Master the Hardy-Weinberg Equation
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Questions and Answers

Which process causes traits that enhance survival or reproduction to increase in frequency over time?

  • Adaptive evolution
  • The founder effect
  • Genetic drift
  • Natural selection (correct)
  • What is genetic drift?

  • The process where genetic variation is reduced through loss of alleles
  • The process where traits that enhance survival or reproduction increase in frequency over time
  • The process where allele frequencies fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next (correct)
  • The process where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population
  • How does genetic drift affect genetic variation?

  • It has no effect on genetic variation
  • It stabilizes genetic variation
  • It reduces genetic variation through loss of alleles (correct)
  • It increases genetic variation through the introduction of new alleles
  • What is the founder effect?

    <p>The process where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can allele frequencies in the founder population be different from the parent population?

    <p>Due to chance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the increase in frequency of alleles that enhance survival or reproduction?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the increase in frequency of alleles that enhance survival or reproduction?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process reduces genetic variation through loss of alleles?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process where allele frequencies fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population?

    <p>The founder effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what is the frequency of the dominant allele in the population?

    <p>0.99</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of carriers for PKU in the U.S. population?

    <p>0.0198</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can alter allele frequencies in a population through the process of natural selection?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which natural selection alters allele frequencies?

    <p>Differential success in reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate frequency of PKU occurrence in the population?

    <p>1 per 10,000 births</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of the recessive allele in the population?

    <p>0.01</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor can alter allele frequencies in a population through random sampling effects?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the increase in frequency of an allele due to its advantage in surviving exposure to DDT pesticide?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major factors can alter allele frequencies and bring about most evolutionary change?

    <p>Natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of carriers for PKU in the U.S. population, approximately?

    <p>2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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