Maritime Navigation Assessment

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Questions and Answers

What is the position obtained by applying only your vessel's course and speed to a known position?

Dead-reckoning (correct)

Applied position

Fix

Probable position

What is the equivalent of a barometric pressure reading of 29.92 inches of mercury?

1015.25 millibars

1013.25 millibars (correct)

1010.35 millibars

1012.35 millibars

What is apparent altitude corrected for?

inaccuracies in the reading and reference level (correct)

double-second difference

chronometer error and dip

difference in assumed latitude and actual latitude

What is the nature of the beam transmitted by an echo sounder?

Directional Signup and view all the answers

Where can data relating to the direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents be found?

Tidal Current Tables Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of sound in water?

1.3 kilometers per second Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transducer is used in an echo sounder?

Magnetostriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Flinders bar on a magnetic compass?

It compensates for the error caused by the vertical component of the Earth's magnetic field Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of the low frequency pulse of the echo sounder?

24 kHz Signup and view all the answers

What is used to draw a line on the paper to mark a specific time of an occurrence on an echo sounder?

Event marker Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon in which the axis of an object wobbles when torque is applied?

Torque-induced precession Signup and view all the answers

What is an error in a gyrocompass caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude?

Rapid error Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the speed of sound in water when its salinity increases?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What can cause false echoes in an echo sounder?

Schools of big fish Signup and view all the answers

If a vessel's heading is 330°PGC and 345°PSC with a 2°E gyro error, and there is a variation of 10°W, what is the deviation on this heading?

7° W Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical accuracy of a position obtained through DGPS?

10 m Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the angle between the grid and magnetic meridians?

Declination Signup and view all the answers

If a vessel's heading is 330°PGC and 345°PSC with a 2°E gyro error, and there is a variation of 6°W, what is the deviation on this heading?

3° W Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction of a gyro compass to an applied force?

Precession Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is used to indicate direction by measuring course and bearing?

Pelorus Signup and view all the answers

What does the compass rose on a nautical chart indicate?

Variation and compass error Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard atmospheric pressure in millimeters of mercury?

760 Signup and view all the answers

What is the first action to take if the vessel's course is slowly changing to the right while steaming at night with the gyro-pilot engaged?

Switch to hand steering Signup and view all the answers

How long is a nautical mile?

1852 meters Signup and view all the answers

What is the shortest distance between any two points on earth defined as?

Great circle Signup and view all the answers

What type of chart covers a large area?

Small scale chart Signup and view all the answers

What do isogonic lines on a chart indicate?

Points of equal variation Signup and view all the answers

Where is the revision of a chart printed?

Any clear area around the neat line Signup and view all the answers

What type of chart is a Mercator chart?

Cylindrical projection Signup and view all the answers

What chart symbol indicates that the bottom is coral?

Co Signup and view all the answers

What publication contains ocean current information for voyage planning?

Sailing Directions Signup and view all the answers

What is the altitude after applying the Dip and index error?

Apparent altitude Signup and view all the answers

What is the interval between the sun's upper limb being in the horizon and its center being 12 degrees below called?

Observational twilight Signup and view all the answers

What is the dividing meridian between zone descriptions +4 and +5?

67° 30' W Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave behavior is seen when a wave passes an obstruction?

Diffraction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of table used in voyage planning and navigating?

Sight Reduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of an East Cardinal Mark in the IALA Buoyage System?

Black band above and below yellow band Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for the voyage plan?

The Master Signup and view all the answers

What should the new helmsman know when relieving the helm?

Course per magnetic steering compass Signup and view all the answers

What action should you take if a crew member has just fallen overboard off your port side?

Immediately put the rudder over hard left Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Position and Direction

Dead-reckoning: position obtained by applying only vessel's course and speed to a known position
Applied position: position obtained by applying estimated current and wind to vessel's course and speed
Estimated position: position obtained by applying estimated current and wind to vessel's course and speed
Probable position: position obtained by applying only vessel's course and speed to a known position

Pressure and Altitude

1 atmosphere = 1013.25 millibars
Apparent altitude: sextant altitude corrected for inaccuracies in reading and reference level

Tides and Currents

Tidal Current Tables: data relating to direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents
Rotary tidal currents: type of tidal currents that rotate around a central point

Echo Sounders

Speed of sound in water: 1.5 kilometers per second
Echo sounder frequency: 24 kHz (low frequency pulse)
Event marker: used to draw a line on paper to mark a specific time of occurrence
Directional beam: nature of beam transmitted by echo sounder

Gyro error: error caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude
Stream error: error in gyrocompass caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude
Error of collimation: error in gyrocompass caused by misalignment of gyrocompass with ship's axis
Parallax error: error in gyrocompass caused by viewing gyrocompass from an angle

Great circle: shortest distance between two points on Earth
Rhumb line: line on a chart that crosses all meridians at the same angle
Isogonic lines: lines on a chart indicating points of equal variation
Mercator chart: type of chart that preserves angles and shapes

Sailing Directions: publication containing ocean current information for voyage planning
World port index: publication containing information on ports around the world
Coast pilot: publication containing information on coastal navigation
Voyage plan: plan outlining route, fuel consumption, and other details for a voyage

Other

Nautical mile: length of 6,076 feet or 1,850 meters
Magnetic variation: angle between magnetic and geographic meridians
Grid variation: angle between grid and magnetic meridians
Gyroscopic inertia: property of gyrocompass that causes it to resist changes in direction

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Description

Assessment questionnaire for university students in maritime navigation, covering topics such as dead-reckoning, fixing positions, and estimating positions.