Marriage Types and Rules

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Questions and Answers

What is the main subject of A.R.Radcliffe-Brown and Daryll Forde's work?

Gender Roles in Society

Modern Myths in Religion

African Systems of Kinship and Marriage (correct)

Caste and Class Dynamics

Which author examines assumptions regarding changes in the Indian family?

Katherine Williams

M.N.Srinivas

A.M.Shah (correct)

E.Durkhiem

What topic does E.Durkhiem address in his work?

Rituals of Passage

Hierarchy in Social Structures

Caste Systems in India

Elementary Forms of Religious Life (correct)

Which text focuses on the relationship between caste and power?

Caste: Its Twentieth Century Signup and view all the answers

Who edited 'Gender: A Sociological Reader'?

S.Jackson and S.Scott Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of communalism?

To unify one community around a religious identity Signup and view all the answers

How does secularism relate to religious affairs?

It ensures non-interference between religion and state Signup and view all the answers

What effect does communalism have on community distinctions?

It emphasizes and suppresses distinctions Signup and view all the answers

What political ideology often promotes hatred towards an identified 'other'?

Communalism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes secularists' stance on religious freedoms?

They support religious freedoms for all citizens Signup and view all the answers

What does communalism often use to involve society in its belief systems?

Force and coercion Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the separation of religion from state affairs?

Secularism Signup and view all the answers

What is a central characteristic of communalism?

Defining identity as fixed and fundamental Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of monogamy?

A form of marriage where one man marries one woman. Signup and view all the answers

Which form of marriage allows individuals to remarry but not have multiple spouses at the same time?

Serial monogamy Signup and view all the answers

What does gender equality entail in the context of shoe distribution among children?

Deciding based on the child's need Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes individuals who do not fit into the binary male or female categories?

Third gender Signup and view all the answers

What does endogamy refer to in marriage rules?

Selecting partners within a specific group. Signup and view all the answers

What social category is used to identify individuals apart from male and female?

Third gender Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of exogamy?

Marrying outside one's village. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a third gender identity?

Cisgender Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes group marriage?

There are common husbands and wives among a group. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary obligation in levirate marriage?

To marry the widow of a deceased brother. Signup and view all the answers

According to the labelling theory, what mainly creates crime in society?

Labeling by authorities Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of caste endogamy?

Marriage occurs within the same caste only. Signup and view all the answers

The labelling theory argues that crime emerges from interactions between individuals and which group?

Police and authorities Signup and view all the answers

Which type of exogamy specifically refers to marrying outside one's gotra?

Gotra exogamy Signup and view all the answers

What significant action did the India Supreme Court take in 2014 regarding gender identity?

Recognized transgender as a 'third gender' Signup and view all the answers

Which theory posits that crime is socially constructed and not merely a product of individual background?

Labelling Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act 2012?

To protect children from sexual offences Signup and view all the answers

Which act addresses the need for providing free and compulsory education to children?

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with minority groups as per the definition of marginalization?

Is the dominant group in society Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of India's total population is reported to be disabled?

2.13% Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the marginalization of people with disabilities?

Biased assumptions and harmful stereotypes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following acts aims to ban child marriage?

Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 Signup and view all the answers

Which group among the disabled population is considered most vulnerable?

Women, children, and aged individuals with disabilities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common consequence of marginalization?

Social and economic impoverishment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Marriage Types

Monogamy: Marriage involving one man and one woman; most common form globally.
Serial Monogamy: Permits individuals to remarry after divorce or spouse's death, but prohibits multiple spouses simultaneously.
Straight Monogamy: No remarriage allowed after the death or divorce of a spouse.
Group Marriage: Marriage involving two or more men and two or more women, where husbands and wives are shared, and children are considered the collective responsibility of the group.

Rules of Marriage

Societal limits affect partner selection; two primary types dictate these choices: endogamy and exogamy.

Endogamy

Requires marriage within specific groups defined by caste, class, tribe, race, or religious affiliation.
Forms of endogamy include:
- Caste Endogamy: Marriages within the same caste (e.g., Brahmin marrying Brahmin).
- Class Endogamy: Marriages within the same socioeconomic class.
- Sub Caste Endogamy: Marriages within subcaste divisions.

Exogamy

Requires marrying outside one’s own group, prohibiting intra-group marriages.
Variants include:
- Gotra Exogamy: Marrying outside one’s gotra.
- Pravara Exogamy: Those from the same pravara cannot marry each other.
- Village Exogamy: Many tribes, such as the Naga and Garo, practice this by marrying outside their village.
- Pinda Exogamy: Prohibits marriage among those of common ancestry.

Types of Marriages

Levirate Marriage: A surviving brother marries his deceased brother’s widow, particularly when there are no children, ensuring property inheritance and familial ties.

Communalism

A political framework defining community identity rigidly tied to religious beliefs, often fostering inter-community conflict and animosity.
Creates a dichotomy of "us" versus "them," as seen in communal tensions between Hindus and Muslims.

Secularism

Advocates for the separation of religion from state affairs to ensure freedom of belief for every citizen, maintaining that religious beliefs should not infringe on state governance.
Protects individual rights to practice religion, while also upholding the right to live free from religious imposition.

Sociology Topics

Caste: Defined by lineage and strict societal boundaries, impacting mobility and social hierarchy.
Class and Status: Explores the ideological perspectives of Karl Marx (class struggle) and Max Weber (status and power).
Gender: Highlights issues of gender equality, neutrality, and recognition of the third gender.

Third Gender

Represents individuals not fitting the binary classification of male and female and encompasses various identities recognized in different cultures.
In India, the Supreme Court recognized transgender individuals as a legally acknowledged third gender in 2014.

Crime Theories

Labelling Theory: Suggests that crime is a result of societal labels applied to individuals, leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy where those labeled deviant may adopt criminal behaviors.
Emphasizes micro-level interactions and the role of societal perception in determining criminality.

Laws for Children in India

Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012.
Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009.
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000.

Marginalized Groups

Describes social exclusion faced by individuals deemed undesirable based on various traits, often leading to severe discrimination and impoverishment.
Individuals with disabilities represent one of these marginalized groups, facing long-standing societal biases and economic challenges, with approximately 2.13% of India’s population identified as disabled.

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Description

Explore the various forms of marriage including monogamy, serial monogamy, and group marriage. Understand the influence of societal limits such as endogamy and exogamy on partner selection and marriage practices. This quiz will deepen your understanding of the complexities of marital arrangements across cultures.