MCI Triage System Quiz: Mass Casualty Incident Basics

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Questions and Answers

What should be done to patients tagged EXPECTANT or DECEASED once critical interventions for immediate and delayed victims are completed?

Reassess them

What is a key consideration during pediatric triage?

Immunologic differences

Who typically performs the primary triage according to the text?

EMS, first responders, or hospital staff

Why should children be reassessed frequently in triage?

To ensure timely updates on their condition Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommendation for pediatric MCI triage?

Separate children in different triage areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of secondary triage as described in the text?

To reevaluate primary triage after additional assessment/interventions Signup and view all the answers

When is tertiary triage typically performed according to the text?

During ongoing definitive care Signup and view all the answers

How are children categorized in terms of exposure to disasters?

By their distance from the incident Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of indirect exposure to disasters for children?

Experiencing fear and distress from being away Signup and view all the answers

What does SALT refer to in relation to MCI triage?

A system similar to START triage Signup and view all the answers

What does the JumpSTART Triage System expect regarding children in MCI?

To consider children as part of an MCI Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of lifesaving interventions mentioned in the text?

Controlling hemorrhage, opening airway, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key components required for triage according to the text?

Situational awareness, decisiveness, and clinical expertise Signup and view all the answers

In the START Triage System, what do green tags indicate about the patients?

They have minor injuries and are expected to survive Signup and view all the answers

How does Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) triage differ from day-to-day triage?

MCI triage may face potential resource limitations Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the challenges that may arise in triage at mass casualty sites?

Balancing ethical justifications for saving large numbers of people Signup and view all the answers

During triage, which group of patients is prioritized for immediate intervention?

Red patients Signup and view all the answers

Gray tags applied during triage indicate which condition for a patient?

Dead or not enough resources to treat Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pediatric Triage

Children are different from adults and require specialized consideration during triage due to immunologic, anatomic, physiologic, and psychological differences.
Children should be reassessed frequently for changes in condition.

Pediatric MCI Triage Recommendations

Acknowledge that children have unique needs and may require a referral.
Increase education and training for responders.
Group children together in the appropriate triage areas.
Know what organizations are available to care for critically ill pediatric patients if needed.

Effects of Disasters on Children

Children can be affected by disasters in three categories: direct, interpersonal, or indirect.
Direct exposure occurs when children are physically present during an incident.
Interpersonal exposure occurs when children have loved ones that are directly affected.
Indirect exposure happens through secondary consequences of a large-scale incident, such as chaos/disruption of daily living.

JumpSTART Triage System for Children

Expect children to be a part of an MCI.
All patients tagged EXPECTANT or DECEASED should be reassessed once critical interventions for IMMEDIATE and DELAYED victims are completed.

SALT Triage System

Similar to START, SALT prioritizes patients based on the severity of their injuries.
Sort - Sort based on whether victim can walk, wave, or is still.
Assess – Complete an individual assessment to determine need for any lifesaving interventions.
Lifesaving interventions – Control hemorrhage, open airway, etc. and follow algorithm.
Treatment and/or transport.

Types of Triage

Primary triage: Performed at the first encounter with the patient.
Secondary triage: Reevaluation of primary triage after additional assessment and/or interventions.
Tertiary triage: Performed during ongoing definitive care.

MCI Triage

MCI triage differs from day-to-day triage due to potential resource limitations.
Evidence-based triage systems have been developed using documented triage basics.
MCI triage prioritizes identification of those in need of immediate intervention.
MCI triage must be modified for children.

START Triage System

Intended for adults, but may also be used for older children.
One of the most widely recognized MCI triage systems in the United States.
Greens: Have minor injuries, MINIMAL - Casualties with minor injuries and are expected to survive even if they do not receive immediate medical attention.