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Marketing & Sales in Shipping Module
37 Questions
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Marketing & Sales in Shipping Module

Created by
@ExquisiteHeliotrope1295

Questions and Answers

Which service type primarily offers multimodal solutions mainly through sea and air?

  • Shipping Line
  • Air Line
  • Freight Forwarder (correct)
  • Freight Broker

    • What term best describes a service that transports goods across different modes but is rarely utilized port to port?

  • Shipping Line
  • Feeder Operator
  • NVOCC (correct)
  • Air Line

    • Which service type is exclusively focused on sea transportation?

  • Freight Broker
  • Freight Forwarder
  • Air Line
  • Shipping Line (correct)

    • Which of the following service types is characterized by its ability to deal with both sea and road transport?

    <p>Freight Forwarder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which service type would the ICD concept most commonly apply?

    <p>Freight Forwarder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model is typically used by shipping companies that offer scheduled services between ports?

    <p>Liner shipping model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes spot market rates from liner shipping rates?

    <p>Spot rates may vary significantly based on current market conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the contracts and agreements model?

    <p>It involves long-term commitments from customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of the all-in rates model?

    <p>Provides a simplistic and transparent pricing structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT typically considered when determining freight rates?

    <p>Time of day the shipment is made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model is most likely to provide flexibility for one-time shipping needs?

    <p>Spot market model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do shipping companies typically set their freight rates?

    <p>Using a combination of different rate models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one possible disadvantage of using the contracts and agreements model?

    <p>It requires long-term commitments from customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor that affects freight rates due to the nature of the cargo?

    <p>Cargo seasonality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is likely to increase shipping costs if your cargo destination is far from a major port?

    <p>Demurrage and detention fees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) compensate for?

    <p>Fuel price fluctuations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of surcharge is applied if you pay for cargo in a foreign currency?

    <p>Currency adjustment factor (CAF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect is likely to result in higher rates when shipping to an isolated anchorage?

    <p>Lack of access to skilled manpower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would typically be a charge related to oil prices affecting shipping costs?

    <p>Origin fuel surcharge (OFUE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What generally causes shipping rates to increase for seasonal cargo like fruits and vegetables?

    <p>Seasonal demand spikes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fees might you incur when cargo is delayed in being picked up from a port?

    <p>Port storage charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the congestion surcharge (CON)?

    <p>To compensate for congestion affecting incoming and outgoing vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition is the emergency risk surcharge (ERS) applied?

    <p>When the shipping route is subject to violence or piracy risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the application of a heavy lift surcharge (HEA)?

    <p>When cargo weighs more than 14,000 kg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who pays the special equipment surcharge (SPE)?

    <p>A seller or consignor requiring specialized containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would a hazardous surcharge (HAZ) be necessary?

    <p>For moving hazardous materials such as chemicals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Suez Canal surcharge (SUE) apply to?

    <p>Cargo that transits through the Suez Canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the peak season surcharge (PSS) applied for?

    <p>During high-volume trade periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the low sulphur charge (LSC) intended for?

    <p>To cover costs associated with reduced sulfur emissions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Panama Canal surcharge (PCC)?

    <p>To charge ships transporting cargo through the Panama Canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional cost does the Aden Gulf surcharge (ADE) account for?

    <p>High risk of piracy in the Gulf of Yemen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which service is primarily offered at a Container Depot?

    <p>Storage of empty containers till repo/export release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an Inland Container Depot (ICD) from a standard Container Depot?

    <p>ICDs are far from the main ports and mainly use rail transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of transport is mainly used for Container Depots?

    <p>Road transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following services is least likely to be provided at an Inland Container Depot?

    <p>Storage of empty containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operation is primarily associated with an Inland Container Depot?

    <p>Stuffing and de-stuffing of containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the transport arrangements differ between Container Depots and Inland Container Depots?

    <p>Container Depots mainly use road transport while ICDs focus on rail transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of Service Types

    • Service options include air freight, sea, river, multimodal solutions, and various operators like shipping lines, NVOCCs, and freight forwarders.
    • Container shipping rates depend on multiple factors including distance, cargo type, shipping routes, and container specifications.
    • Different freight rate models:
      • Liner Shipping Model: Scheduled services with published tariffs, subject to market fluctuations.
      • Spot Market Model: Ad-hoc rates based on current market conditions.
      • Contracts and Agreements Model: Fixed rates for long-term commitments.
      • All-in Rates Model: Inclusive pricing covering transport, customs, and additional fees.

    Factors Affecting Freight Rates

    • Ocean Freight (OCE): Base cost for shipping a container between points.
    • Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF): Supplement for fuel price fluctuations.
    • Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF): Surcharge for payments in foreign currencies.
    • Origin Terminal Handling Charges (OTHC): Fees for handling containers at the port prior to loading.
    • Congestion Surcharge (CON): Applied during delays in incoming/outgoing vessel traffic.
    • Emergency Risk Surcharge (ERS): Additional charge for handling cargo in high-risk areas.
    • Peak Season Surcharge (PSS): Increased fee during high-volume trade periods.
    • Special Equipment and Hazardous Surcharges (SPE, HAZ): Extra charges for special containers or hazardous goods.

    Container Depot vs Inland Container Depot (ICD)

    • Container Depot: Storage area for shipping containers focused on transshipment; services include cleaning, repair, and freight consolidation.
    • Inland Container Depot (ICD): Facility for container storage and handling far from main ports, facilitating customs formalities and transport arrangements.
    • Container depots primarily offer road transport, while ICDs utilize rail transport for logistics.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts in the 'Marketing & Sales in Shipping' module, focusing on various service types, pricing management, and strategic approaches within the shipping industry. It's essential for understanding the dynamics of agency functions in maritime logistics.

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