Mastering A&P - Ch.20 Overview Quiz

Questions and Answers

Where are the three large clusters of superficial lymph nodes located?

The cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions

Which tonsil is located in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx and is referred to as the adenoids if it is enlarged?

pharyngeal tonsil

Functions of the spleen include all of those below EXCEPT ________.

forming crypts that trap bacteria

What anatomical area(s) is/are protected by the tubal tonsils?

the passage from the pharynx to the middle ear Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following mechanisms is NOT used to propel lymph through lymphatic vessels?

small, heart-like pumps Signup and view all the answers

Lymph from the right leg ultimately is delivered to which duct in the thoracic region?

thoracic duct Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the origin of lymph fluid?

Lymph is excess tissue fluid formed from plasma that has leaked from capillaries Signup and view all the answers

When the lymphatic structures of a limb are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________.

severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement about lymphocytes.

B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.

True Signup and view all the answers

Small secondary lymphoid organs, which cluster along lymphatic vessels, are termed ________.

lymph nodes Signup and view all the answers

Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________.

efferent lymphatic vessels Signup and view all the answers

Flow of lymph through a lymph node is slowed due to ________.

fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the spleen is its primary site of immune function?

white pulp Signup and view all the answers

The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________.

lingual tonsils Signup and view all the answers

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter.

tonsillar crypts Signup and view all the answers

The thymus is most active during ________.

childhood Signup and view all the answers

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does NOT ________.

directly fight antigens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a lymph node function?

to filter blood Signup and view all the answers

What causes the increased size of an activated cervical lymph node during infection?

lymphocyte division Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Superficial Lymph Nodes

Three major clusters are located in the cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions.
These clusters protect major body areas and form where lymphatic vessels merge into trunks.

Pharyngeal Tonsil

Positioned in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
Enlarged pharyngeal tonsils are known as adenoids.

Spleen Functions

Functions include storage of iron and blood platelets, and removal of old/defective blood cells.
The spleen does not form crypts for trapping bacteria.

Tubal Tonsils

Surround the auditory tube passages from the pharynx to the middle ear.
Help equalize pressure behind the tympanic membrane.

Propulsion of Lymph

Lymph movement is driven by gravity, pulmonary motion, and the muscular milking action.
No direct pumping by heart-like structures occurs in the lymphatic system.

Thoracic Duct

Collects lymph from the entire body below the diaphragm for entry into venous circulation.

Origin of Lymph Fluid

Derived from excess tissue fluid formed when plasma leaks from capillaries.
Approximately 3 liters daily is collected as lymph from interstitial fluid.

Limb Blockage Effects

Blocking lymphatic structures due to tumors results in severe localized edema distal to the blockage.

Lymphocytes

B cells are responsible for producing plasma cells that secrete antibodies into the bloodstream.

Lymph Nodes

Secondary lymphoid organs situated along lymphatic vessels.
Lymph exits nodes through efferent lymphatic vessels, with flow slowed by fewer efferent than afferent vessels.

Spleen Immune Function

White pulp is the key site for immune functions, rich in lymphocytes that cleanse blood and enhance immune response.

Lingual Tonsils

Located at the base of the tongue.

Tonsillar Crypts

Blind-ended structures in tonsils that serve to trap bacteria and particulate matter.

Thymus Activity

Most active during childhood, involved in lymphocyte development.

Thymus Characteristics

Unique among lymphoid organs as it does not directly fight antigens.

Lymph Node Functions

Functions do not include filtering blood; instead, they transport lymph, combat infection, and house immune cells.

Activated Cervical Lymph Nodes

Increased size during infections is due to the division of lymphocytes.

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Description

Test your knowledge with this end-of-chapter review quiz focusing on key concepts from Chapter 20 of Anatomy & Physiology. Explore the locations and functions of lymph nodes and tonsils in the human body. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of the lymphatic system.