Mastering Chemistry Flashcards
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Mastering Chemistry Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Identify the compound with ionic bonds.

  • H2O
  • KBr (correct)
  • O2
  • CO
  • Ne

    • Identify the compound with covalent bonds.

  • LiBr
  • CH4 (correct)
  • LiCl
  • Ne
  • Mg

    • Identify the element that chlorine forms an ionic bond with.

  • xenon
  • oxygen
  • carbon
  • sodium (correct)
  • phosphorus

    • An ionic bond is best described as:

    <p>the transfer of electrons from one atom to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A covalent bond is best described as:

    <p>the sharing of electrons between atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the empirical formula for C4H8O2?

    <p>C2H4O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write a possible molecular formula for C4H4O.

    <p>C8H8O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the empirical formula for Hg2(NO)2?

    <p>HgNO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements describes a structural formula?

    <p>A structural formula uses lines to represent covalent bonds and shows how atoms in a molecule connect or bond to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the difference between a molecular formula and an empirical formula.

    <p>Both A and B are correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which set do all elements tend to form anions in binary ionic compounds?

    <p>N, O, I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the compounds C3H8, MgCl2, Zn(NO3)2, OCl2 are expected to exist as molecules?

    <p>C3H8 and OCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an atomic element?

    <p>magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a molecular element?

    <p>sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a molecular compound?

    <p>CHCl3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following exists as a diatomic molecule?

    <p>nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following exists as a polyatomic molecule?

    <p>phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an ionic compound?

    <p>LiCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a molecular compound?

    <p>N2O4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the name for Ca3(PO4)2.

    <p>calcium phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the difference between an atomic element and a molecular element.

    <p>H, N, and As are some examples of atomic elements. H2, N2, and As4 are some examples of molecular elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the element whose ion only exists as 2+.

    <p>magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which set do all elements tend to form cations in binary ionic compounds?

    <p>Mg, Cr, Pb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the formula for the compound formed between aluminum and sulfur.

    <p>Al2S3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give the formula for sodium chromate.

    <p>Na2CrO4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for iron(II) hydrogen phosphate?

    <p>FeHPO4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the name for PbS.

    <p>lead(II) sulfide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Li2O is named:

    <p>lithium oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give the name for NaHSO3.

    <p>sodium hydrogen sulfite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the difference between ionic and molecular compounds.

    <p>Both A and B are correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the name for Sn(SO4)2.

    <p>tin (IV) sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give the correct formula for aluminum sulfate.

    <p>Al2(SO4)3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An aqueous solution of HI is named as:

    <p>hydroiodic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical formula for sulfurous acid is:

    <p>H2SO3(aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Determine the name for aqueous HBr.

    <p>hydrobromic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give the name for PBr3.

    <p>phosphorus tribromide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical name for HNO2?

    <p>nitrous acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give the name for H2CO3.

    <p>carbonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give the name for P4O10.

    <p>tetraphosphorus decoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The correct name for P2O5 is:

    <p>diphosphorus pentoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ionic and Covalent Bonds

    • KBr is an example of a compound with ionic bonds.
    • CH4 is identified as a compound with covalent bonds.
    • Chlorine typically forms ionic bonds with sodium.

    Definitions of Bonds

    • An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
    • A covalent bond is defined as the sharing of electrons between atoms.

    Empirical and Molecular Formulas

    • The empirical formula for C4H8O2 is C2H4O.
    • A possible molecular formula for C4H4O is C8H8O2.
    • The empirical formula for Hg2(NO)2 is HgNO3, while its molecular formula is Hg2(NO3)2.

    Structural Formulas and Element Types

    • A structural formula utilizes lines to represent covalent bonds, illustrating how atoms in a molecule connect.
    • Atomic elements, such as magnesium, consist of single atoms.
    • Molecular elements, like sulfur, are formed from multiple atoms (e.g., S8).

    Compound Classification

    • C3H8 and OCl2 are expected to exist as molecular compounds.
    • An example of an ionic compound is LiCl, while CHCl3 is classified as a molecular compound.
    • N2O4 is also a molecular compound, contrasting with ionic compounds like CuF2.

    Naming Compounds

    • Calcium phosphate refers to the compound Ca3(PO4)2.
    • PbS is named lead(II) sulfide.
    • Sodium chromate is represented as Na2CrO4.

    Acids and Other Nomenclature

    • Hydroiodic acid is the aqueous solution of HI.
    • The chemical formula for sulfurous acid is H2SO3.
    • Nitrous acid corresponds to HNO2.

    Compound and Ion Formation

    • Magnesium typically forms ions with a +2 charge.
    • Elements in the N, O, I group generally form anions, while Mg, Cr, Pb are known to form cations in binary ionic compounds.

    Formulas and Structural Representation

    • The formula for the compound formed between aluminum and sulfur is Al2S3.
    • Aluminum sulfate is designated as Al2(SO4)3.
    • PBr3 is named phosphorus tribromide, reflecting its molecular structure.

    Additional Notes on Chemical Properties

    • The correct name for P2O5 is diphosphorus pentoxide, while tetraphosphorus decoxide describes P4O10.
    • H2CO3 is commonly referred to as carbonic acid.

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    Test your knowledge of chemical bonds with this set of flashcards focused on identifying ionic and covalent compounds. Dive into the characteristics of ionic bonds and see how elements interact with chlorine. Improve your understanding of basic chemistry concepts and terminology.

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