15 Questions
Which antibody class is best for opsonizing bacteria and viruses?
IgG1
Which antibody class is best for eliminating helminths?
IgE
Isotype switching broadens the functional capabilities of humoral immune responses by changing the heavy-chain isotypes of antibodies. True or False?
True
Which receptor is responsible for the transfer of maternal IgG to the fetus?
FcRn
What is the consequence of isotype switching in the production of IgG antibodies?
Increased half-life in the blood
Which ligand-receptor pair is essential for isotype switching?
CD40-CD40L
What is the cause of X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome?
Mutations in the CD40L gene
Which antibody is the major isotype produced in mucosal lymphoid tissues?
IgA
Which cytokine promotes switching to IgA?
Transforming growth factor (TGF)–β
Which cells are important sources of IgA antibody in mucosal tissues, especially against nonprotein antigens?
B-1 cells
Which enzyme alters nucleotides in the switch regions to allow for immunoglobulin heavy-chain isotype switching?
Activation-induced deaminase (AID)
Which enzyme plays a key role in the switch recombination process?
Activation-induced deaminase (AID)
Which antibody is produced first by B cells?
IgM
Which cytokine stimulates the production of opsonizing IgG antibodies in humans?
Interleukin-10 (IL-10)
Which cell type is activated by IL-5 and plays a role in eliminating helminths?
Eosinophils
Test your knowledge on the production of IgM antibodies and the role of switch regions in B cells. Answer questions on splicing, translation, and the sequence of events leading to the production of the first antibody.
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