MariaDB 10.4 & 10.5 Features

Study Notes

MariaDB 10.4 & 10.5

MariaDB 10.5 introduced the ed25519 authentication plugin for enhanced security.
You can change the user's authentication method to ed25519 using ALTER USER username@host IDENTIFIED VIA ed25519 using 'new_password'.
MariaDB 10.4 limits users to default authentication plugins like mysql_native_password.

Changing Database Password

The command ALTER USER username@host IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password'; updates the password for the specified user.
The command ALTER USER IDENTIFIED BY can be used to modify the password or authentication method.

Modifying Database Engine

The command ALTER TABLE tablename ENGINE = innodb changes the storage engine for a table.
ALTER TABLE ENGINE can be used to alter the storage engine for a table.

Changing Database Collation

The command ALTER CHARACTER SET COLLATE allows you to modify the character set and collation.
The command ALTER DATABASE name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unico_ci; changes the character set and collation for the entire database.

Varnish

Varnish is a full-page caching solution that acts as a reverse proxy, handling only HTTP traffic.
Varnish uses its own configuration language called VCL (Varnish Configuration Language).
PURGE removes a specific cached file from Varnish.
BAN removes cached files, offering more options for control.

SCP vs Rsync

SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) is used for secure file transfers via the command line.
scp options include source and destination for copying files.
scp -r recursively copies directories and their contents.
SCP doesn't allow resuming transfers, unlike rsync.
-r option in scp and rsync recursively copies directories and contents.
-p option preserves timestamps during file transfers.
-C enables compression during transfers.
-P allows specifying a different port number.
rsync excels for website transfers and backups with features like incremental syncing.
The command rsync -aVP source destination offers a comprehensive combination of options for archival purposes.
-a enables archive mode, preserving permissions, timestamps, and ownership attributes.
-v provides verbose output for detailed information.
-P combines --progress for transfer progress and --partial (resume) for resuming interrupted transfers.

Website Migration Steps

Back up the existing website completely.
Set up the new server environment.
Upload the website files to the new server.
Import the database to the new server.
Update configurations, such as PHP versions and dependencies.
Test the website by configuring the local hosts file.
Update the DNS settings to point to the new server once satisfied with the testing.
Verify that the DNS propagation has begun.

Suhosin

Suhosin is a security extension primarily for PHP versions before 7, like 5.6 or 5.x.
It strengthens PHP environments by adding extra layers of protection against vulnerabilities and exploits.
Suhosin focuses on preventing file-based attacks and session hijacking.
It disables potentially dangerous functions like eval and shell_exec to mitigate code execution risks.
Suhosin operates on the PHP level, preventing attacks even if vulnerabilities exist in the PHP code itself.

Opcache

Opcache is a built-in caching engine in PHP that significantly speeds up script execution by storing pre-compiled bytecode in shared memory.
This eliminates the need for repetitive parsing and compilation of scripts for each request, improving performance.
Opcache may not be as ideal for highly dynamic websites where data is frequently changing.
Opcache updates the cached bytecode automatically based on file timestamps.
Opcache is enabled by default since PHP 5.5, and you can enable it explicitly by setting opcache.enable=1 in php.ini.
You can use opcache_reset and opcache_invalidate commands to manage the opcache.

Description

Explore the key features of MariaDB 10.4 and 10.5 in this quiz. Learn about authentication methods, password changes, database engine modifications, and collation adjustments. Test your knowledge on how to utilize these commands effectively.

MariaDB 10.4 & 10.5 Features

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Questions and Answers

Which authentication plugin was introduced in MariaDB 10.5 for enhanced security?

The command 'ALTER USER username@host IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';' can be used to change a database password.

What command is used to change the database engine to InnoDB?

To change the database collation, use the command 'ALTER DATABASE name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE ___________'.

Match the following SCP options with their descriptions:

Which of the following rsync options is used to archive files and preserve permissions?

Suhosin is primarily used for PHP versions 7 and above.

What is the main purpose of Opcache in PHP?

To enable opcache in the php.ini file, the directive should be set to ______.

Match the following steps for migrating a website with their corresponding descriptions: