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Mass Extinction and Marine Life Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is an extinction event?

A widespread and rapid increase in biodiversity on Earth

An event where the rate of speciation is higher than background extinction rate

A widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity on Earth (correct)

A process that leads to a steady rise in the diversity of multicellular organisms

How are the 'Big Five' extinction events labeled in the text?

As statistically insignificant

Not mentioned in the text

Clickable links (correct)

As having very little impact on marine animal genera

Why are the two extinction events in the Cambrian period characterized as large in percentage magnitude but small in absolute numbers of known taxa?

Due to a lack of fossilization in that period (correct)

Because they did not actually occur

They are not characterized as such in the text

Because they were catastrophic events with no survivors

What defines a mass extinction event?

A sharp fall in biodiversity with an increased rate of extinction (D) Signup and view all the answers

How many major mass extinctions have occurred in the last 540 million years according to different estimates?

Between five and twenty (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the blue graph shown in the text represent?

Percentage of marine animal genera becoming extinct during any given time interval (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did Jack Sepkoski and David M. Raup identify in their 1982 paper?

Five specific geological intervals with excessive diversity loss (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is significant about the Ordovician-Silurian extinction events?

They rank as the second-largest of the five major extinctions in Earth's history (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to be the trigger for reductions in atmospheric carbon dioxide leading to glaciation and anoxia?

Deposition of volcanic ash (A) Signup and view all the answers

What event is considered an extinction event that annihilated coral reefs and numerous tropical benthic animals during the Late Devonian period?

Kellwasser Event (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which geological period saw an extinction event speculated to precede all 'Big Five' mass extinctions?

Ediacaran period (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a potential cause of mass extinction during the Ordovician-Silurian events?

Global warming and volcanism (B) Signup and view all the answers