Mastering Prostate Cancer

8 Questions

Sipuleucel-T as first line

4.1 months

Docetaxel

Targets RANK ligand, which activates osteoclast precursors

Osteonecrosis of the jaw

Block the PARP pathway in prostate tumor cells with abnormal BRCA genes

None of the above

Androgen receptor amplification, mutation, gene expression, loss of apoptosis, and increased activity of growth-stimulatory pathways

Study Notes

Guidelines for the risk and treatment of prostate cancer.
Treatment options for intermediate (favorable and unfavorable) prostate cancer.
Case study of a 65-year-old man with intermediate (favorable) prostate cancer.
Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) options.
LHRH agonists and antagonists.
Tumor flare reaction.
First-generation antiandrogens.
Flutamine, Bicalutamide, and Nilutamide.
Dosage, adverse effects, and drug interactions of ADT and antiandrogens.
The effectiveness of oral relugolix in advanced prostate cancer.1. Several drugs used for the treatment of prostate cancer, including their benefits and side effects, are listed.
Different treatment options for high-risk, very high-risk, and metastatic prostate cancer are mentioned.
The Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is defined, and its progression is explained.
The drugs used for the treatment of non-metastatic resistant prostate cancer are listed.
The use of Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) as a vaccine for prostate cancer is explained.
The cost of Sipuleucel-T is mentioned.- Median improvement in overall survival improvement is 4.1 months compared to placebo for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

There is minimal detectable effect on disease progression as measured by PSA or other objective response criteria.
Multiple possible mechanisms/resistance causes mCRPC, including androgen receptor amplification, mutation, gene expression, loss of apoptosis, and increased activity of growth-stimulatory pathways.
Treatment for asymptomatic (or minimally symptomatic) CRPC includes sipuleucel-T as first line and is indicated for treatment of asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic prostate cancer.
Treatment for metastatic bone only metastases includes abiraterone, docetaxel, enzalutamide, and radium-33.
Treatment for visceral and bone metastases includes abiraterone, cabazitaxel, docetaxel, enzalutamide, and mitoxantrone.
Docetaxel improves overall survival by a median of 10 months over hormone therapy alone in men with newly diagnosed, advanced, hormone therapy-naive prostate cancer.
ASCO/CCO guidelines recommend therapies with survival and quality of life (QoL) benefits that should be offered.
Bone antiresorptive therapy includes Zoledronic acid (Zometa) - bisphosphate, which inhibits osteoclastic activity and skeletal calcium release induced by tumors.
Dose reduce when CrCL < 60.1. Denosumab (Xgeva®) is a bone antiresorptive therapy used to prevent bone-related events in metastatic cancer and treat bone loss in men with prostate cancer.

It is a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets RANK ligand, which activates osteoclast precursors.
Denosumab promotes the release of bone-derived growth factors.
It is administered as a single dose of 60mg every 6 months via subcutaneous injection.
Denosumab has a caution of osteonecrosis of the jaw.
PARP inhibitors rucaparib and olaparib are precision drugs for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
They are used against gene repair aberration.
BRCA genes are normally involved in a different pathway of DNA repair.
By blocking the PARP pathway, these drugs make it hard for prostate tumor cells with an abnormal BRCA gene to repair damaged DNA.
This causes death of the prostate cancer cells.

8 Questions