Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the position obtained by applying only your vessel's course and speed to a known position?
What is the position obtained by applying only your vessel's course and speed to a known position?
What is the equivalent of a barometric pressure reading of 29.92 inches of mercury?
What is the equivalent of a barometric pressure reading of 29.92 inches of mercury?
What is apparent altitude corrected for?
What is apparent altitude corrected for?
What is the nature of the beam transmitted by an echo sounder?
What is the nature of the beam transmitted by an echo sounder?
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Where can data relating to the direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents be found?
Where can data relating to the direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents be found?
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What is the speed of sound in water?
What is the speed of sound in water?
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Which type of transducer is used in an echo sounder?
Which type of transducer is used in an echo sounder?
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What is the purpose of the Flinders bar on a magnetic compass?
What is the purpose of the Flinders bar on a magnetic compass?
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What is the frequency of the low frequency pulse of the echo sounder?
What is the frequency of the low frequency pulse of the echo sounder?
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What is used to draw a line on the paper to mark a specific time of an occurrence on an echo sounder?
What is used to draw a line on the paper to mark a specific time of an occurrence on an echo sounder?
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What is the phenomenon in which the axis of an object wobbles when torque is applied?
What is the phenomenon in which the axis of an object wobbles when torque is applied?
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What is an error in a gyrocompass caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude?
What is an error in a gyrocompass caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude?
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What happens to the speed of sound in water when its salinity increases?
What happens to the speed of sound in water when its salinity increases?
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What can cause false echoes in an echo sounder?
What can cause false echoes in an echo sounder?
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If a vessel's heading is 330°PGC and 345°PSC with a 2°E gyro error, and there is a variation of 10°W, what is the deviation on this heading?
If a vessel's heading is 330°PGC and 345°PSC with a 2°E gyro error, and there is a variation of 10°W, what is the deviation on this heading?
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What is the typical accuracy of a position obtained through DGPS?
What is the typical accuracy of a position obtained through DGPS?
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What is the term for the angle between the grid and magnetic meridians?
What is the term for the angle between the grid and magnetic meridians?
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If a vessel's heading is 330°PGC and 345°PSC with a 2°E gyro error, and there is a variation of 6°W, what is the deviation on this heading?
If a vessel's heading is 330°PGC and 345°PSC with a 2°E gyro error, and there is a variation of 6°W, what is the deviation on this heading?
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What is the reaction of a gyro compass to an applied force?
What is the reaction of a gyro compass to an applied force?
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What instrument is used to indicate direction by measuring course and bearing?
What instrument is used to indicate direction by measuring course and bearing?
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What does the compass rose on a nautical chart indicate?
What does the compass rose on a nautical chart indicate?
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What is the standard atmospheric pressure in millimeters of mercury?
What is the standard atmospheric pressure in millimeters of mercury?
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What is the first action to take if the vessel's course is slowly changing to the right while steaming at night with the gyro-pilot engaged?
What is the first action to take if the vessel's course is slowly changing to the right while steaming at night with the gyro-pilot engaged?
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How long is a nautical mile?
How long is a nautical mile?
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What is the shortest distance between any two points on earth defined as?
What is the shortest distance between any two points on earth defined as?
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What type of chart covers a large area?
What type of chart covers a large area?
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What do isogonic lines on a chart indicate?
What do isogonic lines on a chart indicate?
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Where is the revision of a chart printed?
Where is the revision of a chart printed?
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What type of chart is a Mercator chart?
What type of chart is a Mercator chart?
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What chart symbol indicates that the bottom is coral?
What chart symbol indicates that the bottom is coral?
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What publication contains ocean current information for voyage planning?
What publication contains ocean current information for voyage planning?
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What is the altitude after applying the Dip and index error?
What is the altitude after applying the Dip and index error?
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What is the interval between the sun's upper limb being in the horizon and its center being 12 degrees below called?
What is the interval between the sun's upper limb being in the horizon and its center being 12 degrees below called?
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What is the dividing meridian between zone descriptions +4 and +5?
What is the dividing meridian between zone descriptions +4 and +5?
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What type of wave behavior is seen when a wave passes an obstruction?
What type of wave behavior is seen when a wave passes an obstruction?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of table used in voyage planning and navigating?
Which of the following is NOT a type of table used in voyage planning and navigating?
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What is the color of an East Cardinal Mark in the IALA Buoyage System?
What is the color of an East Cardinal Mark in the IALA Buoyage System?
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Who is responsible for the voyage plan?
Who is responsible for the voyage plan?
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What should the new helmsman know when relieving the helm?
What should the new helmsman know when relieving the helm?
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What action should you take if a crew member has just fallen overboard off your port side?
What action should you take if a crew member has just fallen overboard off your port side?
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Study Notes
Navigation and Marine Engineering
Position and Direction
- Dead-reckoning: position obtained by applying only vessel's course and speed to a known position
- Applied position: position obtained by applying estimated current and wind to vessel's course and speed
- Estimated position: position obtained by applying estimated current and wind to vessel's course and speed
- Probable position: position obtained by applying only vessel's course and speed to a known position
Pressure and Altitude
- 1 atmosphere = 1013.25 millibars
- Apparent altitude: sextant altitude corrected for inaccuracies in reading and reference level
Tides and Currents
- Tidal Current Tables: data relating to direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents
- Rotary tidal currents: type of tidal currents that rotate around a central point
Echo Sounders
- Speed of sound in water: 1.5 kilometers per second
- Echo sounder frequency: 24 kHz (low frequency pulse)
- Event marker: used to draw a line on paper to mark a specific time of occurrence
- Directional beam: nature of beam transmitted by echo sounder
Gyrocompass and Navigation
- Gyro error: error caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude
- Stream error: error in gyrocompass caused by rapid changes in course, speed, and latitude
- Error of collimation: error in gyrocompass caused by misalignment of gyrocompass with ship's axis
- Parallax error: error in gyrocompass caused by viewing gyrocompass from an angle
Charts and Navigation
- Great circle: shortest distance between two points on Earth
- Rhumb line: line on a chart that crosses all meridians at the same angle
- Isogonic lines: lines on a chart indicating points of equal variation
- Mercator chart: type of chart that preserves angles and shapes
Voyage Planning and Navigation
- Sailing Directions: publication containing ocean current information for voyage planning
- World port index: publication containing information on ports around the world
- Coast pilot: publication containing information on coastal navigation
- Voyage plan: plan outlining route, fuel consumption, and other details for a voyage
Other
- Nautical mile: length of 6,076 feet or 1,850 meters
- Magnetic variation: angle between magnetic and geographic meridians
- Grid variation: angle between grid and magnetic meridians
- Gyroscopic inertia: property of gyrocompass that causes it to resist changes in direction
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Description
Assessment questionnaire for university students in maritime navigation, covering topics such as dead-reckoning, fixing positions, and estimating positions.
