Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the initial justification for the President's Surveillance Program (PSP) from October 2001 to March 2004?
What was the initial justification for the President's Surveillance Program (PSP) from October 2001 to March 2004?
- Authorization under the Fourth Amendment
- The President's authority under Article II of the Constitution (correct)
- Approval from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) court
- Authorization from the Department of Defense
What was the focus of the President's Surveillance Program (PSP) during the initial three years?
What was the focus of the President's Surveillance Program (PSP) during the initial three years?
- Economic espionage
- Domestic surveillance
- Political opponents
- Foreign-connected terrorism (correct)
When did the administration transition to reliance on Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) authority?
When did the administration transition to reliance on Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) authority?
- October 2001
- December 2002
- January 2003
- March 2004 (correct)
What was the NSA's code name for the information collected by the President's Surveillance Program (PSP)?
What was the NSA's code name for the information collected by the President's Surveillance Program (PSP)?
What is the primary focus of mass surveillance?
What is the primary focus of mass surveillance?
What does mass surveillance yield in terms of data collection?
What does mass surveillance yield in terms of data collection?
How does mass surveillance contrast with ordinary wiretapping under the Wiretap Act?
How does mass surveillance contrast with ordinary wiretapping under the Wiretap Act?
What is the relevance-ratio of terrorist-related communications in bulk collection compared to targeted collection?
What is the relevance-ratio of terrorist-related communications in bulk collection compared to targeted collection?
Under what circumstances can mass surveillance be carried out?
Under what circumstances can mass surveillance be carried out?
What does Presidential Policy Directive 28 allow?
What does Presidential Policy Directive 28 allow?
Where does the data collected from mass surveillance end up?
Where does the data collected from mass surveillance end up?
What was the initial purpose of the President’s Surveillance Program (PSP)?
What was the initial purpose of the President’s Surveillance Program (PSP)?
What is the focus of mass surveillance in terms of gathering intelligence?
What is the focus of mass surveillance in terms of gathering intelligence?
What does mass surveillance typically lack in comparison to ordinary law enforcement?
What does mass surveillance typically lack in comparison to ordinary law enforcement?
What does mass surveillance involve in terms of obtaining communications?
What does mass surveillance involve in terms of obtaining communications?
What does mass surveillance allow in terms of obtaining communications?
What does mass surveillance allow in terms of obtaining communications?
President Bush authorized mass surveillance without a judicially-authorized Fourth Amendment warrant or any other court approval
President Bush authorized mass surveillance without a judicially-authorized Fourth Amendment warrant or any other court approval
The President's Surveillance Program (PSP) transitioned to reliance on Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) authority in March 2004
The President's Surveillance Program (PSP) transitioned to reliance on Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) authority in March 2004
The initial three years of the President's Surveillance Program (PSP) focused exclusively on domestic terrorism
The initial three years of the President's Surveillance Program (PSP) focused exclusively on domestic terrorism
The program was claimed to be based on the President's authority under Article II of the Constitution
The program was claimed to be based on the President's authority under Article II of the Constitution
Mass surveillance focuses solely on acquiring communications related to foreign-connected terrorists
Mass surveillance focuses solely on acquiring communications related to foreign-connected terrorists
FISA allows obtaining communications of domestic terrorists and criminals with any ideology
FISA allows obtaining communications of domestic terrorists and criminals with any ideology
The relevance-ratio of terrorist-related communications in bulk collection is higher than in targeted collection
The relevance-ratio of terrorist-related communications in bulk collection is higher than in targeted collection
Mass surveillance can only be carried out using specific identifiers
Mass surveillance can only be carried out using specific identifiers
Presidential Policy Directive 28 does not allow intelligence gathering for detecting cybersecurity threats
Presidential Policy Directive 28 does not allow intelligence gathering for detecting cybersecurity threats
Data collected from mass surveillance ends up only with the NSA
Data collected from mass surveillance ends up only with the NSA
The President's Surveillance Program (PSP) was initiated after 9/11 to collect essential information to discover al-Qaeda sleeper cells within the U.S.
The President's Surveillance Program (PSP) was initiated after 9/11 to collect essential information to discover al-Qaeda sleeper cells within the U.S.
Mass surveillance is strictly time-limited, unlike surveillance under the Wiretap Act
Mass surveillance is strictly time-limited, unlike surveillance under the Wiretap Act
The primary focus of mass surveillance is to obtain evidence regarding specific crimes
The primary focus of mass surveillance is to obtain evidence regarding specific crimes
Mass surveillance is limited to obtaining evidence regarding specific crimes
Mass surveillance is limited to obtaining evidence regarding specific crimes
Mass surveillance always complies with Fourth Amendment procedural protections in ordinary law enforcement
Mass surveillance always complies with Fourth Amendment procedural protections in ordinary law enforcement
Mass surveillance is more strictly time-limited than surveillance under the Wiretap Act
Mass surveillance is more strictly time-limited than surveillance under the Wiretap Act
Study Notes
Mass Surveillance and the President’s Surveillance Program
- Mass surveillance involves acquiring hundreds of millions of communications yearly, regardless of suspicion, focusing on foreign-connected terrorists.
- FISA allows obtaining communications of domestic terrorists and criminals with any ideology.
- Mass surveillance yields "bulk collection" of data, including non-target identifiers like phone numbers and email addresses.
- Relevance-ratio of terrorist-related communications in bulk collection is lower than in targeted collection.
- Mass surveillance can be carried out without using specific identifiers or with very general discriminants.
- It is typically carried out without complying with Fourth Amendment procedural protections in ordinary law enforcement.
- Presidential Policy Directive 28 allows intelligence in bulk for detecting espionage, threats, cybersecurity, and transnational criminal threats.
- Data collected end up with FBI, federal prosecutors, National Counterterrorism Center, and Terrorist Screening Center.
- Mass surveillance contrasts with the requirements for obtaining a court order for ordinary wiretapping under the Wiretap Act.
- The President’s Surveillance Program (PSP) was initiated after 9/11 to collect essential information to discover al-Qaeda sleeper cells within the U.S.
- Mass surveillance focuses on gathering foreign intelligence and is not limited to obtaining evidence regarding specific crimes.
- Mass surveillance is less strictly time-limited than surveillance under the Wiretap Act and can result in the collection of communications unrelated to foreign intelligence.
Mass Surveillance and the President’s Surveillance Program
- Mass surveillance involves acquiring hundreds of millions of communications yearly, regardless of suspicion, focusing on foreign-connected terrorists.
- FISA allows obtaining communications of domestic terrorists and criminals with any ideology.
- Mass surveillance yields "bulk collection" of data, including non-target identifiers like phone numbers and email addresses.
- Relevance-ratio of terrorist-related communications in bulk collection is lower than in targeted collection.
- Mass surveillance can be carried out without using specific identifiers or with very general discriminants.
- It is typically carried out without complying with Fourth Amendment procedural protections in ordinary law enforcement.
- Presidential Policy Directive 28 allows intelligence in bulk for detecting espionage, threats, cybersecurity, and transnational criminal threats.
- Data collected end up with FBI, federal prosecutors, National Counterterrorism Center, and Terrorist Screening Center.
- Mass surveillance contrasts with the requirements for obtaining a court order for ordinary wiretapping under the Wiretap Act.
- The President’s Surveillance Program (PSP) was initiated after 9/11 to collect essential information to discover al-Qaeda sleeper cells within the U.S.
- Mass surveillance focuses on gathering foreign intelligence and is not limited to obtaining evidence regarding specific crimes.
- Mass surveillance is less strictly time-limited than surveillance under the Wiretap Act and can result in the collection of communications unrelated to foreign intelligence.
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Description
Test your knowledge of mass surveillance and the President’s Surveillance Program with this quiz. Explore the key aspects of mass surveillance, including bulk data collection, FISA, and the implications for privacy and national security. Delve into the differences between mass surveillance and traditional wiretapping, as well as the legal and policy frameworks governing these practices.
