (correct)

What is the purpose of canal preparation in endodontics?

To create access for disinfecting solutions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the ultimate goal of endodontic treatment?

To retain teeth in function with pulpal or periapical pathosis Signup and view all the answers

What are the two pillars of nonsurgical endodontics?

Canal preparation and obturation Signup and view all the answers

What can a missed canal during canal preparation be associated with?

Endodontic failures Signup and view all the answers

When should case referral to an endodontist for microscope-supported treatment be considered?

When there are two canals in the mesiobuccal root Signup and view all the answers

Which material has similar bioactive properties to MTA and is used as a root canal sealer?

BC Sealer™ Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of obturation in root canal treatment?

To fill the root canal space Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sealer is typically not absorbed by tissues and tissue fluids?

Resin-based sealer Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method for depositing sealer into the canal system?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the main concern about reusing NiTi instruments?

The lack of conclusive evidence of disease transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe smaller-than-usual apical sizes in endodontics?

Minimally invasive endodontics Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a small K-file before any rotary instrumentation?

To create a glide path for rotary instruments Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a basic strategy in root canal obturation according to the text?

Using a carrier-based core material Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specific instrument developed to address challenges in root canal treatment?

ProFile® Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical recommendation for moving the rotary instrument into the canal during root canal treatment?

Move the instrument in an in-and-out motion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of contemporary NiTi rotaries?

They are designed with variable pitch and helical angle Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to flood the canal system with sodium hypochlorite during the use of rotaries?

Create an access cavity that can act as a reservoir Signup and view all the answers

During root canal treatment, the gutta-percha mass in each canal should end about how many millimeters below the pulpal floor?

1 mm Signup and view all the answers

Which materials are suitable for an orifice barrier to protect root canals from leakage prior to placement of a definitive restoration?

Glass ionomers Signup and view all the answers

What should a filled root canal system demonstrate in terms of radiographic appearance?

Homogenous radiopaque appearance Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to prevent overextension of root filling material into the periapical tissue, specifically in the mandibular canal?

Accurate determination of working length Signup and view all the answers

Which material is typically used to fill root canals?

Gutta-percha Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential harm of overfills in root canals?

Permanent damage to the patient Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has the greatest impact on outcomes in root canal treatment?

Access and canal preparation Signup and view all the answers

Which study investigated the prevalence of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated premolars and molars?

Karabucak et al. Signup and view all the answers

Which property of nitinol root canal files was investigated in the study by Walia et al.?

Bending and torsional properties Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm does the study by Gluskin et al. challenge?

Minimally invasive endodontics Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Instruments in Endodontics

Not all advantages of using NiTi instruments include flexibility issues, as they provide superior elasticity.
NiTi instruments can endure up to 800 bending cycles before fracturing, making them durable in canal preparation.
Instruments with triangular cross-sections can face challenges in shaping canals due to reduced effectiveness in curved anatomy.

Canal Preparation and Endodontic Treatment Goals

The primary purpose of canal preparation is to disinfect and shape the root canal system for effective cleaning.
The ultimate goal of endodontic treatment is to preserve the natural tooth structure while eliminating infection.
Nonsurgical endodontics relies on the two pillars of thorough canal cleaning and effective sealing.

Consequences of Missed Canals and Treatment Referrals

A missed canal during preparation can lead to persistent infection and treatment failure.
Case referral to an endodontist is advisable when microscope-supported treatment is necessary for complex cases.

Materials and Sealing Properties

Bioactive glass is similar to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and is used as a root canal sealer due to its properties.
Resin-based sealers are typically not absorbed by tissues or tissue fluids, ensuring stability in the canal.
Recommended method for depositing sealer is through hand delivery, ensuring precise placement without excessive pressure.

NiTi Instrument Usage and Limitations

Main concern with reusing NiTi instruments is fatigue failure, leading to instrument separation during procedures.
Smaller-than-usual apical sizes are referred to as "micro-apical" sizes in current endodontic terminology.
Use of a small K-file prior to rotary instrumentation is essential for initial canal shaping and to establish a glide path.

Root Canal Obturation Strategies

A key strategy in root canal obturation, ensuring thorough filling, involves creating a continuous seal through compacting materials.
Not all instruments designed for canal treatment are effective; some may be less suited for specific canal configurations.

Rotary Instrument Guidelines and Material Considerations

Moving rotary instruments into canals should be gentle and with careful monitoring to avoid ledging or transportation of the canal.
Characteristics of contemporary NiTi rotary instruments include enhanced flexibility and improved cutting efficiency.
Flooding the canal system with sodium hypochlorite is best achieved through the use of a side-vented needle to enhance irrigation.

Gutta-Percha and Orifice Barriers

Gutta-percha should ideally end approximately 2-3 millimeters below the pulpal floor level in each canal for optimal results.
Suitable materials for orifice barriers include bioactive glass and resin-based compounds to prevent leakage prior to definitive restoration.

Radiographic and Overfilling Considerations

A filled root canal system should exhibit a radiopaque appearance, demonstrating complete obturation without voids.
To prevent overextension of root filling material into the periapical tissue, especially in the mandibular canal, precise measurement techniques should be utilized.

Common Root Canal Filling Materials

Gutta-percha is the most commonly utilized material in filling root canals, due to its biocompatibility and sealing properties.
Potential harm of overfills in root canals can lead to inflammation and discomfort, compromising healing.

Key Factors Influencing Treatment Outcomes

The greatest impact on outcomes in root canal treatment is attributed to the quality of cleaning and shaping of the canal system.
A study highlighted the prevalence of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated premolars and molars, emphasizing the importance of proper technique.
Walia et al.'s study focused on the cyclic fatigue resistance of nitinol root canal files, confirming their performance under repetitive stress.
The study by Gluskin et al. challenges the traditional paradigms in endodontics, suggesting a need for updated approaches in treatment protocols.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the use of tapered gutta-percha cones and different hand pluggers in root canal treatment. This quiz will cover topics such as compaction techniques, fitting the master cone, and verifying a proper fit near the apical constriction. Perfect for dental professionals seeking to enhance their endodontic skills.