Asynch 1- Syndesmology, Arthrology and muscles
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Questions and Answers

Which type of joint is found between the bones of the cranium?

  • Suture (correct)
  • Syndesmosis
  • Gomphosis
  • Synchondrosis

    • Which type of joint is held together by fibrous connective tissue?

  • Synovial
  • Fibrous (correct)
  • Suture
  • Cartilaginous

    • Which type of joint has little to no movement?

  • Fibrous
  • Diarthrosis
  • Synarthrosis (correct)
  • Amphiarthrosis

    • Which type of joint is located in the metaphyseal area?

    <p>Synchondrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint is held together by cartilage?

    <p>Cartilaginous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint is known as a synarthrodial joint?

    <p>Gomphosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synovial joints tend to be..

    <p>Diarthrotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint is found between the ulna and radius or fibula and tibia?

    <p>Syndesmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint is often a temporary joint?

    <p>Synchondrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for flexion/extension and adduction/abduction?

    <p>Saddle Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ligaments in joints?

    <p>To stabilize the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are extracapsular ligaments located?

    <p>Separate from the joint capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle tissue is located in the walls of organs?

    <p>Smooth muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of skeletal muscle tissue?

    <p>Movement of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle tissue is voluntary?

    <p>Skeletal muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the direction of pull of a muscle?

    <p>The fiber direction of the muscle belly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synovial fluid in synovial joints?

    <p>To lubricate the joint surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are intra-articular discs found?

    <p>TMJ and sternoclavicular joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens while contracting?

    <p>Eccentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the antagonist muscle in the body?

    <p>To passively elongate or shorten to permit motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a tendon?

    <p>To attach a muscle to the bone, skin, or another muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tendon sheath?

    <p>To wrap around tendons of the muscles at the wrist and ankle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of superficial fascia?

    <p>To provide protection to structures deep to it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a motor nerve?

    <p>To allow the brain to stimulate muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a spinal nerve generally refer to?

    <p>A mixed sensory and motor nerve that comes out of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do cranial nerves innervate?

    <p>The head and neck muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A symphysis is considered...

    <p>Amphiarthrodial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee is considered a....

    <p>Intracapsular ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pivot joint has 1 degree of freedom

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Condyloid joint has 1 degree of freedom

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ball and socket joints are considered ___-axial joints

    Signup and view all the answers

    Intervertebral disks are an example of a...

    <p>Symphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tendon sheaths are filled with synovial fluid

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following joint types with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Suture = Found between the bones of the skull, no movement is produced Syndesmosis = 2 bones are connected by a fibrous connective tissue, some movement will be found Gomphosis = The joint between a tooth and its socket, no movement Synchondrosis = This is a Primary Cartilaginous Joint because the bones are connected by hyaline cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following joint classifications with their correct definitions:

    <p>Synarthrosis = Joint with little to no movement Amphiarthrosis = Joint with some movement Diarthrosis = Freely movable joint Fibrous = Joint held together by fibrous connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following joint types with their correct structural classifications:

    <p>Suture = Synarthrodial joint Syndesmosis = Amphiarthrodial joint Gomphosis = Synarthrodial joint Synchondrosis = Primary Cartilaginous Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of synovial joints with their corresponding degrees of freedom:

    <p>Saddle Joint = 2 degree of freedom Hinge Joint = 1 degree of freedom Pivot Joint = 1 degree of freedom Condyloid Joint = 2 degrees of freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of ligaments with their anatomical relationship to the joint capsule:

    <p>Capsular Ligaments = Blend in with the joint capsule or a thickening of the joint capsule Extracapsular Ligaments = Separate from the joint capsule but stabilize the joint in close proximity to the capsule Intracapsular Ligaments = Found within joint capsules, reinforce the connection between articulating surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following muscle types with their correct definitions:

    <p>Agonist/Prime Mover = Muscle producing a joint motion or maintaining a posture Antagonist = Muscle that has the opposite anatomic action of the agonist Synergist = Muscle that contracts at the same time as the agonist Stabilizer/Fixator/Supporter = Muscles that are active isometrically to keep a limb from moving when the agonist muscle contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of muscular actions with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Isometric = The muscle contracts, produces force, but no gross movement of the muscle occurs (stability) Concentric = The muscle shortens while contracting, producing acceleration of body segments Eccentric = The muscle lengthens while contracting. Eccentric contractions decelerate body segments and provide shock absorption, such as when landing from a jump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following nerve types with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Spinal Nerves = Mixed sensory and motor nerves that come out of the spinal cord and innervate most of the skeletal muscles in our body Cranial Nerves = Nerves that emerge directly from the brain, containing sensory and motor nerve fibers and innervating some of the head and neck muscles Motor Nerves = Nerves that allow the brain to stimulate muscle contraction, exclusively containing the axons of the neurons which innervates skeletal muscles or glands Sensory Nerves = Nerves that receive sensory stimuli, such as how something feels and if it is painful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Primary cartilaginous joints (Synchondrosis) are connected by fibrocartilage

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Joints

    • Joints between cranial bones are classified as fibrous joints.
    • Fibrous joints are held together by fibrous connective tissue.
    • Synarthrodial joints exhibit little to no movement.
    • Joints found in the metaphyseal area are known as epiphyseal joints.
    • Cartilaginous joints are held together by cartilage.
    • Synarthrodial joints are joints that allow no movement.
    • Synovial joints are characterized by a high degree of movement and are crucial for mobility.
    • Joints between the ulna and radius or between the fibula and tibia are classified as syndesmoses.
    • Temporary joints, such as those in growth plates, are often symphyses.
    • Joints allowing for flexion/extension and adduction/abduction include hinge joints and ball-and-socket joints.

    Functions and Components of Joints

    • Ligaments provide stability to joints by connecting bones and restricting excessive movement.
    • Extracapsular ligaments are located outside the joint capsule, providing additional support.
    • Synovial fluid lubricates synovial joints and reduces friction during movement.
    • Intra-articular discs are found within certain synovial joints, helping to cushion and stabilize.
    • The tendon sheath protects tendons and reduces friction, filled with synovial fluid.
    • Superficial fascia supports and provides cushioning between skin and underlying structures.

    Muscle Tissues and Functions

    • Smooth muscle tissue is located in the walls of organs and is involuntary.
    • The primary function of skeletal muscle tissue is to facilitate movement through voluntary contraction.
    • The direction of muscle pull is determined by the arrangement and attachment points of the muscle fibers.
    • The antagonist muscle opposes the action of the agonist muscle, helping control movement.
    • Tendons connect muscles to bones, transmitting the force generated by muscle contractions.

    Nervous System and Motor Functions

    • A motor nerve transmits signals from the nervous system to muscles, initiating movement.
    • A spinal nerve refers to nerves that emerge from the spinal cord and innervate various body regions.
    • Cranial nerves primarily innervate structures in the head and neck, affecting various functions.

    Joint Classifications and Degrees of Freedom

    • Pivot joints and condyloid joints both offer one degree of freedom of movement.
    • Ball and socket joints are classified as multi-axial joints, allowing movement in multiple axes.
    • Intervertebral disks exemplify cartilaginous joints due to their fibrocartilage structure.
    • Primary cartilaginous joints (symphysis) are connected by fibrocartilage, allowing slight movement.

    Additional Facts

    • Tendon sheaths filled with synovial fluid support tendons, preventing friction and wear during movement.

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    BMS Anatomy Asynchronous Lecture 1 Fall 2023 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on joint classification, arthrology, and syndesmology with this quiz based on Dr. Karyn Lumsden's lecture on clinically oriented anatomy. Explore the concepts of joints, ligaments, and movement produced at joints.

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