Mastering Measurement Methods

Advantages of the Bubbler System include: Not affected by foaming, conductivity, solids. Reliable because only part in contact with process is a ______.

tube

The Bubbler System is used for measuring levels of ______ and fine powders.

liquid

Changes in level provide changes in ______ pressure, thus a change in backpressure in the bubbler supply.

head

Even a ½ psi change can represent over ______ of level change.

13.85 inches Signup and view all the answers

In the Weight Method, load cells are located either at the base of the tank, under each leg, or above the tank with the tank suspended from them. They are very ______.

accurate Signup and view all the answers

Tare weight is the empty ______ weight.

vessel Signup and view all the answers

The ______ weight of the tank is 1500 lbs.

tare Signup and view all the answers

The ______ method is considered indirect and non-invasive.

Weight Signup and view all the answers

Mechanical Springs are ______ under each leg of a vessel.

located Signup and view all the answers

Bathroom scales are an example of ______ springs.

mechanical Signup and view all the answers

Load Cells are an alternative to ______ Springs.

Mechanical Signup and view all the answers

A ______ cell is a type of transducer.

load Signup and view all the answers

As the force applied to the load ______ increases, the electrical signal changes proportionally.

cell Signup and view all the answers

Load Cells can be located ______ at the base of the tank or above the tank.

either Signup and view all the answers

Measured weight is the total weight of the vessel and its ______.

contents Signup and view all the answers

Content Wt(lb) = Measured Wt (lb) – Tare Wt (lb)

Formulas Signup and view all the answers

Volume (cubic feet) = Density (lbs/ft3) Volume (cubic feet)

Formulas Signup and view all the answers

Level (feet) = Surface Area (square feet) Area=πr2

Formulas Signup and view all the answers

A cylindrical tank has an area of 10 ft2 and a height of 8 ft. It has a ______ weight of 1500 lbs. Wheat flour has a density of 37 lbs/ft3.

Question 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the height (level) of wheat flour in the tank if the tank weighs a total of 3500lbs.

Question 1 Signup and view all the answers

What would the current signal be from the ______.

transmitter Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate height of the Wheat flour in the tank.

Question 1 Signup and view all the answers

Area

10 ft2 Signup and view all the answers

Content Wt (lb)

Measured Wt (lb) – Tare Wt (lb) Signup and view all the answers

Content weight

3500lb – 1500 lb= 2000 lb Signup and view all the answers

Question 1

Volume (cubic feet) = V= 2000 lb 37 lbs/ft3 Signup and view all the answers

Content Weight (lbs)

Density (lbs/ft3) V = 54.05 ft3 Signup and view all the answers

Question 1

<ol> <li>Level (feet) = 54.05 ft3 L= 10 ft2</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

O/P signal

Volume (cubic feet) Surface Area (square feet) L = 5.405 ft 5.405𝑓𝑡 −0 𝑓𝑡 ( )16 mA 8𝑓𝑡 + 4mA = 14.81 mA Signup and view all the answers

Question 2

If we used Mercury instead of wheat, with a density of 848 lb/ft3, what would its height be. Signup and view all the answers

Question 2

What is the approximate height of the mercury in the tank. V = 2000lbs/848 lb/ft3 V = 2.36 ft3 L = 2.36 ft3/10 ft2 L = 0.23 ft yes that is about ¼ of a foot (3”). Signup and view all the answers

Rotational Suppression Method

Paddle Wheel Detector Typically used granular or powered materials Paddle rotates until materials restricts rotation Direct, invasive, point measurement Signup and view all the answers

Nuclear Level Measurement

This type of level measurement is based on the weakening of gamma radiation as it penetrates materials. The radioactive isotope is installed in a container, also referred to as shielding, which emits the radiation only in one direction. The source container and the transmitter used to detect the radiation are mounted on opposite sides of a vessel or pipe. The higher the level of the process in the vessel the lower the intensity of the radiation received. For example, at 50% of the full range level, only half of the detector receives the radiation. Why and where would we use nuclear measurement. Signup and view all the answers

Nuclear Level Measurement

Electronic Sensors Ultrasonic Sensors Ultrasonic sound waves are transmitted, and the time required for the return echo is measured. The length of time determines the distance from the transceiver. No moving parts promote long life. Like sonar used for underwater depth detection but sound wave are above the human hearing range. Indirect, non-invasive, continuous measurement Signup and view all the answers

Electronic Sensors

Radar Sensors Similar in principle to ultrasonic, but uses high frequency radio waves instead of sound Ideal for applications with poor conditions such as foamy materials Indirect, non-invasive, continuous measurement Signup and view all the answers

Electronic Sensors

Conductive Probes Rods are suspended in an electrically conductive material and a circuit path will form between the rods Several rods can be used for multiple point levels Direct, invasive, point measurement. Signup and view all the answers

Electronic Sensors

Capacitive Probes A rod is suspended in non-conductive material to be measured and the capacitance between the rod and the vessel wall is measured. As the material level rises, a decrease in capacitance will be measured. Indirect, invasive, continuous measurement. Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Method

Differential Pressure Level Detector Same as a hydrostatic pressure system but used with a sealed and pressurized tank. Differential pressure transmitter has two pressure ports: wet leg (high pressure, bottom of vessel) and a dry leg (low pressure, top of tank) Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Method

DP Transmitter with Manifold D Signup and view all the answers

Calibrating DB (in service)

Druck Pressure Calibrator Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Method

Differential Pressure Level Detector Measures the difference in pressure between the top of a pressurized tank, and the head pressure in the bottom of the tank. Placement of the transmitter is critical to the calibration of the transmitter. Indirect, invasive, continuous measurement Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Formulas

Differential Pressure = ΔP ΔP= High Pressure - Low Pressure Pressure = 0.433 x H x SG Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Method

Question: A pressurized tank 30‘ tall containing water has a wet leg pressure of 20psi and a dry leg pressure of 8psi. The weight density of the Hi-Quality water is 60.4 lb/ft3, what would the water level be in feet. Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Method

Solution: ΔP = Hl – LO = 20-8 = 12 psi SG= 𝑥 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 62.4 = 60.4 62.4 ΔP =khsg H= 12 0.433 𝑥 0.968 =28.63ft Signup and view all the answers

Differential Pressure Method

Same question BUT we have the level but not the dry leg Signup and view all the answers

Match the following weight measurement methods with their key characteristics:

Mechanical Springs = Located under each leg of a vessel or the vessel is suspended by them Load Cells = Convert a force such as tension, compression, pressure, or torque into an electrical signal Weight Method = Considered an indirect and non-invasive method Tare Weight = The empty vessel weight Signup and view all the answers

Match the following load cell related terms with their definitions:

Load Cell = A type of transducer that converts a force into an electrical signal Single point Load cell = A type of load cell that is commonly used Indirect Method = A method in which weight is used to calculate the level for solids and liquids Content Weight = The weight of the vessel and its contents Signup and view all the answers

Match the following formulas with their corresponding variables:

$Content Wt(lb) = Measured Wt (lb) – Tare Wt (lb)$ = Content Weight $Volume (cubic feet) = Density (lbs/ft^3) Volume (cubic feet)$ = Volume $Level (feet) = Surface Area (square feet) Area=πr^2$ = Level $Area=πr^2$ = Area Signup and view all the answers

Match the following level measurement methods with their descriptions:

Rotational Suppression Method = Typically used for granular or powered materials, direct, invasive, point measurement Nuclear Level Measurement = Based on the weakening of gamma radiation as it penetrates materials, indirect, non-invasive, continuous measurement Electronic Sensors = Ultrasonic Sensors: Ultrasonic sound waves are transmitted, and the time required for the return echo is measured. Radar Sensors: Similar in principle to ultrasonic, but uses high frequency radio waves instead of sound. Conductive Probes: Rods are suspended in an electrically conductive material and a circuit path will form between the rods. Capacitive Probes: A rod is suspended in non-conductive material to be measured and the capacitance between the rod and the vessel wall is measured Differential Pressure Method = Measures the difference in pressure between the top and bottom of a pressurized tank, indirect, invasive, continuous measurement Signup and view all the answers

Match the following formulas with their corresponding level measurement methods:

$Area=10 ft^2$ = Content Wt (lb) = Measured Wt (lb) – Tare Wt (lb) $V=2000 lb/37 lbs/ft^3$ = Volume (cubic feet) = $V=2000 lb/37 lbs/ft^3$ $L = 5.405 ft$ = Level (feet) = $L = 5.405 ft^3$ $V = 2.36 ft^3$ = If we used Mercury instead of wheat, with a density of 848 lb/ft3, what would its height be. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions in the context of level measurement:

Content Weight (lbs) = The weight of the material being measured in the vessel Tare Weight (lb) = The empty weight of the vessel Measured Weight (lb) = The total weight of the vessel and its content Density (lbs/ft3) = The mass per unit volume of a substance Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

Bubbler System = One of the oldest types of level measurement, used for liquid and fine powders Constant Differential Pressure Relay = A very accurate regulator used in the Bubbler System Load Cells = Alternative to Mechanical Springs, can be located at the base of the tank or above it Tare Weight = The empty weight of the vessel or tank, subtracted from the measured weight to get the content weight Signup and view all the answers

Match the following equations with their correct interpretations:

$968 = 12 psi \Delta P = Hl - LO$ = Equation for calculating the differential pressure in the Bubbler System $LO = 20psi - 12psi = 8psi$ = Equation for calculating the backpressure in the Bubbler System $27.72$ water is $1$ psi = Conversion factor used in the Bubbler System $\frac{1}{2}$ psi change can represent over $13.85$" of level change = Relationship between pressure change and level change in the Bubbler System Signup and view all the answers

Match the following advantages and disadvantages with the correct level measurement system:

Advantages: Not affected by foaming, conductivity, solids. Reliable because only part in contact with process is a tube. Self clean, Can be used for many different types of processes, such as slurries, corrosive, acidic or radioactive. Cost effective and relatively easy to configure = Bubbler System Disadvantages: Essential to maintain a constant supply pressure. Hole in dip tube. Turbulent process will affect reading = Bubbler System Advantages: Direct measurement, accurate, simple to install and maintain. Independent of process conditions. Can be used for many processes. Can be used for both liquids and solids. Can be used in all types of vessels = Load Cells Disadvantages: High initial cost. Not suitable for high pressure or high temperature applications = Load Cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the following level measurement terms with their correct definitions:

Differential Pressure Method = Method considered indirect and non-invasive Electronic Sensors = Type of level measurement that provides an output signal Mechanical Springs = Used under each leg of a vessel in the Weight Method Nuclear Level Measurement = Method used for measuring levels of liquids and fine powders Signup and view all the answers

Mastering Measurement Methods

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Questions and Answers

Advantages of the Bubbler System include: Not affected by foaming, conductivity, solids. Reliable because only part in contact with process is a ______.

The Bubbler System is used for measuring levels of ______ and fine powders.

Changes in level provide changes in ______ pressure, thus a change in backpressure in the bubbler supply.

Even a ½ psi change can represent over ______ of level change.

In the Weight Method, load cells are located either at the base of the tank, under each leg, or above the tank with the tank suspended from them. They are very ______.

Tare weight is the empty ______ weight.

The ______ weight of the tank is 1500 lbs.

The ______ method is considered indirect and non-invasive.

Mechanical Springs are ______ under each leg of a vessel.

Bathroom scales are an example of ______ springs.

Load Cells are an alternative to ______ Springs.

A ______ cell is a type of transducer.

As the force applied to the load ______ increases, the electrical signal changes proportionally.

Load Cells can be located ______ at the base of the tank or above the tank.

Measured weight is the total weight of the vessel and its ______.

Content Wt(lb) = Measured Wt (lb) – Tare Wt (lb)

Volume (cubic feet) = Density (lbs/ft3) Volume (cubic feet)

Level (feet) = Surface Area (square feet) Area=πr2

A cylindrical tank has an area of 10 ft2 and a height of 8 ft. It has a ______ weight of 1500 lbs. Wheat flour has a density of 37 lbs/ft3.

What is the height (level) of wheat flour in the tank if the tank weighs a total of 3500lbs.

What would the current signal be from the ______.

What is the approximate height of the Wheat flour in the tank.

Area

Content Wt (lb)

Content weight

Question 1

Content Weight (lbs)

Question 1

O/P signal

Question 2

Question 2

Rotational Suppression Method

Nuclear Level Measurement

Nuclear Level Measurement

Electronic Sensors

Electronic Sensors

Electronic Sensors

Differential Pressure Method

Differential Pressure Method

Calibrating DB (in service)

Differential Pressure Method

Differential Pressure Formulas

Differential Pressure Method

Differential Pressure Method

Differential Pressure Method

Match the following weight measurement methods with their key characteristics:

Match the following load cell related terms with their definitions:

Match the following formulas with their corresponding variables:

Match the following level measurement methods with their descriptions:

Match the following formulas with their corresponding level measurement methods:

Match the following terms with their definitions in the context of level measurement:

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

Match the following equations with their correct interpretations:

Match the following advantages and disadvantages with the correct level measurement system:

Match the following level measurement terms with their correct definitions:

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