Mastering Correlation
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about correlation?

  • It measures the extent to which two variables are related. (correct)
  • It measures the difference between two variables.
  • It measures the pattern of responses across variables.
  • It measures the mean of two variables.
  • What does covariance measure?

  • The pattern of responses across variables.
  • The mean of two variables.
  • The difference between two variables. (correct)
  • The extent to which two variables are related.
  • What does the variance tell us?

  • How scores deviate from the mean for a single variable. (correct)
  • The pattern of responses across variables.
  • The mean of two variables.
  • The difference between two variables.
  • Which of the following statements is true about correlation coefficients?

    <p>Correlation coefficients can only range from -1 to 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the coefficient of determination, R², represent?

    <p>The proportion of variance in one variable shared by the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would we use non-parametric correlations?

    <p>When the data is ordinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a partial correlation measure?

    <p>The relationship between two variables, controlling for the effect of a third variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used to convert a correlation coefficient (r) to a z-score?

    <p>z = r * \sqrt{\frac{n-2}{1-r^2}}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the standard error of a correlation coefficient (SE)?

    <p>SE = \sqrt{\frac{1-r^2}{n-2}}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for testing the difference between two independent correlations?

    <p>z = \frac{r_1 - r_2}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{n_1-3} + \frac{1}{n_2-3}}}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used to calculate the covariance between two variables?

    <p>$\text{cov}(x, y) = N-1 \sum (x_i - x)(y_i - y)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about covariance is true?

    <p>Covariance depends on the units of measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standardized version of covariance called?

    <p>Correlation coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the correlation coefficient?

    <p>$r = \frac{\text{cov}(x, y)}{s_x \cdot s_y}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

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