CS131 Week 1 and Week 2

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Questions and Answers

Which programming language was UNIX initially written in?

  • BCPL
  • PDP-11/20
  • Assembly (correct)
  • C

What is one of the main advantages of UNIX?

  • It is not compatible with different types of computing hardware.
  • It allows many users to run many programs at the same time. (correct)
  • It supports only one user at a time.
  • It is not open source.

Which programming language was UNIX rewritten in and enhanced in 1973?

  • BCPL
  • PDP-11/20
  • C (correct)
  • Assembly

Which command in vi is used to delete a character?

<p>x (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command in vi is used to yank (copy) the current line?

<p>yy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command in vi is used to paste the most recent deleted or yanked text below the current line?

<p>p (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the command 'wc -l searchfile.txt' do?

<p>Prints the line count (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to display the contents of a file in a pager format, allowing you to browse through the file?

<p>less (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to display the beginning (or top) portion of a file?

<p>head (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to display the last 10 lines of a file?

<p>tail -10 filename (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to edit a file with the vi editor?

<p>vi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the role of the kernel in an operating system?

<p>It is like the brain of the boss, talking directly to the hardware, controlling how programs use the computer's resources, and keeping everything organized and safe. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the shell in an operating system?

<p>It provides an interface for running other applications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the purpose of the system call interface in an operating system?

<p>It is like the brain of the boss, talking directly to the hardware, controlling how programs use the computer's resources, and keeping everything organized and safe. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which statement about the UNIX kernel is true?

<p>The UNIX kernel is a large C program that implements a general interface to a computer for writing programs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symbol is used to reference the contents of a variable in shell scripting?

<p>$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to set the value of a variable in shell scripting?

<p>echo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an exit code of 0 mean in shell scripting?

<p>The program terminated successfully (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language is used to write the Unix operating system itself?

<p>C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the C Standard Library?

<p>A set of functions used by C programs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a shell?

<p>A computer program that presents a command line interface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used shell in Linux?

<p>Bash (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was UNIX initially written in?

<p>Assembly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main advantages of UNIX?

<p>Multi-user and multi-tasking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the purpose of the system call interface in an operating system?

<p>To provide a generic interface to different types of computing hardware (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command in vi is used to delete a line?

<p>dd (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'yy' command in vi?

<p>Yank (copy) the current line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command in vi is used to start a forward search?

<p>/ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the UNIX operating system is true?

<p>The UNIX kernel is responsible for managing hardware dependent functions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the shell in the UNIX operating system?

<p>The shell provides an interface for running other applications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shell is considered better for interactive work?

<p>tcsh (Turbo C-Shell) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which programming language was the UNIX operating system initially written in?

<p>C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a shell program?

<p>To interpret commands and carry out desired actions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the system call interface in the UNIX operating system?

<p>The system call interface provides access to the UNIX system services. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most basic entity in a UNIX system?

<p>Regular file (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a regular file in UNIX?

<p>Named, variable length, sequence of bytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to display the contents of a file in a pager format, allowing you to browse through the file?

<p>less (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the command 'tail -f file' do?

<p>Follow the file and display data as it is being written to the file (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to edit a file with the vi editor?

<p>vi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the command 'ls -latr' do?

<p>List all files in the current directory, including hidden files, sorted by modification time in reverse order (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

UNIX Fundamentals

  • UNIX was initially written in assembly language.
  • One of the main advantages of UNIX is its portability.

UNIX Rewritten

  • UNIX was rewritten in C and enhanced in 1973.

vi Editor Commands

  • The x command in vi is used to delete a character.
  • The yy command in vi is used to yank (copy) the current line.
  • The p command in vi is used to paste the most recent deleted or yanked text below the current line.
  • The dd command in vi is used to delete a line.

File Management Commands

  • The wc -l searchfile.txt command counts the number of lines in a file.
  • The less command is used to display the contents of a file in a pager format, allowing you to browse through the file.
  • The head command is used to display the beginning (or top) portion of a file.
  • The tail command is used to display the last 10 lines of a file.
  • The vi command is used to edit a file with the vi editor.

Operating System Components

  • The kernel in an operating system is responsible for managing hardware resources and providing services to applications.
  • The shell in an operating system is a user-level interface that provides a command-line interface to interact with the operating system.
  • The system call interface in an operating system is a layer of abstraction that provides a way for applications to interact with the kernel.

Shell Scripting

  • The dollar sign ($) is used to reference the contents of a variable in shell scripting.
  • The set command is used to set the value of a variable in shell scripting.
  • An exit code of 0 in shell scripting means that the program executed successfully.

Programming Languages

  • The C programming language is used to write the Unix operating system itself.
  • The C Standard Library is a collection of libraries that provide a set of functions for performing common tasks.

Shells

  • A shell is a command-line interface that provides a way for users to interact with the operating system.
  • The most commonly used shell in Linux is Bash.
  • Bash is considered better for interactive work.

UNIX Operating System

  • The purpose of the system call interface in the UNIX operating system is to provide a way for applications to interact with the kernel.
  • The purpose of a shell program in the UNIX operating system is to provide a user-level interface to interact with the operating system.
  • The most basic entity in a UNIX system is a process.
  • A regular file in UNIX has a structure consisting of a header, data, and attributes.

Command Usage

  • The tail -f file command is used to display the last few lines of a file and continue to update the display as new lines are added to the file.
  • The ls -latr command is used to list the contents of a directory in a long format, with the most recent files last.

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