18 Questions
What was the name of the organization formed by Marcus Garvey in Jamaica in 1914?
Answer hidden
Where did Marcus Garvey launch the Negros Factories Association and the Black Star Line?
Answer hidden
What was the primary goal of the Negros Factories Association and the Black Star Line?
Answer hidden
What was the outcome of Garvey's solicitation of funds from investors for stock options through mail?
Answer hidden
Where was Marcus Garvey deported to after serving five years in prison?
Answer hidden
What did Marcus Garvey support in 1938, which was created by known white supremacist Senator Theodore Bilbo?
Answer hidden
What did Marcus Garvey attempt to do for Africans in America, which aligned with some aspects of KKK philosophy?
Answer hidden
What was the primary impact on Marcus Garvey from his experiences working across Central America?
Answer hidden
Where was Marcus Garvey born?
Answer hidden
Which country did Marcus Garvey move to after being deported from the United States?
Answer hidden
What was the primary role of the Harlem Hell Fighters in World War I?
Answer hidden
Why was it difficult for African-Americans to join the United States military during World War I?
Answer hidden
What distinguished Henry Johnson's actions in combat?
Answer hidden
What recognition did Henry Johnson receive for his actions in combat?
Answer hidden
What action did the US government take after the Harlem Hell Fighters' outstanding performance in combat?
Answer hidden
How did Henry Johnson's injury in combat affect him upon returning home?
Answer hidden
What did the Harlem Hell Fighters fight for during World War I?
Answer hidden
What was the significant impact of the Harlem Hell Fighters' performance in combat?
Answer hidden
Study Notes
- Marcus Garvey, born in Jamaica in 1887, became a union organizer and advocate for black self-determination and repatriation to Africa.
- In 1912, Garvey sailed to London to study and later returned to Jamaica to form the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).
- UNIA advocated for black pride, economic independence, and self-governance, and inspired black leaders such as Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, and Nelson Mandela.
- In 1916, Garvey came to the US and began publishing the Negro World newspaper.
- Garvey launched the Negro Factories Corporation and the Black Star Line shipping company to transport blacks to Africa, but faced financial difficulties and allegations of fraud.
- Garvey was arrested and convicted of mail fraud and served five years in prison before being deported to England.
- In 1938, Garvey supported the Greater Liberia Act, which aimed to establish an African colony in Liberia, despite criticism from some due to its association with known white supremacist Senator Theodore Bilbo.
- The Harlem Hell Fighters were a regiment of African-American soldiers in the US Army during World War I who faced discrimination and were given to the French army to be used as laborers.
- The Hell Fighters faced prejudice both from their own countrymen and from the French, but ultimately became one of the most decorated units in the US Army.
- Henry Johnson, a Harlem Hell Fighter, single-handedly defended his position against a German raid in 1918, but was not awarded the Legion of Merit until 75 years later and died penniless in 1929.
- The Hell Fighters fought for their country's democracy and equality, but faced discrimination upon their return to the US.
- The story of the Harlem Hell Fighters is often overlooked in American history, but highlights the sacrifices and struggles of African-American soldiers during World War I.
Test your knowledge about Marcus Garvey, his ideas on black nationalism, and his impact on black pride and empowerment. Learn more about the controversial figure who inspired leaders like Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, and Nelson Mandela.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
