Market Structures Overview

A person who is a part of a production process or creation of a product, often involved in its manufacturing or development.

A positive result or outcome that is achieved or desired.

A significant increase or growth in something, like a number or value.

Something that is typical, ordinary, or standard.

A food item often associated with a healthy diet and known for its creamy texture and rich flavor.

The principle that ethical considerations should guide decision-making in the face of potential harm.

A type of action that is considered morally right and beneficial, such as helping the poor or supporting environmental protection.

A situation where there is a conflict between ethical principles or values, making it difficult to choose the right course of action.

The belief that scientists have a responsibility to conduct research that benefits society and avoids causing harm.

A set of rules or principles that guide scientific research, ensuring its integrity and ethical conduct.

Considering the potential risks and benefits of research, including impact on humans, animals, and the environment.

The use of knowledge for good, benefiting individuals and society.

The avoidance of harm to individuals, animals, and the environment during research.

A method or process of using logic and reasoning to break down a problem and find a solution.

A system that uses various components and tools to manage and control information.

A type of product or service that aims to satisfy a specific need or desire of customers.

A curve that represents a specific pattern or trend over time.

A series of actions or steps taken to achieve a specific outcome or goal.

The process of making changes to the way goods and services are produced or delivered, often in response to customer needs or market trends.

The cost of producing goods and services, including raw materials, labor, and other expenses.

An increase in the price of goods and services, typically due to rising costs or increased demand.

The output of a production process, which can be either a physical good or an intangible service.

The quantity of a product or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price during a specific period.

The total amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to offer to the market at a given price during a specific time period.

The point where the supply and demand curves intersect, representing the price and quantity at which the quantity supplied equals the quantity demanded.

The increase in the quantity supplied of a good or service as the price increases, assuming all other factors remain constant.

The decrease in the quantity demanded of a good or service as the price increases, assuming all other factors remain constant.

A cost that does not change with the level of production, such as rent, insurance, or salaries.

A cost that changes with the level of production, such as raw materials or labor costs.

The point where total revenue equals total cost; the point where a company is neither making a profit nor incurring a loss.

A product's cost is determined by its manufacturing, development, and marketing expenses, including raw materials, labor, and overhead.

The price at which a product is sold to customers, calculated based on its cost and a desired profit margin.

The difference between the sales price and the product cost. This represents the profit earned by the business.

A business's financial statement that summarizes its revenues, expenses, and profits over a specific period.

The point at which increasing production leads to a decrease in average cost per unit.