Marital Commitment & Satisfaction

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According to the investment model of commitment, what three factors collectively explain approximately 90% of the variance in commitment level?

Satisfaction level, quality of alternatives, and investment size. (correct)
Relationship duration, shared experiences, and communication frequency.
Financial stability, physical attraction, and emotional support.
Family approval, career prospects, and personal growth.

In the context of the investment model of commitment, 'investment size' refers to:

Resources or sunk costs that would be lost if the relationship ended. (correct)
The total monetary value spent on the relationship.
The potential for future growth and success within the relationship.
The level of emotional intimacy shared between partners.

Which of the following is NOT identified as a direct influence on marital satisfaction?

Influence of extended families and social contexts.
Emotional and personality characteristics of each partner.
Individual career success outside the marriage. (correct)
The couple's interaction patterns.

What is the significance of positive affect in predicting marital stability, according to Gottman's findings?

It is the only predictor of marital stability and happiness among stable couples. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to Gottman's research, what ratio of positive to negative interactions do happy couples typically exhibit?

5:1 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of Gottman’s “Four Horsemen of Negativity” involves being uncooperative and unwilling to discuss or acknowledge issues?

Stonewalling (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does a couple that is 'Unhappy' react to their marriage at the start of the marriage, according to the graph?

Low Marriage Satisfaction and Stays at Low Marriage Satisfaction (D) Signup and view all the answers

A couple reports high initial satisfaction that gradually decreases over time. According to marital satisfaction trajectories, what trajectory does this pattern best represent?

Traditional Trajectory (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the BEST description of intimacy in the context of personal relationships?

A close, familiar, and affectionate personal relationship. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the presentation, what is considered the MOST important developmental task in young adulthood?

Establishing intimacy. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following relationship types is characterized by intimacy and affection but excludes sexual interaction?

Platonic Relationships (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of intimate relationships, what distinguishes polyamory from other forms of polygamy?

Polyamory requires the full knowledge and consent of all involved, focusing on multiple loving relationships, while polygamy simply refers to having more than one spouse. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A couple initially decides to live together primarily to share living expenses. Over time, they develop deep emotional bonds and consider their cohabitation as a potential long-term commitment. Which type of intimate relationship does this scenario BEST describe?

Precursor to Marriage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between `hooking up` and `friends with benefits` in the context of casual, short-term relationships?

The degree of emotional investment and expectations of future involvement. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Considering Carrie Bradshaw's quote, "The most exciting, challenging and significant relationship of all is the one you have with yourself," how does self-relationship impact one's ability to form intimate relationships with others?

A healthy self-relationship is essential for genuine intimacy and connection with others. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies how commitment can grow out of intimacy?

Two people develop a deep emotional bond through shared experiences and mutual support, leading them to decide to get married. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the potential benefits of singlehood?

Enhanced social status within the community (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the 19th century, dating practices differed significantly from modern dating culture. What was a key characteristic of dating during that time?

Dating was supervised by adults and expected to lead to marriage. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the textbook, which of the following is NOT considered a primary function of dating?

Providing opportunities for personal introspection (B) Signup and view all the answers

Within the context of exchange theory in dating, what behaviour are men more likely to exhibit compared to women?

Showing off material assets like education and income (A) Signup and view all the answers

How has technology influenced modern dating experiences?

It has shaped how people meet dating partners and experience dating relationships. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the wheel theory of love, what is the correct order of the stages of love?

Rapport, Self-revelation, Development of mutual dependencies, Personal-need fulfillment (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do men and women typically differ in their approaches to communication within relationships?

Women use communication to build connections and solve problems, while men find closeness through shared experiences. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that individuals are attracted to those who possess desirable qualities that they themselves lack?

Complementarity of Needs (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the investment model of commitment, what happens when individuals perceive that their investments in a relationship are growing?

They are less likely to leave the relationship due to potential loss. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies the concept of 'quality of alternatives' in the investment model of commitment?

An individual remains committed because they believe no better partners are available. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What role do emotional and personality characteristics play in marital satisfaction?

They are aspects individuals bring to the marriage that influence satisfaction. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In what way did dating practices in the 19th century differ MOST significantly from contemporary dating culture?

Dating was closely monitored by adults and generally intended to lead to marriage. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do interaction patterns between couples contribute to marital satisfaction?

The way couples engage with each other is a key factor influencing marital satisfaction. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the functions of dating, which purpose primarily serves to enhance an individual's social standing or reputation?

Status enhancement (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to research on marital satisfaction trajectories, what characterizes the 'Unhappy Couple' trajectory from the beginning of the marriage?

Low initial satisfaction that continues to decline. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why might children decrease marital satisfaction for some couples?

Children might introduce stress and change interaction patterns, potentially decreasing satisfaction. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to exchange theory, what are men more likely to emphasize during the early stages of dating?

Material assets such as education, job, or income. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How has the increase in single-person households, career demands, and mobility MOST significantly impacted modern dating?

It has increased the popularity and use of online dating platforms. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In Gottman’s findings, what is the significance of positive affect in predicting marital stability and happiness among stable couples?

Positive affect is the only predictor of marital stability and happiness among stable couples. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the wheel theory of love, what stage follows rapport and involves sharing personal information and feelings?

Self-revelation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of Gottman’s “Four Horsemen of Negativity” involves attacking a partner’s personality or character, rather than addressing a specific behavior?

Criticism (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do men and women generally differ in their approach to fostering closeness in relationships?

Women build closeness through communication, while men often connect through shared experiences. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the concept of social homogamy, which factor is MOST likely to influence mate selection?

Similarities in socioeconomic background and values. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Within filter theory, what criteria are applied after initial attraction and geographical factors have been considered?

Evaluating mutual core needs, compatibility, and social exchange. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of developmental tasks, how does the establishment of intimacy relate to forming a relationship foundation?

Establishing intimacy is the most important developmental task that precedes building a relationship foundation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does 'hooking up' differ from courtship in the context of casual, short-term relationships versus long-term partnership goals?

Hooking up lacks the intention of forming a committed relationship, while courtship is specifically aimed at finding a long-term partner. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does cohabitation as an alternative to living alone differ from cohabitation as a precursor to marriage, in terms of commitment levels and future expectations between partners?

Cohabitation as an alternative to living alone lacks a specific expectation of marriage, while cohabitation as a precursor to marriage anticipates a future commitment to marry. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How might personal commitment within a relationship differ when considering legal recognition (marriage) versus religious commitment (marriage)?

Personal commitment may carry different weight depending on whether the marriage is legally recognized or religiously driven, or both, as each aligns with specific values and expectations (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what way does intimate relationship type (e.g., romantic vs. platonic) influence one's self-disclosure patterns?

Romantic relationships typically involve deeper and broader self-disclosure compared to platonic relationships. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the consideration of singlehood as relationship impacts how one approaches intimate relationships with others?

The relationship you have with yourself can allow you to have your own identity when you get into a relationship with someone else. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do the dynamics within polyamorous relationships differ from those in polyandrous or polygynous setups regarding the knowledge and consent of all involved parties?

Polyamorous relationships emphasize the knowledge and consent of all involved, whereas polyandrous and polygynous relationships are often structured without necessarily ensuring every member's explicit consent. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does intimacy in a platonic relationship, such as between siblings, compare to intimacy in a romantic partnership in terms of emotional expression and physical affection?

Platonic intimacy typically involves similar levels of emotional expression as romantic intimacy but differs by excluding sexual intimacy. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Intimacy

A close, familiar, and usually affectionate or loving personal relationship.

Psychological Intimacy

Feelings from the quality/frequency of physical or emotional connection with self, others, places, and things.