Marriage and Family Ch. 9 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Some Muslim children who wear headscarves, called __________, may be subject to ridicule and discrimination.

hijab

Native American parents have been described as exhibiting a(n) __________ parenting style.

permissive

As adolescents search for identity, which one of these is NOT a need listed?

Autonomy

Financial incentive (correct)

Guidance

Emotional support

The new image of a 'good' father in today's society says that fathers __________.

not only take financial responsibility but also are actively involved in child care Signup and view all the answers

What do research by Straus and his colleagues show about children who have been frequently spanked?

They are more likely to have behavior problems later in life, as well as depression. Signup and view all the answers

Upper-middle-class parents tend to use which parenting style?

authoritative Signup and view all the answers

Married couples comprise fewer than _____ of families with a joint child under age 18.

two-thirds Signup and view all the answers

Which parenting style is characterized by low parental monitoring but high parental warmth?

permissive-indulgent Signup and view all the answers

Upper-class, highly-educated parents are more likely to emphasize concerted cultivation, which is __________.

the overall development of their child's talents and potential Signup and view all the answers

In terms of parenting styles of different racial and ethnic groups, some studies reflect which approach?

Cultural variant Signup and view all the answers

Although about 20-25% of mothers are single mothers, only _____ of fathers are single fathers.

5% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the stressors that can lead to less effective parenting for single mothers?

Less education Signup and view all the answers

Asian American parents often used the Confucian training doctrine, which stresses all EXCEPT which quality?

Corporal punishment Signup and view all the answers

Alice Rossi observed that the transition to parenthood is more difficult for several reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Unlike other adult roles, the transition to parenthood is extremely gradual Signup and view all the answers

The __________ parent's style is indulgent, and often leads to the classic 'spoiled child.'

permissive Signup and view all the answers

How do some scholars view the authoritarian/permissive/authoritative parenting model?

Bias and ethnocentric or Eurocentric. Signup and view all the answers

The goal of __________ is to provide planned, time-limited, substitute care for children who cannot be adequately cared for at home.

foster care Signup and view all the answers

Many parents display _______ in living arrangements and family structures or forms.

a marked fluidity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT identified as a feature of the social context of child rearing that can make modern parenting difficult?

Most parents today do not have to worry about caring for their own aging parents Signup and view all the answers

Which of these does the text NOT list as a factor influencing how new parents view their babies?

Whether the pregnancy was planned or unplanned Signup and view all the answers

The text points out that parenting is probably more satisfying for parents and effective for children when both parents use which parenting style?

authoritative Signup and view all the answers

Today, there are about __________ Americans of mixed race.

9 million Signup and view all the answers

__________ is out-of-home placement with biological relatives of children who are in the custody of the state.

Formal kinship care Signup and view all the answers

More __________ mothers than European American mothers spank their children.

African American Signup and view all the answers

The mean age of children in foster care is about __________ years.

8 Signup and view all the answers

Single mothers by choice tend to be all of the following EXCEPT

Ethnically diverse Signup and view all the answers

___________ are biological or, much less often, adoptive fathers who do not live with their children.

Nonresident fathers Signup and view all the answers

About _____ percent of grandparents in the United States are raising grandchildren.

11 Signup and view all the answers

In explaining Asian American children's superior high school performance, a few Asian American social scientists have offered alternative concepts that emphasize indigenous __________.

Confucian training doctrine Signup and view all the answers

Which parenting style is preferred by child psychologists?

Authoritative Signup and view all the answers

Several alternate parenting arrangements are discussed. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Assisted reproductive technology parents Signup and view all the answers

It is estimated that about __________ U.S. children are in foster care.

400,000 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the 'facts' discussed concerning fathers as primary parents?

About 20 percent of all U.S. children under age fifteen are living with single fathers Signup and view all the answers

John plays a parentlike role for his girlfriend's son, even though he is unrelated to the child. The text refers to this role as __________.

social fathering Signup and view all the answers

When new parents first bring their babies home, which of these is NOT one of the concerns they report?

Relatives and friends visiting for hours on end Signup and view all the answers

For the majority of women, the decision to be a single mother is less than deliberate. The textbook refers to these women as __________.

single mothers by circumstance Signup and view all the answers

Mothers and children make up about _____ percent of the homeless population.

40 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Parenting Styles and Dynamics

Muslim children may face ridicule and discrimination for wearing the hijab.
Native American parents often demonstrate a permissive parenting style.
Adolescent identity formation requires parental support, but financial incentives are not needed.
The modern "good" father is characterized by both financial responsibility and active involvement in childcare.
Frequent spanking leads to increased behavioral issues and depression in children.
Upper-middle-class families generally adopt an authoritative parenting style.

Family Structure and Statistics

Fewer than two-thirds of families with a child under 18 are married couples.
Only 5% of fathers are single fathers compared to 20-25% of mothers being single mothers.
Around 9 million Americans identify as mixed race.

Cultural and Educational Insights

Upper-class, highly educated parents focus on concerted cultivation, emphasizing child development.
Research on parenting styles often reflects a cultural variant approach within specific racial and ethnic groups.
Asian American parents utilize the Confucian training doctrine, emphasizing parental love and strict control, but do not prioritize corporal punishment.

Parenting Challenges and Context

Single mothers face multiple stressors that can hinder effective parenting, but having less education is not considered a stressor.
Transitioning to parenthood is often more challenging than other adult roles, primarily due to the abrupt changes involved.
Modern parenting struggles include the burden of caring for aging parents.

Child Welfare and Care Arrangements

Foster care provides intentional, temporary care for children unable to live at home.
Formal kinship care involves children being placed with biological relatives when in state custody.
There are approximately 400,000 children in foster care, with an average age of 8 years old.

Parenting Trends and Effects

The authoritative parenting style is associated with greater parental satisfaction and child effectiveness.
About 11% of U.S. grandparents are raising grandchildren.
Approximately 40% of the homeless population consists of mothers and their children.

Nonresident fathers are biological or adoptive fathers who do not cohabitate with their children.
Single mothers by choice typically do not represent ethnic diversity.
Social fathering involves a partnership in parenting roles, even among unrelated individuals.

Parenting Perceptions and Challenges

Factors influencing new parents' perceptions of their babies do not include the status of pregnancy planning.
Parents report various challenges during the initial homecoming of a newborn, excluding lengthy visits from relatives and friends.
Parenting arrangements encompass multiple forms, but assisted reproductive technology parents are not included in commonly discussed arrangements.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 9 of Marriage and Family. This quiz includes important terms and definitions related to parenting styles and cultural practices. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of diverse family dynamics.