Maritime Access Equipment Safety Regulations
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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended hierarchy of access arrangements for small craft, starting with the safest first?

  • Gangway between small craft and the quay, quay steps, quay wall, pier or other vessel/small craft (correct)
  • Fixed ladder from the quay, quay wall, pier or jetty
  • Stepping directly (short step, level access) between the small craft and the quay, quay steps, quay wall, pier, other vessel/small craft or pontoon
  • Portable ladder between the small craft and the quay, quay wall, pier or jetty

    • What should be provided to anyone embarking or disembarking between the ship and the head of the pilot ladder?

  • An accommodation ladder used in conjunction with a pilot ladder
  • A forward-shining, overside light
  • Safe, convenient and unobstructed access (correct)
  • A lifebuoy with self-igniting light

    • What should be ensured about steps and spacers when rigging pilot ladders?

  • They do not become entrapped or twisted (correct)
  • They are secured to handrails
  • They are rigged in a position taking the weight of the ladder
  • They are not horizontal

    • What is recommended at night for lighting the pilot ladder and ship’s deck?

    <p>A forward-shining, overside light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important about rigging pilot ladders to minimize danger to pilots when boarding and leaving ships?

    <p>The steps should be horizontal and lower end at a height above water for ease of access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What angle should portable ladders be used at?

    <p>75° from the horizontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should bulwark ladders be provided?

    <p>When gangways rest on or are flush with the top of the bulwark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the master regarding access equipment provided from the shore?

    <p>To ensure safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with guard ropes, chains, etc. at all times?

    <p>Keep them taut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should portable ladders be used for access to a ship?

    <p>Only when no other means is available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of safety nets?

    <p>To minimize injury from falls between the ship and quay or falling onto the quay, deck, or between two vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should inclinations of gangways or ladders be kept?

    <p>Within design limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for gangways, accommodation ladders, and winches used for lifting or access?

    <p>Regular testing and maintenance with records of test certificates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential when boarding or leaving a ship or moving through a dock area?

    <p>Extreme caution, particularly around container terminals and heavy machinery areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if transferring personnel between two unsecured ships at sea is necessary?

    <p>Implement a risk assessment and safety measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must pilot ladders and accommodation ladders comply with?

    <p>$SOLAS$ Chapter V regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if safe boarding arrangements may not be practical using conventional methods?

    <p>Alternative means or careful supervision may be necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be documented regarding inspections, maintenance work, and repairs?

    <p>The most recent inspection date, responsible person or body, upcoming inspection and renewal dates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for small boats or tenders used for transport between ships and the shore?

    <p>To be seaworthy, suitably powered, and equipped with necessary safety equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered to be an integral part of ensuring a safe working environment on board?

    <p>Providing safe access to and from a ship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required by the Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997, regulation 5(2)(e)?

    <p>Ensuring a safe working environment on board</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must alternative measures for providing a safe means of access ensure?

    <p>At least an equivalent level of safety in the operating conditions at the time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are gangways and accommodation ladders classified?

    <p>As lifting equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in respect of boarding arrangements?

    <p>'Some areas that may require attention'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum slope angle allowed for accommodation ladders?

    <p>55 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What standard must bulwark ladders comply with?

    <p>BS MA 39, Part 2:1973</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the minimum diameter of man-ropes for accessing the ship?

    <p>28 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should replacement pilot ladders be certified as compliant with international standards and MED approved?

    <p>On or after 1 July 2012</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the position of pilot ladders to allow safe boarding after climbing no more than 9 meters?

    <p>Within the mid-ship half-section of the ship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for small boats or tenders used for transport between ships and shore?

    <p>Lifebuoys, lifejackets, a first aid kit, and a liferaft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum length requirement for ships carrying gangways?

    <p>30 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which international standard is specified for accommodation ladders?

    <p>BS ISO 5488:2015</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should each accommodation ladder or gangway be clearly marked with?

    <p>Plate showing restrictions on safe operation and loading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum length requirement for ships carrying accommodation ladders?

    <p>120 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the standards, what must access equipment be free from?

    <p>Patent defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the structure of accommodation ladders and gangways allow for?

    <p>Regular inspection, maintenance, and lubrication of pivot pin if necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should marking plates on accommodation ladders or gangways show?

    <p>Minimum and maximum permitted design angles or inclination, design load, and maximum load on the bottom end plate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should rope ladders comply with?

    <p>Requirements in section 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the specified international standards for aluminium shore gangways for seagoing vessels?

    <p>ISO 7061:2015</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must access equipment be in terms of construction, material, and strength?

    <p>Good construction, sound material, and adequate strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for access equipment regarding patent defect?

    <p>Free from patent defect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specified international standard for ships and marine technology regarding accommodation ladders?

    <p>BS ISO 5488:2015</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which standard should gangways comply with?

    <p>BS MA 78:1978</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended hierarchy of access arrangements for small craft?

    <p>Gangway, direct steps, fixed ladder, portable ladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should rope ladders comply with?

    <p>Section 4 requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum slope angle allowed for accommodation ladders?

    <p>$55°$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must access equipment be free from?

    <p>Patent defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should gangways not be fixed to unless designed for it?

    <p>The ship's railings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the master regarding access equipment provided from the shore?

    <p>To ensure it complies with appropriate standards and is properly maintained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must alternative measures for providing a safe means of access ensure?

    <p>At least an equivalent level of safety in the operating conditions at the time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should each accommodation ladder or gangway be clearly marked with?

    <p>Safe working load and maximum slope angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required by the Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997, regulation 5(2)(e)?

    <p>Ensuring a safe working environment on board</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in respect of boarding arrangements?

    <p>The importance of compliance with appropriate standards and best practice guidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be provided to anyone embarking or disembarking between the ship and the head of the pilot ladder?

    <p>Safe means of access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to ensure compliance with international standards for pilot ladders installed on or after July 1, 2012?

    <p>They should be certified by the manufacturer as MED approved and compliant with international standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended diameter for man-ropes provided on ships?

    <p>28 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of connecting mild steel fittings to aluminum without proper precautions?

    <p>Galvanic corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a combination of accommodation and pilot ladders be provided on each side of a ship?

    <p>When the freeboard of the ship is more than 9 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if corrosion reduces the parent metal thickness to 3 mm?

    <p>Back plates should be fitted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must bulwark ladders comply with?

    <p>Specifications in Shipbuilding Industry Standard SIS 7 or BS MA 39, Part 2:1973, or equivalent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum angle allowed for portable ladders to be used for access to a ship?

    <p>75° from the horizontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be ensured about steps and spacers when rigging pilot ladders?

    <p>They must be evenly spaced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the master regarding access equipment provided from the shore?

    <p>To ensure safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if safe boarding arrangements may not be practical using conventional methods?

    <p>Use alternative measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important about rigging pilot ladders to minimize danger to pilots when boarding and leaving ships?

    <p>Rigging should allow for safe boarding after climbing no more than 9 meters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should replacement pilot ladders be certified as compliant with international standards and MED approved?

    <p>Every two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be documented regarding gangways, accommodation ladders, and winches used for lifting or access?

    <p>The most recent inspection date and upcoming inspection and renewal dates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required if safe boarding arrangements may not be practical using conventional methods?

    <p>Alternative means or careful supervision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized when moving through a dock area, especially around heavy machinery?

    <p>Extreme caution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential if transferring personnel between two unsecured ships at sea is necessary?

    <p>A risk assessment and safety measures should be implemented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must pilot ladders and accommodation ladders comply with?

    <p>SOLAS Chapter V regulations only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to ensure the safety of those boarding or leaving a ship?

    <p>Provide suitable and safe boarding arrangements with extreme caution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Any safety concerns regarding access equipment, including those provided by shore authorities, must be reported immediately and addressed before further use.

    • Aluminum equipment should undergo regular corrosion and fracture inspections as per Annex 22.2 instructions.

    • All inspections, maintenance work, and repairs should be documented, including the most recent inspection date, the person or body responsible, and upcoming inspection and renewal dates.

    • Gangways, accommodation ladders, and winches used for lifting or access must be tested and maintained, with records kept of any test certificates.

    • In some cases, safe boarding arrangements may not be practical using conventional methods, and alternative means or careful supervision may be necessary.

    • Small boats or tenders used for transport between ships and the shore should be seaworthy, suitably powered, and equipped with necessary safety equipment.

    • When moored next to another ship, cooperation is required to provide suitable and safe boarding arrangements, with the higher-freeboard ship typically providing access.

    • Extreme caution is essential when boarding or leaving a ship or moving through a dock area, with particular attention needed around container terminals and other areas with heavy machinery.

    • Transferring personnel between two unsecured ships at sea is hazardous and should be avoided where possible. If necessary, a risk assessment and safety measures should be implemented.

    • Pilot ladders and accommodation ladders must comply with SOLAS Chapter V regulations, with clear identification and record-keeping procedures.

    • Pilot ladders must be properly maintained, used only for pilot transfers and inspections, and rigged by responsible personnel with proper safety equipment and lighting.

    • Gangways and accommodation ladders on ships must be clearly marked with manufacturer's name, model number, maximum designed angle of use, and safe loading capacity.

    • Gangways must comply with BS MA 78:1978 standard, have suitable fencing, not be used at an angle exceeding 30 degrees, and if rigged in a ship's bulwark or railings, any remaining gaps should be adequately fenced.

    • Accommodation ladders must be designed to rest firmly against the ship's side, have a slope angle no more than 55 degrees, provide a safe foothold, be fitted with suitable fencing, and have direct access between the head of the ladder and the ship's deck.

    • Accommodation ladders must be operationally tested and records of tests should be maintained.

    • Bulwark ladders must comply with Shipbuilding Industry Standard No. SIS 7 or BS MA 39, Part 2:1973 Specification for ships’ ladders.

    • Pilot ladders must be of adequate width, length, and slip-resistant steps.

    • New or replacement pilot ladders installed on or after 1 July 2012 must be certified by the manufacturer as being compliant with international standards and duly marked as being Marine Equipment Directive (MED) approved.

    • Pilot ladders should be positioned and secured so that they are clear of possible discharges from the ship, within the mid-ship half-section of the ship, can rest firmly against the ship's side, and allow the person climbing to safely and conveniently board the ship after climbing no more than 9 meters.

    • Replacement steps on pilot ladders must be secured in the same way as the original construction.

    • Two man-ropes of not less than 28 mm in diameter should be provided for accessing the ship.

    • Adequate handholds should be provided where access to the ship is by a gateway in the rails or bulkhead.

    • Bulwark ladders should be securely attached to the bulwark rail or landing platform, and two handhold stanchions should be provided.

    • Where the freeboard of the ship is more than 9 meters, a combination of accommodation and pilot ladders must be provided on each side of the ship.

    • Accommodation ladders must comply with the same standards as gangways and extend at least 2 meters above the pilot ladder's bottom platform.

    • If a trap door is fitted in the bottom platform of the accommodation ladder to access the pilot ladder, the opening should be no less than 750 mm square, and the after part of the bottom platform should be fenced as the rest of the ladder.

    • Pilot ladder should extend above the lower platform to the height of the handrail.

    • Proper lee is important for pilot boats when boarding ships; arrangements for boarding should be near amidships, not under overhanging parts of the ship's hull.

    • Pilot ladder safety: steps should be horizontal, ladder should rest firmly against the ship, pilot ladder should extend at least 2m above bottom platform, safe access should be provided, lifebuoy and light should be available at access point, pilot ladder top should be secured to certified fixing point, care should be taken to prevent steps or spacers from being entrapped or twisted.

    • Safe access to small craft: consider gangways first, followed by direct steps, fixed ladders, and portable ladders; all methods can be safe with appropriate safety measures.

    • Recommended hierarchy of access arrangements: gangway, direct steps, fixed ladder, portable ladder.

    • Accommodation ladders and gangways should comply with international standards such as BS ISO 5488:2015 and ISO 7061:2015.

    • Accommodation ladders: rest firmly against ship, slope angle no more than 55°, provide safe foothold, fitted with fencing, lowest platform no more than 600mm above waterline, provide direct access to ship's deck.

    • Gangways: comply with BS MA 78:1978 or equivalent, fitted with suitable fencing, not used at angle greater than 30° from horizontal, not fixed to ship's railings unless designed for it.

    • Access equipment: of good construction, sound material, adequate strength, free from patent defect, properly maintained.

    • Rope ladders must comply with section 4 requirements.

    • Access equipment must be clearly marked with manufacturer's name, model number, maximum designed angle of use, and maximum safe loading.

    • Gangways: should comply with BS MA 78:1978 specifications, fitted with suitable fencing along entire length, not used at angle greater than 30° from horizontal, not fixed to ship's railings unless designed for it.

    • Any safety concerns regarding access equipment, including those provided by shore authorities, must be reported immediately and addressed before further use.

    • Aluminum equipment should undergo regular corrosion and fracture inspections as per Annex 22.2 instructions.

    • All inspections, maintenance work, and repairs should be documented, including the most recent inspection date, the person or body responsible, and upcoming inspection and renewal dates.

    • Gangways, accommodation ladders, and winches used for lifting or access must be tested and maintained, with records kept of any test certificates.

    • In some cases, safe boarding arrangements may not be practical using conventional methods, and alternative means or careful supervision may be necessary.

    • Small boats or tenders used for transport between ships and the shore should be seaworthy, suitably powered, and equipped with necessary safety equipment.

    • When moored next to another ship, cooperation is required to provide suitable and safe boarding arrangements, with the higher-freeboard ship typically providing access.

    • Extreme caution is essential when boarding or leaving a ship or moving through a dock area, with particular attention needed around container terminals and other areas with heavy machinery.

    • Transferring personnel between two unsecured ships at sea is hazardous and should be avoided where possible. If necessary, a risk assessment and safety measures should be implemented.

    • Pilot ladders and accommodation ladders must comply with SOLAS Chapter V regulations, with clear identification and record-keeping procedures.

    • Pilot ladders must be properly maintained, used only for pilot transfers and inspections, and rigged by responsible personnel with proper safety equipment and lighting.

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    Test your knowledge of safety regulations for maritime access equipment including reporting defects, examining aluminum equipment for corrosion and fracture, and recording inspections, maintenance, and repairs.

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