Mastering Molecular Clocks
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Questions and Answers

Which classification system is the most recent?

  • Three Domains (correct)
  • Two Kingdoms
  • Five Kingdoms
  • Monera

    • What were the five recognized kingdoms before the three-domain system?

  • Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Bacteria
  • Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Archaea
  • Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia (correct)
  • Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

    • What is horizontal gene transfer?

  • The transfer of genes from parents to offspring
  • The transfer of genes between plants and animals
  • The transfer of genes from one species to another (correct)
  • The transfer of genes within the same species

    • What are the causes of horizontal gene transfer?

    <p>Exchange of transposable elements or plasmids, viral infection, or fusion of organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the three-domain system?

    <p>To adopt a more recent classification system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain includes prokaryotes?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain includes ancient bacteria?

    <p>Archaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain includes eukaryotes?

    <p>Eukarya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain was part of the five-kingdom classification system?

    <p>Monera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Figure 20.22 represent?

    <p>The tangled web of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a molecular clock?

    <p>A clock that uses the constant rate of evolution in genes to estimate the time of evolutionary change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the assumption made when using a molecular clock?

    <p>The number of nucleotide substitutions in related genes is proportional to the time since they last shared a common ancestor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the difference in clock rate for different genes?

    <p>The criticality of the gene for survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a molecular clock?

    <p>To estimate the absolute time of evolutionary change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about selectively neutral mutations?

    <p>They have no effect on fitness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the number of nucleotide substitutions in related genes represent in a molecular clock?

    <p>The time since the genes last shared a common ancestor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a molecular clock use to estimate the absolute time of evolutionary change?

    <p>The rate of mutation in genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a molecular clock?

    <p>Dependent on the length of the gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of a molecular clock assume about the rate of evolution in genes?

    <p>The rate of evolution is constant over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the main factor that determines the difference in clock rate for different genes?

    <p>The criticality of the gene for survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

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