Marketing Chapter 6: Segmentation and Targeting
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a basis for behavioral segmentation?

  • Benefits sought (correct)
  • Lifestyle choices
  • Geographic location
  • Age and gender
  • What is an example of geodemographic segmentation?

  • Targeting based on loyalty to a brand
  • Targeting based on urban versus rural residence (correct)
  • Targeting based on age and income
  • Targeting based on lifestyle preferences
  • What defines consumer lifestyles in psychographic segmentation?

  • Brand loyalty and usage rates
  • Personality traits and social class (correct)
  • Income level and age group
  • Geographic location and religion
  • Which market segmentation strategy involves targeting a single, specific segment?

    <p>Concentrated strategy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does behavioural segmentation primarily examine?

    <p>Customer benefits sought and usage patterns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which segmentation strategy would a company target multiple segments with specific marketing mix for each segment?

    <p>Differentiated marketing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a criterion for evaluating the attractiveness of a market segment?

    <p>Geographic location of potential customers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of dividing a market into distinct groups with similar needs is known as what?

    <p>Market segmentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'reachable' imply in market segmentation?

    <p>The target market should be easy to access through distribution channels. (C), The target market should understand the product's benefits. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is essential for a segment to be considered 'substantial'?

    <p>The segment should represent a significant portion of the market. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of behavioral segmentation, what is a key characteristic to consider?

    <p>Consumer purchasing patterns and behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one important question to ask when evaluating the attractiveness of a market segment?

    <p>Will the segment respond positively to our marketing mix? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the importance of identifiable segments?

    <p>Segments should have clear boundaries and involvement criteria. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes geodemographic segmentation from other forms of segmentation?

    <p>It combines geographic and demographic data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a company choose to utilize consumer lifestyles in segmentation?

    <p>It enhances the understanding of consumer motivations and preferences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the segment being profitable?

    <p>Segments must have the potential for long-term sustainability and profitability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes psychographic segmentation?

    <p>Understanding how consumers perceive themselves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of the 'Achievers' category in the VALS framework?

    <p>Hold conservative belief systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic factor is NOT typically used in demographic segmentation?

    <p>Self-esteem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category in the VALS framework is characterized by a focus on living in the moment and seeking excitement?

    <p>Experiencers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which segmentation method involves categorizing consumers based on their lifestyle and interests?

    <p>Psychographic segmentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes 'Survivors' in the VALS categories?

    <p>Concerned for safety and security (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is primarily associated with 'Makers' in the VALS framework?

    <p>Practical people with constructive skills (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a marketer best utilize geodemographic segmentation?

    <p>By analyzing local demographic trends (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using census data for market segmentation?

    <p>It offers comprehensive demographic insights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines behavioral segmentation?

    <p>Grouping consumers according to their purchasing habits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Segmentation Bases

    Characteristics used to divide a market into distinct groups of customers.

    Geographic Segmentation

    Dividing the market based on location (countries, regions, cities, etc.).

    Demographic Segmentation

    Dividing the market based on age, gender, income, education, occupation, and other measurable characteristics.

    Psychographic Segmentation

    Dividing the market based on lifestyle, personality, and values.

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    Behavioral Segmentation

    Dividing the market based on how customers use a product or service (benefits sought, usage, loyality).

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    Targeting Strategies

    Choosing which market segments to serve.

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    Undifferentiated Targeting

    Marketing to the entire market with one marketing mix.

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    Positioning

    Creating a clear, distinctive, and desirable image of a product or service in the minds of target customers.

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    Household Income

    The average amount of money earned by a household.

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    Attractiveness of Segments

    Analyzing segment features (identifiable, unique, require different marketing) to target the market.

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    Identifiable Segment

    Clearly defined groups within a market.

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    Unique Segment

    Different from other segments in their needs and preferences.

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    Reachable Segment

    Customers who can be communicated with and buy the product/service.

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    Marketing Mix

    The combination of tools a company uses to meet the needs of its target market.

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    Average Household Income for a category

    The typical income of households in a certain group/area.

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    Substantial Segment

    Large enough and profitable to justify the effort of satisfying the customers.

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    VALS Categories

    A framework for classifying consumers based on their motivations and resources.

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    Innovators (VALS)

    Successful, sophisticated, and take-charge people who are open to new ideas and technology.

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    Thinkers (VALS)

    Well-educated, mature, and satisfied customers who value stability and respect authority.

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    Achievers (VALS)

    Goal-oriented professionals who value career and family success.

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    Believers (VALS)

    Hold conservative beliefs and value family, religion, and community.

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    Strivers (VALS)

    Want a better life, seek trendy products motivated by money.

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    Experiencers (VALS)

    Trendy, fun-loving, and impulsive consumers seeking novelty and excitement.

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    Makers (VALS)

    Practical people with constructive skills who value self-sufficiency.

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    Study Notes

    Chapter 6: Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning

    • This chapter examines the process of targeting specific market segments
    • Learning Objectives:
      • Describe bases marketers use for segmenting markets.
      • Identify criteria for evaluating segment attractiveness.
      • Explain various targeting strategies (undifferentiated, differentiated, concentrated, micromarketing).
      • Describe positioning and execution by firms.

    Segmentation, Targeting, & Positioning

    • Who is the target market for SOCIAL LITE Vodka?
    • Product location strategy
    • Multiple segmentation strategies were employed

    The Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning Process

    • Step 1: Establish overall strategy or objectives (consistent with the mission statement or derived from mission and current state)
    • Step 2: Segmentation bases (geography, demographics, psychographics, behavior)
    • Step 3: Evaluate segment attractiveness (identifiable, reachable, substantial and profitable, responsive)
    • Step 4: Select target market (assessment of attractiveness of the opportunity and organization's competencies)
    • Step 5: Identify and develop positioning strategy (value, product attributes, benefits & symbolism, competition, market leadership)

    Segmentation Bases

    • Geographic: Continent, country, region, city, climate
    • Demographic: Age, gender, income, education, occupation, family size, family life cycle, religion, ethnicity
    • Psychographic: Lifestyle (Innovators, Thinkers, Achievers, Experiencers), personality/self-concept, social class
    • Behavioral: Benefits sought, usage rate, loyalty

    Geographic Segmentation

    • Divide market into separate geographic units (countries, regions, provinces, cities, neighborhoods)
    • Develop appropriate marketing programs

    Demographic Segmentation

    • Most common method to divide market into groups
    • Basis for dividing based on: Gender, age, ethnic group, family lifecycle stage, household type, income, occupation, education, religion
    • Census data is an excellent source of segmentation data

    Psychographic Segmentation

    • How consumers describe themselves: Self-values, self-concept, lifestyles
    • Marketers use this to appeal to one's self-concept

    VALS Types

    • Identified using a questionnaire and a program
    • Classifies consumers into segments like Innovators, Thinkers, Believers, Achievers, Strivers, Experiencers, Makers, and Survivors.

    Behavioural Segmentation

    • Includes benefits, occasion, usage rate, and loyalty.

    Geodemographic Segmentation

    • Uses a combination of geographic, demographic, and lifestyle characteristics to segment a market
    • "Birds of a feather flock together"

    Step 3: Evaluate Segment Attractiveness

    • Identifiable: Knowing who is in the market and whether the segments are unique
    • Reachable: Understanding what the product can do and how consumers will get to it.
    • Substantial and Profitable: Evaluating the size and growth potential of the segments.
    • Responsive: Ensuring that customers react positively.

    Step 4: Select Target Market

    • Target market selection is based on SWOT analysis
    • Attractiveness of the opportunity
    • Organization's competencies

    Targeting Strategies

    • Undifferentiated: One product/service for the whole market.
    • Differentiated: Separate products/services for distinct market segments.
    • Concentrated: Targeting one specific segment of the market
    • Micromarketing (One-to-One): Tailored product/service for individual customer wants/needs.

    Undifferentiated Targeting Strategy

    • Product/service perceived to provide the same benefits to everyone

    Differentiated Targeting Strategy

    • Targeting several market segments with different offerings

    Concentrated (Niche) Targeting Strategy

    • Selecting a single, primary market segment and focusing all energies on providing a product to fit that segment's needs

    Micromarketing

    • Tailoring a product/service to an individual customer's needs

    Step 5: Identify & Develop Positioning Strategy

    • Methods
      • Value
      • Product attributes
      • Benefits & symbolism
      • Competition
      • Market leadership

    Value

    • Relates price to quality; different consumers have different value perceptions.

    Product Attributes

    • Focuses on the attributes that are most important to the target market.

    Benefits & Symbolism

    • Emphasizes brand benefits and psychological meaning.

    Competition

    • Options
      • Position against a specific competitor
      • Position against an entire product classification

    Positioning by Using Perceptual Mapping

    • Steps
      • Determine consumer perceptions
      • Identify market's ideal points and size
      • Identify competitors' positions
      • Determine consumer preferences
      • Select the position
      • Monitor the positioning strategy

    Repositioning

    • Changing a brand's focus to adjust to target new markets or align core emphasis with changing market preferences.

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    Description

    This quiz covers Chapter 6 on Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning in marketing. It delves into the strategies marketers use to identify and evaluate target markets, discussing various segmentation bases and targeting strategies. Test your knowledge on the segmentation-targeting-positioning process and strategic marketing frameworks.

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