Martha Gellhorn: Spanish Civil War
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Questions and Answers

What event did Martha Gellhorn arrive in Madrid to cover in 1937?

  • The fall of Berlin
  • The end of World War I
  • The French Revolution
  • The Spanish Civil War (correct)

    • What was the nature of the struggle in the Spanish Civil War in Martha Gellhorn's perspective?

  • A struggle between nationalism and communism
  • A struggle between tyranny and democracy (correct)
  • A struggle for racial supremacy
  • A struggle for independence from European powers

    • What did Martha Gellhorn experience in Madrid during the Spanish Civil War?

  • A city under martial law
  • A peaceful and calm city
  • A festive and celebratory atmosphere
  • A daily struggle for survival (correct)

    • Who did Martha Gellhorn meet in Spain during the Spanish Civil War?

    <p>Ernest Hemingway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the global context in which the Spanish Civil War took place?

    <p>Less than two decades after the end of World War I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the root cause of the new conflicts that erupted in Europe and Asia in the mid-20th century?

    <p>The seeds of new conflicts had been sown in World War I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major problem facing the Weimar Republic in Germany after World War I?

    <p>Widespread poverty and hyperinflation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Joseph Stalin's primary goal for the Soviet Union?

    <p>To industrialize and improve agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leader rose to power in Italy in 1922?

    <p>Benito Mussolini</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a characteristic of totalitarian states like the one established by Stalin?

    <p>Complete control over citizens and suppression of opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the party established by Benito Mussolini in Italy?

    <p>Fascist Party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany?

    <p>Germany was blamed for starting the war and had its colonies and territories stripped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the symbol of unity and authority in ancient Rome, also adopted by the Fascists?

    <p>The Fasces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the nickname of Benito Mussolini?

    <p>Il Duce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Stalin's 'five-year plans'?

    <p>The Soviet Union became the second-largest industrial power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which country did Hideki Tojo become prime minister in 1941?

    <p>Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the human cost of Stalin's transformation of the Soviet Union?

    <p>Millions died in famines and millions more were killed or purged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the party founded by Adolf Hitler in Germany?

    <p>Nazi Party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the rise of nationalism in Europe in the interwar period?

    <p>Dictators rose to power in several countries, leading to World War II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leader did NOT rise to power in 1922?

    <p>Hideki Tojo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Treaty of Versailles on the new democracies in Europe?

    <p>The treaty weakened the new democracies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major factor leading to the rise of Fascism in Italy?

    <p>Rising inflation and unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the collapse of new democracies in Europe?

    <p>The rise of authoritarian leaders who solved economic and social problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became the leader of the Soviet Union after Lenin's death in 1924?

    <p>Joseph Stalin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the leader of the Soviet Union?

    <p>Joseph Stalin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which geographic feature might have led Japan to expand?

    <p>Island nation status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of Hitler's plan to reunite all Germans?

    <p>To create a unified German empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Hitler believe was necessary for Germany to thrive?

    <p>More living space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Great Depression on Germany's economy?

    <p>A significant increase in unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of Hitler's private army?

    <p>The Storm Troopers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the empire that Hitler established in 1933?

    <p>The Third Reich</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the goal of the Nazis, as stated in Mein Kampf?

    <p>To secure living space for the German people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the three main aggressors during this period?

    <p>Germany, Italy, and Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Japan's invasion of Manchuria?

    <p>Japan gained control of the province</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Japan quit the League of Nations?

    <p>Because it was condemned for its invasion of Manchuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the year 1933 in German history?

    <p>It was the year Hitler was appointed chancellor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the population does Roosevelt claim wants to live in peace?

    <p>90 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the reaction of isolationist newspapers to Roosevelt's 'Quarantine Speech'?

    <p>They accused Roosevelt of leading the nation into war</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Roosevelt's 'Quarantine Speech' in terms of his stance against aggression?

    <p>Roosevelt backed off in the face of criticism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of Roosevelt's 'Quarantine Speech' on the debate?

    <p>It shifted the debate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did the conflicts remain, according to the passage?

    <p>Over there</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequence of the League of Nations' inaction against Japan's invasion of Manchuria?

    <p>The dictatorships in Europe and Africa were emboldened to act aggressively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia?

    <p>Ethiopia fell to the Italian invasion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Rome-Berlin Axis?

    <p>It was a formal alliance between Germany and Italy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did African Americans sympathize with Ethiopia during the Italian invasion?

    <p>They identified with Ethiopia as a fellow oppressed nation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the reaction of the Western democracies to the Spanish Civil War?

    <p>They maintained a policy of neutrality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

    <p>It outlawed war as an instrument of national policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the ultimate outcome of the Spanish Civil War?

    <p>Franco's fascist forces prevailed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of Hitler's military buildup and remilitarization of the Rhineland?

    <p>Hitler's actions went unchecked, emboldening other aggressors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the international response to Italy's invasion of Ethiopia?

    <p>The League of Nations responded with ineffective economic boycotts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Haile Selassie's appeal to the League of Nations?

    <p>It highlighted the League's inability to respond to aggression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

    <p>To outlaw war as an instrument of national policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Nye committee's hearings?

    <p>The committee fueled the controversy by documenting the large profits made during the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Girl Scouts of America's response to the growing antiwar feeling?

    <p>They changed their uniforms from khaki to green to appear less militaristic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy?

    <p>To continue the policy of nonintervention in Latin America.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the effect of the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act?

    <p>It lowered trade barriers by giving the president the power to make trade agreements with other nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Neutrality Acts?

    <p>To keep the US out of future wars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Roosevelt's response to Japan's attack on China?

    <p>He found a way around the Neutrality Acts to continue sending arms and supplies to China.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the idea behind Roosevelt's 'quarantine' speech?

    <p>To isolate aggressor nations to stop the spread of war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of the Nye committee's hearings on American attitudes?

    <p>It fueled the controversy and increased antiwar feeling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main factor that contributed to Americans' growing isolationism?

    <p>Evidence that large profits had been made by banks and arms industries during World War I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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