Master the Hardy-Weinberg Equation
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Questions and Answers

Which process causes traits that enhance survival or reproduction to increase in frequency over time?

  • Adaptive evolution
  • The founder effect
  • Genetic drift
  • Natural selection (correct)

What is genetic drift?

  • The process where genetic variation is reduced through loss of alleles
  • The process where traits that enhance survival or reproduction increase in frequency over time
  • The process where allele frequencies fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next (correct)
  • The process where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population

How does genetic drift affect genetic variation?

  • It has no effect on genetic variation
  • It stabilizes genetic variation
  • It reduces genetic variation through loss of alleles (correct)
  • It increases genetic variation through the introduction of new alleles

What is the founder effect?

<p>The process where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can allele frequencies in the founder population be different from the parent population?

<p>Due to chance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the increase in frequency of alleles that enhance survival or reproduction?

<p>Natural selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the increase in frequency of alleles that enhance survival or reproduction?

<p>Natural selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process reduces genetic variation through loss of alleles?

<p>Genetic drift (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process where allele frequencies fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next?

<p>Genetic drift (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population?

<p>The founder effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what is the frequency of the dominant allele in the population?

<p>0.99 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of carriers for PKU in the U.S. population?

<p>0.0198 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can alter allele frequencies in a population through the process of natural selection?

<p>Mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which natural selection alters allele frequencies?

<p>Differential success in reproduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate frequency of PKU occurrence in the population?

<p>1 per 10,000 births (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of the recessive allele in the population?

<p>0.01 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can alter allele frequencies in a population through random sampling effects?

<p>Genetic drift (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the increase in frequency of an allele due to its advantage in surviving exposure to DDT pesticide?

<p>Natural selection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major factors can alter allele frequencies and bring about most evolutionary change?

<p>Natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of carriers for PKU in the U.S. population, approximately?

<p>2% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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