Mastering Molecular Clocks
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Questions and Answers

Which classification system is the most recent?

  • Three Domains (correct)
  • Two Kingdoms
  • Five Kingdoms
  • Monera

What were the five recognized kingdoms before the three-domain system?

  • Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Bacteria
  • Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Archaea
  • Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia (correct)
  • Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

What is horizontal gene transfer?

  • The transfer of genes from parents to offspring
  • The transfer of genes between plants and animals
  • The transfer of genes from one species to another (correct)
  • The transfer of genes within the same species

What are the causes of horizontal gene transfer?

<p>Exchange of transposable elements or plasmids, viral infection, or fusion of organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the three-domain system?

<p>To adopt a more recent classification system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes prokaryotes?

<p>Bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes ancient bacteria?

<p>Archaea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes eukaryotes?

<p>Eukarya (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain was part of the five-kingdom classification system?

<p>Monera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Figure 20.22 represent?

<p>The tangled web of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a molecular clock?

<p>A clock that uses the constant rate of evolution in genes to estimate the time of evolutionary change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumption made when using a molecular clock?

<p>The number of nucleotide substitutions in related genes is proportional to the time since they last shared a common ancestor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the difference in clock rate for different genes?

<p>The criticality of the gene for survival (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a molecular clock?

<p>To estimate the absolute time of evolutionary change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about selectively neutral mutations?

<p>They have no effect on fitness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the number of nucleotide substitutions in related genes represent in a molecular clock?

<p>The time since the genes last shared a common ancestor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a molecular clock use to estimate the absolute time of evolutionary change?

<p>The rate of mutation in genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a molecular clock?

<p>Dependent on the length of the gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of a molecular clock assume about the rate of evolution in genes?

<p>The rate of evolution is constant over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the main factor that determines the difference in clock rate for different genes?

<p>The criticality of the gene for survival (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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