Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
- N(N + 1)/2
- N(N – 1)
- N(N – 1)/2 (correct)
- N(N + 1)
What is the value of N if N(N – 1)/2 = 499500?
What is the value of N if N(N – 1)/2 = 499500?
- 1001
- 1000 (correct)
- 1002
- 999
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
- To connect users on demand
- To solve the N2 problem
- To move the N2 problem inside the router/switch
- To switch packets from inputs to outputs (correct)
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
What type of communication is used when two computers in the same room need to communicate?
What type of communication is used when two computers in the same room need to communicate?
What is the purpose of packet switching in computer networking?
What is the purpose of packet switching in computer networking?
What is the main function of the header in a packet?
What is the main function of the header in a packet?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the layered architecture in computer networking?
What is the layered architecture in computer networking?
What is the N2 problem in computer networking?
What is the N2 problem in computer networking?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the network edge in a computer network?
What is the network edge in a computer network?
What is the network core in a computer network?
What is the network core in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the end-to-end delay for packet transmission in a network with a transmission rate of $R$ bps and packet size of $L$ bits?
What is the end-to-end delay for packet transmission in a network with a transmission rate of $R$ bps and packet size of $L$ bits?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay (dnodal)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay (dnodal)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay (dprop)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay (dprop)?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What does jitter refer to in the context of packet delay?
What does jitter refer to in the context of packet delay?
What happens if a packet arrives at a full queue?
What happens if a packet arrives at a full queue?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What happens if a packet arrives at a full queue?
What happens if a packet arrives at a full queue?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay (dnodal)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay (dnodal)?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
What is the purpose of packet switching in computer networking?
What is the purpose of packet switching in computer networking?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the value of N if $N(N - 1)/2 = 499500$?
What is the value of N if $N(N - 1)/2 = 499500$?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is the definition of throughput?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a router?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a router?
What does the term 'jitter' refer to in the context of packet delay?
What does the term 'jitter' refer to in the context of packet delay?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
Which type of communication is used when two computers in the same room need to communicate?
Which type of communication is used when two computers in the same room need to communicate?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the purpose of packet switching in computer networking?
What is the purpose of packet switching in computer networking?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the advantage of layering in computer networks?
What is the advantage of layering in computer networks?
Which of the following is NOT one of the layers mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the layers mentioned in the text?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a router?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a router?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$)?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is the definition of throughput?
What does the term 'jitter' refer to in the context of packet delay?
What does the term 'jitter' refer to in the context of packet delay?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the layers mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the layers mentioned in the text?
Which organization is responsible for developing Internet standards?
Which organization is responsible for developing Internet standards?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the end-to-end delay in a packet-switched network?
What is the formula for calculating the end-to-end delay in a packet-switched network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
Which layer of the network is responsible for routing packets to the destination?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$)?
What does the term 'jitter' refer to in the context of packet delay?
What does the term 'jitter' refer to in the context of packet delay?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a router?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a router?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is a reason why computer networking is necessary?
Which of the following is a reason why computer networking is necessary?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
Which formula represents the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What is the solution to the network overload problem?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
Which of the following is a reason why we need computer networking?
Which of the following is NOT one of the layers mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the layers mentioned in the text?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity?
What is the definition of throughput?
What is the definition of throughput?
What does jitter refer to in the context of packet delay?
What does jitter refer to in the context of packet delay?
Which of the following is one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is one of the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What happens if a packet arrives at a full queue?
What happens if a packet arrives at a full queue?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet-switching in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$)?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
What is one of the performance criteria mentioned in the text?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the network edge in a computer network?
What is the network edge in a computer network?
What is the definition of throughput in a computer network?
What is the definition of throughput in a computer network?
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: Switches and routers use special network devices to connect users on demand.
True or false: Switches and routers use special network devices to connect users on demand.
True or false: Packet switching involves statistical multiplexing on router output ports.
True or false: Packet switching involves statistical multiplexing on router output ports.
True or false: Adding a checksum can solve the problem of data corruption in a network.
True or false: Adding a checksum can solve the problem of data corruption in a network.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Fragmenting data across packets can help solve the problem of different data and packet sizes.
True or false: Fragmenting data across packets can help solve the problem of different data and packet sizes.
True or false: Adding sequence numbers can solve the issue of data being out of order in a network.
True or false: Adding sequence numbers can solve the issue of data being out of order in a network.
True or false: Computer networking is only necessary when computers are in the same physical location.
True or false: Computer networking is only necessary when computers are in the same physical location.
True or false: The computer network should be transparent to the application.
True or false: The computer network should be transparent to the application.
True or false: Packets are transmitted one by one using the full link bandwidth.
True or false: Packets are transmitted one by one using the full link bandwidth.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: Point-to-point communication between two computers in the same room can be achieved using a cross cable.
True or false: Point-to-point communication between two computers in the same room can be achieved using a cross cable.
True or false: The number of cables required for N computers to communicate with each other is proportional to N^2.
True or false: The number of cables required for N computers to communicate with each other is proportional to N^2.
True or false: The N^2 problem refers to the exponential increase in the number of required cables as the number of computers increases.
True or false: The N^2 problem refers to the exponential increase in the number of required cables as the number of computers increases.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the memory fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the memory fills up.
True or false: The transmission delay and propagation delay are always equal.
True or false: The transmission delay and propagation delay are always equal.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity is close to 0.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity is close to 0.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: A packet arriving to a full buffer is always retransmitted.
True or false: A packet arriving to a full buffer is always retransmitted.
True or false: Throughput is the rate at which bits are transferred between sender and receiver over a given period of time.
True or false: Throughput is the rate at which bits are transferred between sender and receiver over a given period of time.
True or false: Bounded delay, small packet-loss probability, and maximum throughput are examples of performance criteria in computer networks.
True or false: Bounded delay, small packet-loss probability, and maximum throughput are examples of performance criteria in computer networks.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: The packet loss ratio is related to the high-class traffic.
True or false: The packet loss ratio is related to the high-class traffic.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: Protocols define the format, order of messages, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt among network entities.
True or false: Protocols define the format, order of messages, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt among network entities.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers and is responsible for high-speed data transfer.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers and is responsible for high-speed data transfer.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: The end-to-end delay in packet-switching is calculated using the formula 2L/R, where L is the size of the packet in bits and R is the transmission rate in bits per second.
True or false: The end-to-end delay in packet-switching is calculated using the formula 2L/R, where L is the size of the packet in bits and R is the transmission rate in bits per second.
True or false: Store-and-forward packet switching requires the entire packet to arrive at a router before it can be transmitted to the next link.
True or false: Store-and-forward packet switching requires the entire packet to arrive at a router before it can be transmitted to the next link.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected hosts.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected hosts.
True or false: Protocols define the format and order of messages sent and received among network entities.
True or false: Protocols define the format and order of messages sent and received among network entities.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using forwarding algorithms.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using forwarding algorithms.
True or false: Packet-switching involves transmitting data in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves transmitting data in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: In virtual circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: In virtual circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: Computer networking is necessary when computers are in different physical locations.
True or false: Computer networking is necessary when computers are in different physical locations.
True or false: The purpose of protocols in a computer network is to define the format, order of messages, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt among network entities.
True or false: The purpose of protocols in a computer network is to define the format, order of messages, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt among network entities.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1500 bytes.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1500 bytes.
True or false: The transmission delay and propagation delay are always equal.
True or false: The transmission delay and propagation delay are always equal.
True or false: Packets are transmitted one by one using the full link bandwidth.
True or false: Packets are transmitted one by one using the full link bandwidth.
True or false: A packet arriving to a full buffer is always retransmitted.
True or false: A packet arriving to a full buffer is always retransmitted.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N-1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N-1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: Switches and routers are used to connect users on demand, and only require N connections.
True or false: Switches and routers are used to connect users on demand, and only require N connections.
True or false: Packet-switching involves packets arriving on different ports and statistical multiplexing on router output ports.
True or false: Packet-switching involves packets arriving on different ports and statistical multiplexing on router output ports.
True or false: The solution to the network overload problem is buffering and congestion control.
True or false: The solution to the network overload problem is buffering and congestion control.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1.5 kilobytes.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1.5 kilobytes.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and simplification of complex systems.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and simplification of complex systems.
True or false: Each layer in a network relies on services from the layer below and exports services to the layer above.
True or false: Each layer in a network relies on services from the layer below and exports services to the layer above.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate, packets can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate, packets can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: The transmission delay is calculated by dividing the packet length by the link bandwidth.
True or false: The transmission delay is calculated by dividing the packet length by the link bandwidth.
True or false: The propagation delay is calculated by dividing the length of the physical link by the propagation speed.
True or false: The propagation delay is calculated by dividing the length of the physical link by the propagation speed.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity is close to 0.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity is close to 0.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: The end-to-end delay in packet-switching is calculated using the formula 2L/R, where L is the size of the packet in bits and R is the transmission rate in bits per second.
True or false: The end-to-end delay in packet-switching is calculated using the formula 2L/R, where L is the size of the packet in bits and R is the transmission rate in bits per second.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Protocols define the format, order of messages, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt among network entities.
True or false: Protocols define the format, order of messages, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt among network entities.
True or false: Computer networking is necessary when computers are in different physical locations.
True or false: Computer networking is necessary when computers are in different physical locations.
True or false: The N^2 problem refers to the exponential increase in the number of required cables as the number of computers increases.
True or false: The N^2 problem refers to the exponential increase in the number of required cables as the number of computers increases.
True or false: Store-and-forward packet switching requires the entire packet to arrive at a router before it can be transmitted to the next link.
True or false: Store-and-forward packet switching requires the entire packet to arrive at a router before it can be transmitted to the next link.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the memory fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the memory fills up.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: Packet-switching involves transmitting data in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves transmitting data in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: Switching requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: Switching requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: Switches and routers use special network devices to connect users on demand.
True or false: Switches and routers use special network devices to connect users on demand.
True or false: Packet-switching involves packets arriving on different ports and statistical multiplexing on router output ports.
True or false: Packet-switching involves packets arriving on different ports and statistical multiplexing on router output ports.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1.5kbytes.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1.5kbytes.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and eases maintenance and updating of the system.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and eases maintenance and updating of the system.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: Adding a checksum can solve the problem of data corruption in a network.
True or false: Adding a checksum can solve the problem of data corruption in a network.
True or false: The Internet is composed of billions of connected computing devices.
True or false: The Internet is composed of billions of connected computing devices.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: In virtual circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: In virtual circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: Store-and-forward packet switching requires the entire packet to arrive at a router before it can be transmitted to the next link.
True or false: Store-and-forward packet switching requires the entire packet to arrive at a router before it can be transmitted to the next link.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and simplification of complex systems.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and simplification of complex systems.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the memory fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the memory fills up.
True or false: The formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$) is $d_{nodal} = d_{proc} + d_{queue} + d_{trans} + d_{prop}$.
True or false: The formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$) is $d_{nodal} = d_{proc} + d_{queue} + d_{trans} + d_{prop}$.
True or false: The formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) is $d_{trans} = \frac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) is $d_{trans} = \frac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) is $d_{prop} = \frac{d}{s}$, where $d$ is the length of the physical link and $s$ is the propagation speed in the medium.
True or false: The formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) is $d_{prop} = \frac{d}{s}$, where $d$ is the length of the physical link and $s$ is the propagation speed in the medium.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity ($La/R$) is close to 0.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity ($La/R$) is close to 0.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Packets arriving to a full buffer are lost.
True or false: Packets arriving to a full buffer are lost.
True or false: The throughput is the rate at which bits are transferred between sender and receiver.
True or false: The throughput is the rate at which bits are transferred between sender and receiver.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Layering allows for explicit structure and modularization in complex systems.
True or false: Layering allows for explicit structure and modularization in complex systems.
True or false: Each network layer relies on services from the layer below and exports services to the layer above.
True or false: Each network layer relies on services from the layer below and exports services to the layer above.
True or false: A change in the implementation of a layer's service affects the rest of the system.
True or false: A change in the implementation of a layer's service affects the rest of the system.
True or false: The solution to the data corruption problem is adding a checksum.
True or false: The solution to the data corruption problem is adding a checksum.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1.5 kilobytes.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1.5 kilobytes.
True or false: The solution to the network overload problem is buffering and congestion control.
True or false: The solution to the network overload problem is buffering and congestion control.
True or false: The N^2 problem refers to the exponential increase in the number of required cables as the number of computers increases.
True or false: The N^2 problem refers to the exponential increase in the number of required cables as the number of computers increases.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: In virtual circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: In virtual circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate, packets can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate, packets can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and eases maintenance and updating of the system.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and eases maintenance and updating of the system.
True or false: Computer networking is only necessary when computers are in the same physical location.
True or false: Computer networking is only necessary when computers are in the same physical location.
True or false: Adding sequence numbers can solve the issue of data being out of order in a network.
True or false: Adding sequence numbers can solve the issue of data being out of order in a network.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: The formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$) is $d_{nodal} = d_{proc} + d_{queue} + d_{trans} + d_{prop}$.
True or false: The formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$) is $d_{nodal} = d_{proc} + d_{queue} + d_{trans} + d_{prop}$.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets will queue and can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets will queue and can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: The formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$) is $d_{proc} + d_{queue} + d_{trans} + d_{prop}$.
True or false: The formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$) is $d_{proc} + d_{queue} + d_{trans} + d_{prop}$.
True or false: The transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network can be calculated using the formula $d_{trans} = rac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network can be calculated using the formula $d_{trans} = rac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a network can be calculated using the formula $d_{prop} = rac{d}{s}$, where $d$ is the length of the physical link and $s$ is the propagation speed in the medium.
True or false: The propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a network can be calculated using the formula $d_{prop} = rac{d}{s}$, where $d$ is the length of the physical link and $s$ is the propagation speed in the medium.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity ($rac{La}{R}$) is close to 0.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity ($rac{La}{R}$) is close to 0.
True or false: Packet loss can occur when a packet arrives at a full buffer.
True or false: Packet loss can occur when a packet arrives at a full buffer.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1500 bytes.
True or false: The maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet is 1500 bytes.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and eases maintenance and updating of the system.
True or false: Layering in computer networks allows for modularization and eases maintenance and updating of the system.
True or false: Computer networking is necessary when we want to exchange information between remote locations that are not at the same physical location.
True or false: Computer networking is necessary when we want to exchange information between remote locations that are not at the same physical location.
True or false: The purpose of a computer network is to enable the running of distributed applications with different needs on different network devices.
True or false: The purpose of a computer network is to enable the running of distributed applications with different needs on different network devices.
True or false: In computer networking, the computer network should be transparent to the applications.
True or false: In computer networking, the computer network should be transparent to the applications.
True or false: Packet switching involves transmitting data in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet switching involves transmitting data in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: In a computer network, the purpose of routers is to determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: In a computer network, the purpose of routers is to determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet is a network of interconnected ISPs.
True or false: The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is responsible for developing Internet standards.
True or false: The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is responsible for developing Internet standards.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: In circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: In circuit switching, a dedicated circuit is established for each call.
True or false: The network core consists of interconnected routers.
True or false: The network core consists of interconnected routers.
True or false: The end-to-end delay in packet-switching is calculated using the formula $2L/R$, where $L$ is the size of the packet in bits and $R$ is the transmission rate in bits per second.
True or false: The end-to-end delay in packet-switching is calculated using the formula $2L/R$, where $L$ is the size of the packet in bits and $R$ is the transmission rate in bits per second.
True or false: The transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network can be calculated using the formula $d_{trans} = rac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network can be calculated using the formula $d_{trans} = rac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets will queue and can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: If the arrival rate to a link exceeds the transmission rate for a period of time, packets will queue and can be dropped if the buffer fills up.
True or false: The transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network can be calculated using the formula $d_{trans} = rac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network can be calculated using the formula $d_{trans} = rac{L}{R}$, where $L$ is the packet length (in bits) and $R$ is the link bandwidth (in bps).
True or false: The propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a network can be calculated using the formula $d_{prop} = rac{d}{s}$, where $d$ is the length of the physical link and $s$ is the propagation speed in the medium.
True or false: The propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a network can be calculated using the formula $d_{prop} = rac{d}{s}$, where $d$ is the length of the physical link and $s$ is the propagation speed in the medium.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity ($rac{La}{R}$) is close to 0.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity ($rac{La}{R}$) is close to 0.
True or false: Packet loss can occur when a packet arrives at a full buffer.
True or false: Packet loss can occur when a packet arrives at a full buffer.
True or false: Throughput refers to the rate at which bits are transferred between sender and receiver.
True or false: Throughput refers to the rate at which bits are transferred between sender and receiver.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: Jitter refers to the delay variation of packets due to changing network conditions.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: The network core is composed of interconnected routers.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: Quality of Service (QoS) refers to service differentiation among classes of traffic.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N-1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N-1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: Switches and routers use special network devices to connect users on demand.
True or false: Switches and routers use special network devices to connect users on demand.
True or false: Adding a checksum can solve the problem of data corruption in a network.
True or false: Adding a checksum can solve the problem of data corruption in a network.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Buffering and congestion control can address the problem of network overload.
True or false: Fragmenting data across packets can help solve the problem of different data and packet sizes.
True or false: Fragmenting data across packets can help solve the problem of different data and packet sizes.
True or false: Adding sequence numbers can solve the issue of data being out of order in a network.
True or false: Adding sequence numbers can solve the issue of data being out of order in a network.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: Statistical multiplexing allows for multiple packets to access the link at the same time.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: The N2 problem requires N(N – 1)/2 connections for N users to be fully connected directly.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity is close to 0.
True or false: The average queueing delay is small when the traffic intensity is close to 0.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Routers determine the source-destination route taken by packets using routing algorithms.
True or false: Computer networking is only necessary when computers are in the same physical location.
True or false: Computer networking is only necessary when computers are in the same physical location.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: Packet-switching involves sending data through the network in discrete chunks called packets.
True or false: The transmission delay and propagation delay are always equal.
True or false: The transmission delay and propagation delay are always equal.
True or false: Each layer in a network relies on services from the layer below and exports services to the layer above.
True or false: Each layer in a network relies on services from the layer below and exports services to the layer above.
What is the formula for calculating the maximum number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly in a network?
What is the formula for calculating the maximum number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly in a network?
What is the purpose of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the purpose of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem in a network?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem in a network?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the purpose of layering in computer networks?
What is the purpose of layering in computer networks?
What are the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What are the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay in a network?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay in a network?
What are the four sources of packet delay in a computer network?
What are the four sources of packet delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity in a computer network?
What is the purpose of buffering in a computer network?
What is the purpose of buffering in a computer network?
What is the purpose of quality of service (QoS) in a computer network?
What is the purpose of quality of service (QoS) in a computer network?
What is the purpose of routers in a computer network?
What is the purpose of routers in a computer network?
What is the advantage of layering in computer networks?
What is the advantage of layering in computer networks?
Why do we need computer networking?
Why do we need computer networking?
What are the three sources that generate data in a single network interface?
What are the three sources that generate data in a single network interface?
What is the purpose of packet switching in a computer network?
What is the purpose of packet switching in a computer network?
How would you make two computers communicate if they are in the same room?
How would you make two computers communicate if they are in the same room?
How many cables do you need for three computers to communicate with each other?
How many cables do you need for three computers to communicate with each other?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the main function of routers in a network?
What is the N2 problem?
What is the N2 problem?
What is the purpose of layering in a computer network?
What is the purpose of layering in a computer network?
What is the role of protocols in a computer network?
What is the role of protocols in a computer network?
What is packet switching and how does it work?
What is packet switching and how does it work?
What is the difference between circuit switching and packet switching?
What is the difference between circuit switching and packet switching?
What are the advantages of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What are the advantages of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the role of routers in a computer network?
What is the role of routers in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the maximum number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the formula for calculating the maximum number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the purpose of a router or switch in a network?
What is the purpose of a router or switch in a network?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem in a network?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem in a network?
What is the purpose of buffering and congestion control in a network?
What is the purpose of buffering and congestion control in a network?
What is the purpose of fragmentation in a network?
What is the purpose of fragmentation in a network?
What is the solution to the out-of-order data problem in a network?
What is the solution to the out-of-order data problem in a network?
What is the purpose of layering in computer networking?
What is the purpose of layering in computer networking?
What are the advantages of computer networking?
What are the advantages of computer networking?
What is the role of a computer network?
What is the role of a computer network?
What are the basic principles of computer networking?
What are the basic principles of computer networking?
What is packet switching?
What is packet switching?
What is the purpose of a network in exchanging information?
What is the purpose of a network in exchanging information?
How many cables are needed for three computers to communicate with each other?
How many cables are needed for three computers to communicate with each other?
What is the concept of statistical multiplexing?
What is the concept of statistical multiplexing?
What are the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What are the four sources of packet delay mentioned in the text?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the total nodal delay ($d_{nodal}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$)?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the formula for calculating the average queueing delay?
What is the relationship between traffic intensity and average queueing delay?
What is the relationship between traffic intensity and average queueing delay?
What is the definition of jitter in the context of packet delay?
What is the definition of jitter in the context of packet delay?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a computer network?
What is the purpose of a buffer in a computer network?
What is the maximum throughput in a computer network?
What is the maximum throughput in a computer network?
What is the purpose of address addressing at each layer in a computer network?
What is the purpose of address addressing at each layer in a computer network?
What is the Internet?
What is the Internet?
What is the infrastructure provided by the Internet?
What is the infrastructure provided by the Internet?
What is the network core composed of?
What is the network core composed of?
What are the different types of switching used in computer networks?
What are the different types of switching used in computer networks?
What is the end-to-end delay in packet-switching?
What is the end-to-end delay in packet-switching?
What is the purpose of routers in a computer network?
What is the purpose of routers in a computer network?
What are the three types of addressing used in computer networks?
What are the three types of addressing used in computer networks?
What is the Internet?
What is the Internet?
What is the purpose of the Internet infrastructure?
What is the purpose of the Internet infrastructure?
What are the components of the Internet's network topology?
What are the components of the Internet's network topology?
What is the role of protocols in computer networks?
What is the role of protocols in computer networks?
What is the difference between packet switching and circuit switching?
What is the difference between packet switching and circuit switching?
What is the purpose of routers in a computer network?
What is the purpose of routers in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the formula for calculating the number of connections required for N users to be fully connected directly?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the purpose of switch fabric in switches and routers?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the purpose of buffering and congestion control in network overload?
What is the purpose of buffering and congestion control in network overload?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem?
What is the solution to the data corruption problem?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of layering in network functionality?
What is the purpose of layering in network functionality?
What is the role of protocols in computer networks?
What is the role of protocols in computer networks?
What is the purpose of the Internet infrastructure?
What is the purpose of the Internet infrastructure?
What is the difference between circuit switching and packet switching?
What is the difference between circuit switching and packet switching?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the advantage of statistical multiplexing in packet transmission?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay ($d_{trans}$) in a packet-switched network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a packet-switched network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay ($d_{prop}$) in a packet-switched network?
What are the advantages of computer networking?
What are the advantages of computer networking?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the purpose of routers in a network?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the maximum size of an IP packet on Ethernet?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay (dtrans)?
How many cables do you need for three computers to communicate with each other?
How many cables do you need for three computers to communicate with each other?
What is the role of protocols in a computer network?
What is the role of protocols in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What is the purpose of access networks in a computer network?
What are the four sources of packet delay in a computer network?
What are the four sources of packet delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the nodal delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the nodal delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the transmission delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the propagation delay in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity in a computer network?
What is the formula for calculating the traffic intensity in a computer network?
What is the relationship between traffic intensity and average queueing delay in a computer network?
What is the relationship between traffic intensity and average queueing delay in a computer network?
What is the purpose of buffering in a computer network?
What is the purpose of buffering in a computer network?
What is the definition of jitter in a computer network?
What is the definition of jitter in a computer network?
What is the purpose of throughput in a computer network?
What is the purpose of throughput in a computer network?
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