Marxist Lens on Capitalism

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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of a political economy approach?

Control of money and power within a society (correct)

Social justice and equality

Market-oriented distribution

Environmental conservation techniques

What does the text suggest about market-oriented distribution of pollution?

It primarily benefits affluent social groups

It is not related to social and economic groups

It always results in equitable exposure to pollution

It often leads to less equitable exposure of different social and economic groups (correct)

Why do we justify polluting people who are paid less?

Because they are paid less (correct)

Due to their geographical location

To maintain social equality

To promote environmental conservation

What kind of social organization explains the logic of 'under-pollution'?

Capitalism Signup and view all the answers

According to the production of nature thesis, what does it argue?

Human society and economic processes are natural and inevitable Signup and view all the answers

What does the spatial fix allow capitalism to do?

Continue functioning in the shorter term, but contributes to increased inequality between places and people Signup and view all the answers

What does social reproduction of society involve?

Producing and reproducing the functions of a society through its people Signup and view all the answers

What is a problem with the political economy perspective on environments?

It focuses on capitalism and economy at the expense of other social and ecological relationships Signup and view all the answers

According to eco-feminism, what is a source of environmental degradation?

The social condition of women Signup and view all the answers

What does the production of nature thesis caution us against thinking about human behavior?

Inevitable just because it's part of nature Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of the spatial fix on capitalism?

Contributes to increased inequality between places and people Signup and view all the answers

What is a key problem with anthropocentric perspectives according to the text?

Does not help us approach problems with non-human entities Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized by eco-feminism?

Patriarchy as a source of environmental degradation and women's social condition Signup and view all the answers

What does social reproduction involve providing for workers?

Whatever it takes to get a worker back the next day (food, water, shelter, etc.) and to make new workers Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Political Economy approaches based on Karl Marx's work?

The structures of Capitalism as a political/economic order Signup and view all the answers

According to Historical Materialism, what leads to the destruction of societal stages?

Inequality Signup and view all the answers

What do Forces of Production in the mode of production consist of?

Means and conditions of production Signup and view all the answers

In capitalist systems, how are commodities exchanged?

They have value and are exchanged Signup and view all the answers

Who controls the means of production in capitalism?

Only some Signup and view all the answers

What do laborers work for in capitalism?

Wages Signup and view all the answers

What is the production of nature thesis cautioning against?

Seeing human behavior as inevitable just because it's part of nature Signup and view all the answers

What is the spatial fix in global capitalism primarily responsible for?

Putting off the crises of capitalism in the short term Signup and view all the answers

What does eco-feminism primarily emphasize?

The role of patriarchy in environmental degradation Signup and view all the answers

What is one problem with the political economy perspective on environments according to the text?

It focuses on capitalism and economy at the expense of other social and ecological relationships Signup and view all the answers

What does social reproduction of society primarily involve?

Producing and reproducing the functions of a society through its people Signup and view all the answers

What does historical materialism propose about societal progression?

It progresses from hunter-gatherer to communist stages, each containing seeds of its destruction due to inequality Signup and view all the answers

What does the mode of production in capitalism consist of?

Forces of Production and Relations of Production Signup and view all the answers

In capitalism, who controls the means of production?

Only some Signup and view all the answers

What is the first contradiction identified in capitalism according to the text?

Overaccumulation leads to overproduction and underconsumption, causing economic crises Signup and view all the answers

How does capitalism encourage environmental exploitation according to the text?

By seeing nature as external and commodifiable, leading to natural destruction Signup and view all the answers

What does the political economy approach emphasize in understanding environmental problems?

The distribution of money and power within a society Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'under-pollution' logic justify based on arguments of efficiency?

Polluting people who are paid less Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the production of nature thesis according to the text?

Cautioning against anthropocentric perspectives Signup and view all the answers

What kind of social organization explains the 'under-pollution' logic?