(B-Fr) Inv2.Exp4 Earth's Surface Forces
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Questions and Answers

What are two characteristics of a stream that vary greatly with weather and climate?

discharge and sediment load

What is the typical range of the Mississippi River sediment load per year?

between 90 and 540 million metric tons

What large-scale patterns can the variation in sediment load of the Mississippi River be tied to?

atmosphere and ocean current patterns such as the El Niño cycle

What happens to a stream's sediment when it is steep and moving quickly?

<p>it erodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a stream's sediment when it is flat and moving slowly?

<p>it deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the most damaging and deadliest natural hazards for humans?

<p>flooding along streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are floodplains and deltas rich in?

<p>sediment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are floodplains and deltas dangerous?

<p>because natural flooding makes them especially dangerous due to their flatness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are glaciers analogous to?

<p>streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are alpine glaciers?

<p>glaciers that form in mountains</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mass wasting?

<p>Mass wasting is the removal of rock from its location as a result of gravitational forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect the type and amount of mass wasting?

<p>Factors that affect the type and amount of mass wasting include slope steepness, the presence of plant roots, and the amount of water present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does slope steepness affect mass wasting?

<p>Mass wasting occurs more easily on steeper slopes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plant roots in mass wasting?

<p>Plant roots hold soil in place, so mass wasting often occurs after forest fires when the roots are burned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does water affect mass wasting?

<p>A moderate amount of water holds soil grains together, decreasing mass wasting. However, too much water can cause mudflows and increase mass wasting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do streams form as they flow downhill?

<p>Streams form complex systems of branches and channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to rain within a basin?

<p>Rain anywhere within a basin ends up at a single location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest stream in North America?

<p>The largest stream in North America is the Mississippi River.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the Mississippi River discharge its water?

<p>The Mississippi River discharges its water in the Gulf of Mexico, south of New Orleans, Louisiana.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are streams the major natural cause of on continents?

<p>Streams are the major natural cause of erosion on continents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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