Geography June exam P2 (Mix)

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What is the main purpose of mapwork in geography?

Exploring underwater topography

Analyzing weather patterns

Understanding physical and human-made features of the Earth's surface (correct)

Calculating distances between cities

Which map technique is crucial for identifying landforms such as hills and valleys?

Marking population density

Using coordinate grids

Understanding contour lines (correct)

Measuring atmospheric pressure

What are compass bearings used for on a map?

Measuring wind speed

Identifying different vegetation types

Navigating and locating points (correct)

Determining the population of a region

In mapwork, what does the contour interval represent?

The vertical distance between adjacent contour lines Signup and view all the answers

How are directions typically represented on maps?

Using compass points like North, East, South, West Signup and view all the answers

Which skills are involved in mapwork according to the text?

Reading and analyzing maps, calculating distances, understanding gradients, using map coordinates Signup and view all the answers

What is magnetic declination?

The angle between true north and magnetic north Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding map scales important?

To calculate real-world distances on the ground Signup and view all the answers

What do map reference numbers provide?

A way to identify specific locations on a map Signup and view all the answers

How are map coordinates given?

As latitude and longitude Signup and view all the answers

What is vertical exaggeration used for in cross-sections?

To enhance the relief representation by increasing the vertical scale Signup and view all the answers

What is the gradient calculated as?

$\frac{\text{vertical height change}}{\text{horizontal distance}}$ Signup and view all the answers

What do topographic maps provide information on?

Relief, drainage patterns, climate zones, and vegetation Signup and view all the answers

Why are cross-sections useful in map analysis?

To show side view of terrain along a line drawn on the map Signup and view all the answers

What do map scales represent?

Distances on the ground vs. distances on a map Signup and view all the answers

How are geomorphological features identified on topographic maps?

By analyzing contour lines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of vertical aerial photographs?

To provide detailed analysis, mapping, and urban planning. Signup and view all the answers

Which element helps in determining the height and depth of objects in aerial photographs?

Shadow Signup and view all the answers

What is the key benefit of orthophoto maps compared to vertical aerial photographs?

Corrected for distortions Signup and view all the answers

How can aerial photos and orthophotos aid in understanding climate and weather patterns?

By revealing erosion patterns, vegetation distribution, and water availability Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of using orthophoto maps for interpretation and analysis?

Ensuring alignment with corresponding topographic maps Signup and view all the answers

What can drainage patterns help identify when examining watercourses?

Underlying rock structure Signup and view all the answers

Why is aligning north on both orthophoto maps and topographic maps important?

To ensure consistency in analysis Signup and view all the answers

How can orthophoto maps enhance mapwork skills?

By calculating area and understanding scales Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of using aerial photographs and orthophoto maps in fieldwork research?

Providing preliminary insights for hypothesis formation Signup and view all the answers

How do structural landforms like faults and volcanic cones contribute to geomorphological studies?

Providing insights into geological processes and landscape evolution Signup and view all the answers

What process is responsible for identifying the types of rivers and their characteristics?

Erosion Signup and view all the answers

Which activity helps in determining stream orders and drainage density?

Analyzing drainage patterns Signup and view all the answers

How can the area's susceptibility to flooding or drought conditions be assessed?

By calculating drainage density Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to interpret landforms resulting from geological structures like folds and faults?

Using contour lines Signup and view all the answers

What information can the slope analysis provide about a landscape?

The potential for landslides Signup and view all the answers

Why are aerial photographs and orthophoto maps considered indispensable tools in geography?

To identify landforms and human activities Signup and view all the answers

What does GIS stand for?

Geographic Information Systems Signup and view all the answers

Which component of GIS refers to physical elements like computers and GPS devices?

Hardware Signup and view all the answers

What type of spatial data represents geographic features as points, lines, and polygons?

Vector Data Signup and view all the answers

Which GIS functionality involves creating zones around map features to analyze impacts like pollution spread or noise levels?

Buffering Signup and view all the answers

In GIS, what is the term used for extracting information based on specific criteria?

Querying Signup and view all the answers

Which sector utilizes GIS for market analysis, logistics, real estate, and agriculture?

Private Sector Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of developing a 'Paper GIS'?

'Paper GIS' is used for manual layers creation for educational or preliminary planning purposes Signup and view all the answers

'Raster Data' in GIS comprises what?

consist of grid cells or pixels Signup and view all the answers

'Attribute Data' in GIS refers to what?

are the type of vegetation or the name of a road Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of compass bearings in mapwork?

Representing directions more precisely Signup and view all the answers

Why is the understanding of contour lines important in map interpretation?

To identify the height above sea level Signup and view all the answers

What do compass points like North, East, South, and West help represent on maps?

Intermediate points between cardinal directions Signup and view all the answers

How are bearings different from compass points in mapwork?

Bearings are angles measured clockwise from north Signup and view all the answers

Which skill is NOT typically involved in mapwork according to the provided content?

Interpreting cloud formations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating the contour interval in mapwork?

Representing elevation changes on a map Signup and view all the answers

Which element is crucial in differentiating between various landforms and man-made structures on aerial photographs?

Tone Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of aerial photographs enables the determination of the height and depth of objects?

Shadow Signup and view all the answers

In geographic studies, what do drainage patterns help identify when examining watercourses?

Underlying rock structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of aligning orthophoto maps with corresponding topographic maps?

Consistency in analysis Signup and view all the answers

Why are structural landforms like folds, faults, and volcanic cones important in geomorphological studies?

To identify geological structures Signup and view all the answers

Which skill can be enhanced by practicing aligning orthophoto maps with topographic maps?

Spatial awareness Signup and view all the answers

How do aerial photographs and orthophoto maps bridge the gap between theoretical geography and real-world observations?

By offering immediate insights Signup and view all the answers

What does the configuration of watercourses and their tributaries help identify when examining drainage patterns?

Drainage density Signup and view all the answers

How do slope elements like gradient, aspect, and shape aid in landscape analysis?

Determining land use potential Signup and view all the answers

What insights can be gained from identifying structural landforms like faults and volcanic cones in aerial photographs?

Geological processes Signup and view all the answers

How is magnetic declination defined?

The angle between true north and the magnetic north Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of map coordinates in geography?

To pinpoint exact locations on Earth's surface Signup and view all the answers

Why are cross-sections important in map analysis?

To show the side view of terrain along a line drawn on the map Signup and view all the answers

What information do map scales provide?

Relationship between distances on the map and actual distances on the ground Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vertical exaggeration in cross-sections?

To enhance relief representation by increasing the vertical scale relative to the horizontal Signup and view all the answers

Why are map reference systems essential for navigation?

To identify specific locations on a map systematically Signup and view all the answers

What role do map scales play in distance calculations?

Showing relationships between distances on maps and actual distances on the ground Signup and view all the answers

What does understanding gradients help analyze?

Geomorphological features Signup and view all the answers

How do cross-sections contribute to understanding topography?

By showing a side view of terrain along a line drawn on a map Signup and view all the answers

Why are grid references crucial for location identification on maps?

To provide systematic identification of specific locations on a map Signup and view all the answers

What does GIS software like ArcGIS or QGIS primarily do?

Analyze geographical data Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of buffering in GIS?

Creating zones around map features for analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which GIS component ensures data consistency for accurate analysis?

Network infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is ideal for representing continuous phenomena like temperature gradients in GIS?

Raster data Signup and view all the answers

In GIS, what does querying involve?

Extracting information based on specific criteria Signup and view all the answers

Which GIS functionality involves stacking different types of data in layers for analysis?

Data layering/thematic layering Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of developing a 'Paper GIS'?

Creating manual layers for educational purposes Signup and view all the answers

What are the fundamental geometric shapes used in GIS to represent spatial features?

Points/Nodes, Lines, Areas/Polygons Signup and view all the answers

What can analyzing drainage patterns like dendritic, trellis, and radial help determine?

Stream orders and drainage density Signup and view all the answers

How do oblique aerial photographs differ from vertical ones?

They are captured from a different angle Signup and view all the answers

What does interpreting slope elements like aspect, gradient, and shape help evaluate?

Land stability, land use potential, erosion risk Signup and view all the answers

Why is the integration of climate knowledge with geomorphology important in practical mapwork?

To interpret real-world scenarios on maps effectively Signup and view all the answers

What is the main significance of identifying structural landforms like escarpments and ridges?

Understanding land use potential Signup and view all the answers

How do contour lines assist in analyzing slopes?

By representing elevation changes Signup and view all the answers

What role do rivers play in reflecting landscape characteristics?

Influencing geological and hydrological features Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of utilizing aerial photographs and orthophoto maps in geography?

Providing insights into environmental processes and human activities Signup and view all the answers

How does analyzing the distribution of temperature and rainfall contribute to understanding the landscape?

Facilitates the identification of different climate zones and biomes within the map area Signup and view all the answers

What does interpreting graphs and tables related to maps aim to achieve?

Providing insights into local climate variations for a deeper understanding Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using contour lines on maps?

Represent the 3D shape of the terrain Signup and view all the answers

In mapwork, what is the significance of understanding compass directions and bearings?

Locating points accurately on a map Signup and view all the answers

How do contour intervals contribute to map reading and analysis?

Representing the steepness of slopes Signup and view all the answers

What role do map coordinates play in mapwork techniques?

Locating specific points on a map Signup and view all the answers

How are bearings different from cardinal directions on a map?

Bearings use angles measured clockwise from north, while cardinal directions use letters like N, E, S, W Signup and view all the answers

Why are contour lines crucial for identifying landforms like valleys and plateaus?

To visualize elevation changes and steepness of slopes Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a landscape can be deciphered by analyzing the distribution of temperature and rainfall?

Vegetation types Signup and view all the answers

Why are geomorphological studies essential in understanding the Earth's landscape?

To understand geological processes and landscape evolution Signup and view all the answers

What does aligning north on both orthophoto maps and topographic maps ensure?

Consistency in analysis Signup and view all the answers

How do smooth textures on aerial photographs or orthophoto maps contribute to landscape analysis?

Denote water bodies or paved areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying structural landforms like folds, faults, and volcanic cones?

To interpret landforms resulting from geological structures Signup and view all the answers

How does analyzing drainage patterns and river studies contribute to geographic studies?

By examining drainage patterns and watercourses Signup and view all the answers

What skill can be enhanced by practicing aligning orthophoto maps with topographic maps?

Enhancing spatial awareness Signup and view all the answers

Why are aerial photographs and orthophoto maps essential for climate interpretation?

To reveal climate impacts on land Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a landscape can be revealed by examining the configuration of watercourses and their tributaries?

Drainage patterns Signup and view all the answers

How does the analysis of shadow on aerial photographs contribute to understanding the landscape?

Determines the height and depth of objects Signup and view all the answers

What is magnetic declination?

The angle between magnetic north and true north Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding scale important in map reading?

To calculate real-world distances accurately Signup and view all the answers

What does the gradient calculation involve?

Calculating the steepness of a slope Signup and view all the answers

How are map coordinates typically represented?

Given as latitude and longitude Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'intervisibility' refer to in map analysis?

The visibility of objects across terrain Signup and view all the answers

Why is calculating the area of physical features important in mapwork?

For understanding land use and planning purposes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of GIS?

Analyzing and presenting spatial data Signup and view all the answers

Which component of GIS represents physical elements like computers and GPS devices?

Hardware Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of data buffering in GIS?

Analyzing impacts around map features Signup and view all the answers

In GIS, what does querying involve?

Extracting information based on specific criteria Signup and view all the answers

Which type of GIS data is suitable for representing continuous phenomena like temperature gradients?

Raster Data Signup and view all the answers

What purpose does creating layers of different types of data serve in GIS?

Analyzing relationships and patterns Signup and view all the answers

What are some processes that students must understand to interpret climate zones and biomes?

Temperature and rainfall data analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of river pattern involves multiple interconnected streams that divide and rejoin?

Braided rivers Signup and view all the answers

What does the analysis of stream orders and drainage density primarily reflect?

River system complexity Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial in determining the identification of structural landforms like folds and faults?

Geological structures Signup and view all the answers

How can contour lines be used to analyze slopes?

To understand steepness and direction Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant application of map symbols and keys in geographical interpretation?

Locating water bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of integrating climate knowledge with geomorphology in mapwork?

Understanding real-world scenarios depicted on topographic maps Signup and view all the answers

How do aerial photographs differ from orthophoto maps in terms of capturing images?

Aerial photographs capture oblique views while orthophoto maps capture vertical views Signup and view all the answers

What does the interpretation of slope elements like aspect, gradient, and shape help evaluate?

Land stability and erosion risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of contour lines in mapwork?

Showing elevation above sea level Signup and view all the answers

How are compass directions and bearings different in mapwork?

Compass directions use angles, while bearings use points Signup and view all the answers

In mapwork, what does understanding gradients assist in?

Identifying landform features Signup and view all the answers

What function do map coordinates serve in geographical studies?

Locating precise points on a map Signup and view all the answers

Why are bearings more precise than compass points when navigating with maps?

Bearings measure angles accurately, while compass points indicate rough directions Signup and view all the answers

Which element is crucial for identifying the steepness of slopes on a map?

Contour interval Signup and view all the answers

What does analyzing drainage patterns like dendritic, trellis, and radial primarily help determine?

Geological and hydrological characteristics of the landscape Signup and view all the answers

How do oblique aerial photographs differ from vertical ones?

Vertical photographs offer a direct overhead view, whereas oblique ones capture images at an angle. Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding scale important in map reading?

To make accurate distance calculations and understand relative distances Signup and view all the answers

What role do rivers play in reflecting landscape characteristics?

Reflecting the geological and hydrological characteristics of the area Signup and view all the answers

How do slope elements like aspect, gradient, and shape aid in landscape analysis?

Evaluating land stability, land use potential, and erosion risk Signup and view all the answers

How can orthophoto maps enhance mapwork skills?

By identifying landforms, features, and human activities in detail Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying structural landforms like folds, faults, and volcanic cones?

To understand their formation and significance in the landscape Signup and view all the answers

How does analyzing river stream orders contribute to geographic studies?

Through evaluating stream complexity and landscape roles. Signup and view all the answers

What insights can be gained from identifying landforms like escarpments and basins in aerial photographs?

Understanding their formation processes and significance in the landscape. Signup and view all the answers

How is magnetic declination defined?

The angular difference between true north and magnetic north at a specific location. Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the concept of magnetic declination important in mapwork?

To differentiate between true bearings and magnetic bearings Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of map scales in distance calculations on maps?

To represent relationships between distances on the map and actual distances on the ground Signup and view all the answers

How are map coordinates helpful in environmental management?

Pinpointing exact locations on the Earth's surface Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding gradient calculations essential in watershed management?

To assess the steepness of slopes in a landscape Signup and view all the answers

What information do cross-sections provide when analyzing topography on a map?

Analysis of side view of terrain along a drawn line Signup and view all the answers

Why is vertical exaggeration used in cross-sections of terrain on topographic maps?

To enhance relief representation by increasing vertical scale relative to horizontal scale Signup and view all the answers

How does understanding map reference systems aid in navigation?

By identifying specific locations on a map using grid references Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of calculating the area of physical features on maps?

To calculate the area of land uses within a defined boundary Signup and view all the answers

How do map coordinates differ from map scales?

Map coordinates represent relationships between distances on the map and actual distances on the ground. Signup and view all the answers

When analyzing topography using cross-sections, what does intervisibility refer to?

Whether two points can see each other across terrain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)?

Storing spatial and geographical data Signup and view all the answers

Which GIS component involves methods and protocols for data collection, analysis, and application?

Procedures Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of 'Raster Data' in GIS?

Representing continuous phenomena Signup and view all the answers

Which GIS operation involves extracting information based on specific criteria?

Querying Signup and view all the answers

What role do 'Vector Data' play in Geographic Information Systems?

Illustrating linear features Signup and view all the answers

Which GIS functionality involves ensuring data consistency across different layers for accurate analysis?

Data Standardization Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'Paper GIS' developed according to the text?

To create manual layers for preliminary planning Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of analyzing 'Spatial Objects' in GIS?

Understanding geometric shapes Signup and view all the answers

'Buffering' in GIS involves creating zones around map features to analyze what impacts?

Noise levels Signup and view all the answers

How do tone and texture help in interpreting features on aerial photographs?

They reflect the nature of the surface, indicating different land features. Signup and view all the answers

What does aligning north on both orthophoto maps and topographic maps help ensure?

Correct interpretation by maintaining spatial consistency Signup and view all the answers

In geographic studies, what do drainage patterns like dendritic, trellis, and radial help identify?

Configurations of watercourses and tributaries Signup and view all the answers

Why are vertical aerial photographs considered essential for urban planning?

Due to their high level of detail compared to maps Signup and view all the answers

What type of activities can be inferred by changes in land cover and specific structures seen on aerial photographs?

Logging, mining, or construction Signup and view all the answers

How do structural landforms like folds, faults, and volcanic cones contribute to geomorphological studies?

By providing insights into geological processes Signup and view all the answers

What is one practical guideline for utilizing aerial photographs and orthophoto maps in fieldwork research?

Enhancing mapwork skills by calculating area accurately Signup and view all the answers

What do slope elements such as gradient, aspect, and shape help analyze in landscape studies?

Risk of natural disasters Signup and view all the answers

How do orthophoto maps differ from vertical aerial photographs?

Orthophoto maps include scale uniformity throughout the image. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the identification of drainage patterns important in geographical studies?

To gain insights into water flow characteristics and underlying geological processes. Signup and view all the answers

What do rural settlements typically feature?

Predominantly agricultural activities and spread-out housing Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a settlement does 'site' primarily refer to?

Physical attributes of the land like topography and soil quality Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the location of a settlement in relation to other features?

Situation Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes urban settlements from rural settlements?

Higher population density and concentrated development Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of rural settlements?

Lower population density Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus when classifying settlements according to size, complexity, function, and pattern?

Different aspects of settlements Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor influencing the development of rural settlements?

Availability of water Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial for agricultural productivity in rural settlements?

Relief Signup and view all the answers

What is a situation factor that impacts rural settlements' location?

Accessibility to roads Signup and view all the answers

In rural settlements, what does arable land primarily support?

Agricultural practices Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered a site factor for rural settlements?

Tradition Signup and view all the answers

What does pastoral land in rural settlements support?

Grazing animals Signup and view all the answers

How does the proximity to rivers influence rural settlements?

Affects accessibility and agricultural practices Signup and view all the answers

What does the fertility of soil impact in rural settlements?

Agricultural productivity Signup and view all the answers

How do building materials contribute to the development of rural settlements?

Affect settlement sustainability Signup and view all the answers

What does the protection from flooding aspect influence in rural settlements?

Agricultural practices and security Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to conditions that drive people away from rural areas?

Push Factors Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the consequences of rural depopulation for urban areas?

Overcrowding and expansion of informal settlements Signup and view all the answers

What strategy can help address rural depopulation by providing job opportunities?

Industrial decentralization Signup and view all the answers

What is a key social justice issue related to rural settlements?

Land Redistribution Challenges Signup and view all the answers

What does land restitution involve?

Compensating those displaced by past injustices Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge associated with land reform objectives?

Inadequate support for new landowners Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of land reform as mentioned in the text?

Promoting economic growth and reducing poverty Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge associated with urbanization in South Africa?

Environmental degradation Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to traffic congestion in urban areas?

Over-reliance on private vehicles Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of informal settlements?

Establishment without legal land claims Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the deterioration of areas within cities known as urban blight?

Deterioration in transition zones Signup and view all the answers

What commonly results from inadequate urban planning and control?

Loss of green spaces Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant social challenge exacerbated by urbanization?

Marginalization of certain groups Signup and view all the answers

What are informal settlements also known as?

'Squatter' settlements Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of overcrowding in urban areas?

'Strain on infrastructure and services' Signup and view all the answers

What do urban issues related to rapid urbanization suggest?

Challenges intensified by fast urban growth Signup and view all the answers

What is a common problem faced due to housing shortages in urban areas?

Rapid growth of informal settlements Signup and view all the answers

What influences the patterns of rural settlements?

Historical land division and social organization Signup and view all the answers

Which type of rural settlement is typical in areas with extensive farming practices?

Linear Signup and view all the answers

What type of farming aims at self-sufficiency by growing a variety of crops and rearing animals for the family's needs?

Subsistence farming Signup and view all the answers

Where would a fishing-related rural settlement likely be located?

Near water bodies Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences the choice between subsistence farming and commercial farming?

Market access Signup and view all the answers

What does the shape of a rural settlement formed around a central common area historically represent?

Defensive and communal activities Signup and view all the answers

'Linear' rural settlements develop along which geographical features?

Roads, rivers, or valley floors Signup and view all the answers

'Round' rural settlements often evolved from the need for:

'Linear' shape constraints Signup and view all the answers

'T-shape' rural settlements occur where:

'T-shape' minor roads meet major ones Signup and view all the answers

'Nucleated' rural settlements are often found in areas:

'Round' with central common areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the movement of populations from urban areas to rural areas?

Counter-Urbanisation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of urban settlement is characterized by being situated at the confluence of different transport routes?

Junction Towns Signup and view all the answers

What does 'site' refer to in the context of urban settlements?

Immediate physical environment Signup and view all the answers

Which function of urban settlements involves serving as towns or cities that provide goods and services to the surrounding hinterland?

Central Places Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Rate of Urbanisation' specifically measure?

Speed at which the urban population grows compared to overall population growth Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the unplanned and uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into peripheral regions?

Urban Sprawl Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Level of Urbanisation' indicate?

Proportion of total population living in urban areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the main criteria used for the structured ordering of urban settlements in urban hierarchies?

Population size and services offered Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'Threshold Population' refer to in urban settlements?

The minimum number of people required to support a service Signup and view all the answers

Which type of goods have a shorter range and smaller sphere of influence in urban centers?

Low-order goods Signup and view all the answers

What do high-order centers, such as cities, provide within the urban hierarchy?

Specialized products and luxury items Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of urban settlements is characterized by a dominant function or industry?

Specialised Towns Signup and view all the answers

What challenges are urban high-order centers likely to face according to the text?

Congestion, pollution, and housing shortages Signup and view all the answers

What strategies might be implemented to address challenges faced by urban areas?

Developing public transportation and land-use policies Signup and view all the answers

'Urban Structure and Patterns' provide insights into the spatial organization and growth dynamics of ____________.

'Urban areas' Signup and view all the answers

'Urban Hierarchies' are crucial for understanding the distribution, function, and interrelation of ____________ within a region or country.

'Urban settlements' Signup and view all the answers

Which theory provides a framework for understanding the distribution and size of cities within an urban hierarchy?

Central Place Theory Signup and view all the answers

What do central business districts (CBDs) and outlying business districts (OBDs) in urban areas typically exhibit?

Diverse commercial activities and high building density Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes residential zones in urban settlements?

Low-income neighborhoods without amenities Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the shape of urban settlements?

Geographical, historical, socio-economic, and political factors Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates light industrial zones from heavy industrial zones in urban areas?

Type of manufacturing activities Signup and view all the answers

What does the transition zone/zone of decay in urban areas indicate?

Transition areas from residential to commercial or industrial uses Signup and view all the answers

What is the interface between urban and rural areas called?

Rural-urban fringe Signup and view all the answers

What are the push factors that drive people away from rural areas?

Lack of facilities and services Signup and view all the answers

Which consequences arise for urban areas due to rural depopulation?

Overburdened public services Signup and view all the answers

What is a strategy to address rural depopulation related to job creation?

Financial support for rural farmers Signup and view all the answers

What is the key issue under social justice in rural settlements related to land distribution?

Land redistribution Signup and view all the answers

What challenges persist in the objectives of land reform despite its aims to correct historical injustices?

High costs Signup and view all the answers

What consequences can arise from the mismanagement of soil resources in rural areas?

'Soil erosion' Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of rural depopulation on rural areas' economic activities?

'Underutilization of natural resources' Signup and view all the answers

How does rural depopulation contribute to the emergence of ghost towns?

'Closure of amenities' Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary aspect that attracts individuals to urban areas?

'Better access to education and healthcare' Signup and view all the answers

'Brain drain' related to rural depopulation refers to the departure of:

'Skilled and educated individuals' Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinguishing factor between rural and urban settlements?

Population density Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the physical attributes of the land on which a settlement is built?

Site Signup and view all the answers

What geographical factor does 'situation' describe in relation to a settlement?

Accessibility Signup and view all the answers

Which type of settlement is primarily characterized by a predominantly agricultural or natural landscape?

Farmstead Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a settlement does the classification according to size, complexity, function, and pattern primarily focus on?

Economic activities Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses residential areas, economic activities, and infrastructure within a settlement?

Settlement Signup and view all the answers

What primarily influences the layout and distribution of dwellings in rural settlements?

Environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

In rural settlements, what does the 'nucleated' pattern indicate?

Houses grouped together Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor determining the type of agricultural activities in rural areas?

Market access and cultural practices Signup and view all the answers

Which type of farming focuses on maximizing yield through significant labor and capital investment?

Intensive farming Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of 'extensive farming' practiced in rural settlements?

Minimal labor and investment Signup and view all the answers

Which factor heavily influences the choice between different types of farming in rural areas?

Technological advancements Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of rural settlements reflects the balance between community needs, environmental constraints, and economic activities?

Settlement patterns Signup and view all the answers

'Round' shaped rural settlements often have a common area historically used for:

Defense and communal activities Signup and view all the answers

In what type of rural settlement do farmhouses tend to be scattered over a wide area?

Dispersed settlements Signup and view all the answers

What is a key determinant of the shape of rural settlements in different geographic locations?

Historical land division Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of the rapid influx of people into urban areas?

Increased strain on infrastructure and services Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driver of migration from rural to urban areas in South Africa?

Search for employment and better living conditions Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes informal settlements in urban areas?

Established without legal claims to the land and lack of adherence to urban planning regulations Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to urban sprawl and inefficient land use?

Lack of proper urban planning and control measures Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of inadequate public transport systems in urban areas?

Increased air pollution and reduced quality of life Signup and view all the answers

What environmental concern disproportionately affects poor and marginalized communities in urban areas?

Air pollution and noise pollution Signup and view all the answers

What social challenge is exacerbated by rapid urbanization in cities?

Increased social inequality and crime rates Signup and view all the answers

What component characterizes informal settlements like squatter settlements?

Established without legal land claims and adherence to urban planning regulations Signup and view all the answers

What type of settlement pattern results from inadequate urban planning and control?

Dense urban sprawl leading to inefficient land use Signup and view all the answers

Which challenge arises due to the rapid influx of people into urban areas?

Strain on infrastructure and services Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor influencing the development of rural settlements?

Relief Signup and view all the answers

Which settlement type is more likely to be characterized by a multifunctional nature?

Megalopolises Signup and view all the answers

What does 'situation factors' in settlements primarily refer to?

Transport and Accessibility Signup and view all the answers

In the context of rural settlements, what do 'site factors' primarily consider?

Availability of Water Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between rural and urban settlements according to their functions?

Rural settlements are multifunctional while urban settlements host a diverse range of activities. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'topography' primarily influence in relation to settlement patterns?

Adaptation to Environment Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically considered as a 'site factor' in the context of rural settlements?

'Economic Opportunities' Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship is considered in 'inter-settlement relationships'?

Political and Economic Interactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus when examining a rural case study according to the text?

Community Structure and Challenges Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily determines the preference for flat land in settlements?

Relief for Construction Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of increasing population concentration in urban areas called?

Urbanisation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as a reason for the historical location of urban settlements?

Technological advancements Signup and view all the answers

What does 'situation' refer to in the context of urban settlements?

Location concerning other settlements and resources Signup and view all the answers

Which type of urban settlement arises at natural passageways or barriers, serving as entry and exit points?

Gateway/Gap Towns Signup and view all the answers

What function do specialized towns have in urban areas?

Have a dominant function or industry Signup and view all the answers

What challenges are typically faced by urban areas according to the text?

Inadequate infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

What strategies are suggested in the text to address urban challenges?

Sustainable urban planning Signup and view all the answers

'Urban settlements reflect human aspirations, cultural diversity, and technological progress' - How are they described in the text?

'Engines of growth' Signup and view all the answers

'Understanding the complexities of urban settlements is crucial for fostering cities that are not only engines of growth but also bastions of social harmony and environmental sustainability.' - What does this statement emphasize?

'Balance between growth, social harmony, and sustainability.' Signup and view all the answers

What does the central place theory help in understanding?

Distribution and size of cities Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of threshold population in urban settlements?

Ensuring viability and profitability of services Signup and view all the answers

What primarily distinguishes high-order goods and services from low-order ones?

Frequency of consumption Signup and view all the answers

How do specialized towns differ from trade and transport towns in urban classification?

Dominant function or industry Signup and view all the answers

What challenges are typically faced by high-order urban centers according to the text?

Housing shortages and pollution Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for policymakers to analyze urban hierarchies?

For urban planning and economic development Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes central places in an urban hierarchy classification?

Providing essential services to rural areas Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the range of goods in urban centers?

'Sphere of Influence' Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the physical arrangement of land-use zones like residential, commercial, and recreational areas within a city?

Urban morphology Signup and view all the answers

Which type of zone in urban settlements is typically characterized by housing density, socio-economic statuses, and residents' types?

Residential zones Signup and view all the answers

What term describes areas in urban settlements transitioning from residential to commercial or industrial uses, often with aging infrastructure?

Transition zone/Zone of decay Signup and view all the answers

Which model of urban structure suggests that cities develop around multiple centers specializing in different functions?

Multiple Nuclei model (Harris and Ullman) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines the South African City model reflecting historical and socio-political influences like apartheid?

Segregated land-use patterns Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences urban morphological structure alongside street patterns and building density?

Land value Signup and view all the answers

What is the interface between urban and rural areas called, showcasing mixed land-use and transitional characteristics?

Rural-Urban Fringe Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the physical attributes of the land on which a settlement is built?

Site Signup and view all the answers

Which type of settlement is primarily characterized by higher population density and significant non-agricultural economic activities?

Conurbations Signup and view all the answers

In the context of settlements, what does 'situation' refer to?

Proximity to other settlements Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes rural settlements from urban settlements based on their housing characteristics?

Spread-out housing Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a settlement's location in relation to other features such as accessibility and geographical context?

Situation Signup and view all the answers

What defines urban settlements based on their housing characteristics?

Significant non-agricultural economic activities and higher population density Signup and view all the answers

What do push factors in the context of migration refer to?

Conditions that drive people away from rural areas Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of rural depopulation for urban areas?

Overcrowding and expansion of informal settlements Signup and view all the answers

What is a key strategy to address rural depopulation mentioned in the text?

Improving access to education and healthcare facilities Signup and view all the answers

What is a common social justice issue related to rural settlements?

Equitable access to resources and fair treatment in land distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge related to water resources in rural settlements mentioned in the text?

Lack of natural water bodies and pollution Signup and view all the answers

'Brain drain' in the context of rural depopulation refers to:

Skilled individuals leaving rural areas Signup and view all the answers

'Land Redistribution' as part of land reform involves:

Allocating land to disadvantaged individuals for residential or agricultural use Signup and view all the answers

'Brain drain' in the context of rural depopulation refers to what phenomenon?

'Brain drain' means educated and skilled individuals leaving rural regions Signup and view all the answers

'Ghost towns' with abandoned properties are an outcome of:

'Brain drain' leading to a lack of professionals in rural regions Signup and view all the answers

'Overburdened public services' is a consequence primarily associated with what phenomenon?

'Brain drain' leading to a lack of skilled workers in rural regions Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into peripheral regions?

Urban Sprawl Signup and view all the answers

Which type of urban settlement arises at natural passageways or barriers, serving as entry and exit points?

Gateway/Gap Towns Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'rate of urbanization' measure in urban studies?

The speed at which the urban population grows compared to the overall population growth Signup and view all the answers

In the context of urban settlements, what does 'situation' refer to primarily?

The location of a settlement concerning other settlements, resources, and transport routes Signup and view all the answers

What do Gateway/Gap Towns in urban settlement classification primarily serve as?

Locations where goods are transferred from one mode of transport to another Signup and view all the answers

Which concept in urban studies relates to the process of increasing population concentration in urban areas?

Rate of Urbanisation Signup and view all the answers

'Specialized Towns', in the context of urban settlements, are characterized by:

Dominant function or industry such as mining towns or resort cities Signup and view all the answers

'Counter-Urbanisation' primarily involves:

The movement of populations from urban to rural areas Signup and view all the answers

How does the Industrial Revolution impact urban settlements?

By accelerating urban growth and expanding urban landscapes beyond traditional boundaries Signup and view all the answers

What influences the layout and distribution of dwellings in rural settlements?

Social organization Signup and view all the answers

Which shape of rural settlement historically served as a defense mechanism?

Round Signup and view all the answers

What primary factor determines the type of agricultural activities practiced in rural areas?

Environmental conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern of rural settlements is typical in areas with extensive farming practices?

Dispersed Signup and view all the answers

In rural settlements, what does the 'intensive farming' practice aim to achieve?

Maximize yield through significant labor and capital investment Signup and view all the answers

Which economic activity is typically practiced near mineral deposits in rural settlements?

Mining Signup and view all the answers

What primary function influences the development of 'forestry' rural settlements?

Timber production Signup and view all the answers

What challenges can arise for rural areas due to 'rural-urban migration'?

'Brain drain' effect on rural communities Signup and view all the answers

'Extensive farming' in rural areas is typically characterized by:

'Low yield per hectare' Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of overcrowding in urban areas?

Reduced quality of life Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor contributing to the growth of informal settlements?

Migration from rural to urban areas Signup and view all the answers

Which issue is primarily caused by a lack of urban planning and control?

Urban sprawl Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes informal settlements like squatter settlements?

Lack of basic services and overcrowded housing Signup and view all the answers

How are social challenges exacerbated by urbanization?

Growing social inequality Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of urban blight on urban areas?

Deterioration of areas within cities Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes rural settlements from urban settlements based on their functions?

Concentration around primary activities like agriculture Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the formation of rural settlements according to the text?

Proximity to markets Signup and view all the answers

What is a situation factor that influences the location of rural settlements?

Protection from flooding Signup and view all the answers

What type of land is considered crucial for agriculture in rural settlements?

Arable land Signup and view all the answers

How does the urban settlement differ from a rural settlement in terms of functionality?

Rural settlements are multifunctional Signup and view all the answers

Which factor significantly influences the living conditions and agricultural practices in rural settlements?

Climatic conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consideration for selecting the location of a rural settlement?

Protection from natural disasters Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a crucial role in determining the sustainability of settlement in rural areas?

Fertility of the soil Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is essential for rural settlements to have to support livestock farming?

Pastoral land for grazing animals Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is significant for the economic activities and development potential of rural settlements?

Availabilty of building materials for construction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of low-order centres in urban areas?

Providing essential daily items and services Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'threshold population' refer to in urban settlements?

The minimum population needed to support a service or function Signup and view all the answers

In urban hierarchies, what contributes to larger urban centers having a broader sphere of influence?

More extensive range of services and goods Signup and view all the answers

How do high-order goods and services differ from low-order goods and services in urban settlements?

High-order goods are not required daily Signup and view all the answers

What role do central places play in urban settlements?

Providing essential services to surrounding rural areas Signup and view all the answers

Why are urban hierarchies important for policymakers and planners?

To analyze factors influencing the location and function of urban settlements Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes specialized towns within urban classifications?

Dominant function or industry shaping the town's growth Signup and view all the answers

'Sphere of influence' in urban settlements is related to which factor?

'Area or market from which a settlement draws its customers' Signup and view all the answers

'Trade and Transport Towns' develop at strategic locations primarily for what purpose?

'Facilitating trade and transportation' Signup and view all the answers

What refers to areas characterized by high building density, diverse commercial activities, and significant pedestrian traffic within urban settlements?

Central Business Districts (CBDs) Signup and view all the answers

Which urban zone is typically located on city outskirts or designated areas to minimize residential impact?

Industrial Zones Signup and view all the answers

Which model of urban structure suggests that cities develop around multiple centers, each specializing in different functions?

Multiple Nuclei Model (Harris and Ullman) Signup and view all the answers

What defines the interface between urban and rural areas, exhibiting mixed land-use and transitional characteristics?

Rural-Urban Fringe Signup and view all the answers

How do urban profiles illustrate the silhouette of a city?

By showing the variation in building heights and densities from the city center to the outskirts. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the Modern American-Western City Model?

Extensive commuting patterns, multi-centered structure, and defined land-use zones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Transition Zone/Zone of Decay within urban settlements?

To undergo changes from residential to commercial or industrial uses. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the urban morphological structure by shaping street patterns, building density, and natural topography?

Geographical factors Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes high-income neighborhoods from low-income and informal settlements within urban areas?

The socio-economic status of residents Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the thorough examination of internal structure, land-use patterns, and morphological structure shaping urban settlements?

Urban Morphology Assessment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes rural settlements from urban settlements?

Predominantly agricultural landscape Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines the location of a settlement's site?

Natural resources availability Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect plays a crucial role in the classification of settlements?

Settlement size Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of studying the situation of a settlement?

Accessibility Signup and view all the answers

Which type of settlement is likely to have 'megalopolises' within its classification?

Conurbations Signup and view all the answers

In the context of settlements, what primarily differentiates hamlets from metropolises?

Population density Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of rural depopulation for urban areas?

Increased overcrowding Signup and view all the answers

How does rural depopulation impact agricultural production?

Results in reduced agricultural production Signup and view all the answers

What is a strategy aimed at addressing rural depopulation?

Providing financial and educational support to rural farmers Signup and view all the answers

Which social justice issue related to rural settlements focuses on fair land distribution and use?

Land restitution Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'brain drain' phenomenon in rural areas refer to?

The loss of educated and skilled individuals Signup and view all the answers

Why does rural depopulation lead to the emergence of ghost towns?

Underutilization of natural resources Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the environment is negatively impacted by rural depopulation?

Challenges in waste management Signup and view all the answers

How do pull factors differ from push factors regarding migration?

'Pull factors' attract individuals to urban areas, while 'push factors' drive them away from rural areas. Signup and view all the answers

'Nucleated' rural settlements are characterized by:

'Nucleated' settlements have a central focus or core. Signup and view all the answers

'Modern American-Western City Model' is characterized by:

'Modern American-Western City Model' features radial roads originating from the city center. Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence the development of rural settlements?

Site factors like water availability and relief, and situation factors like transport connections. Signup and view all the answers

In what ways do rural settlements differ from urban settlements based on their functions?

Rural settlements are unifunctional centered around activities like agriculture, whereas urban settlements host a diverse range of activities. Signup and view all the answers

What do situation factors consider regarding the location of rural settlements?

Protection from flooding and proximity to rivers. Signup and view all the answers

What role does 'soil fertility' play in rural settlement sustainability?

Fertile soil enhances agricultural productivity which is crucial for settlement sustainability. Signup and view all the answers

How do situation factors differ from site factors in rural settlements?

Site factors relate to location concerning surrounding features, while situation factors are internal characteristics of a settlement. Signup and view all the answers

What primary characteristic sets apart urban settlements from rural settlements?

Urban settlements have higher population density and multifunctional activities compared to rural areas. Signup and view all the answers

'Flat land is preferable for construction and agriculture.' Why is this statement true?

'Flat land' allows for easier infrastructure development and agricultural activities. Signup and view all the answers

'Protection from flooding is important in rural settlements.' What does this reflect about settlement planning?

'Protection from flooding' influences the safety and sustainability of rural settlements. Signup and view all the answers

'Pastoral land is vital for grazing animals.' Why is this aspect crucial for rural settlements?

'Pastoral land' supports livelihoods through animal husbandry in rural settlements. Signup and view all the answers

'Building materials play a crucial role in rural settlement development.' What makes building materials important in this context?

'Building materials' availability determines the type of construction and sustainability of rural settlements. Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the movement of populations from urban to rural areas?

Counter-Urbanisation Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Site' refer to in the context of urban settlements?

Physical environment Signup and view all the answers

Which type of urban settlement is characterized by a dominant function or industry, such as mining towns or resort cities?

Specialized Towns Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Level of Urbanisation' refer to?

Proportion of total population living in urban areas Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Central Places' refer to in the context of urban settlements?

Towns or cities providing goods and services to the surrounding hinterland Signup and view all the answers

In urban studies, what does 'Urban Sprawl' specifically refer to?

Unplanned expansion of urban areas into peripheral regions Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a crucial role in determining the sustainability of urban settlements?

Transport connectivity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Trade and Transport Towns' primarily focus on?

'Break-of-Bulk Points' Signup and view all the answers

'Rate of Urbanisation' is defined as:

'Speed at which the urban population grows compared to overall population growth' Signup and view all the answers

'Urban Growth' specifically refers to:

'Absolute increase in the urban population' Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence the layout and distribution of dwellings in rural settlements?

Historical land division and social organization Signup and view all the answers

Which type of rural settlement pattern is characterized by houses grouped together, often found in fertile agricultural lands or where defense was a priority?

Nucleated Signup and view all the answers

What primarily determines the land use in rural areas according to the text?

Local environmental conditions Signup and view all the answers

In rural settlements, what type of farming aims at self-sufficiency by growing a variety of crops and rearing animals to meet the family's needs?

Subsistence farming Signup and view all the answers

What influences the choice between different types of farming in rural areas according to the text?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial for understanding human-environment interaction, agricultural practices, and rural development challenges according to the text?

Exploring rural settlements Signup and view all the answers

What are some typical challenges associated with rural settlements?

Rural-urban migration and social justice issues Signup and view all the answers

'Linear' shaped rural settlements often develop along which geographical features according to the text?

Rivers, roads, or valley floors Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration in addressing urban settlement issues?

Sustainable urban development Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to the growth of informal settlements according to the text?

Increased demand for housing Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'urban blight' refer to in the context of urban issues?

Deterioration of areas leading to slums Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge associated with traffic congestion in urban areas?

Over-reliance on private vehicles Signup and view all the answers

What are informal settlements also known as according to the provided text?

Squatter settlements Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of inadequate urban planning and control according to the information provided?

Inefficient land use and loss of green spaces Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes significantly to the strain on infrastructure and services in urban areas due to rapid population growth?

Rapid influx of people into urban areas Signup and view all the answers

What key aspect characterizes informal settlements according to the text?

'Informal' establishment without legal claims Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'urban sprawl' result from according to the text?

'Inadequate' urban planning and control Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor that contributes to the development of slums within cities?

Poor living conditions and deteriorated areas Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes the Transition Zone/Zone of Decay in urban settlements?

Aging infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the shape of urban settlements according to the text?

Population density Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Rural-Urban Fringe in urban areas?

Serve as a buffer zone Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the Multiple Nuclei Model of urban structure according to Harris and Ullman?

Development around multiple centers Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily influences the morphology of urban profiles?

Land value Signup and view all the answers

In urban planning, what is typically the main reason for the development of commercial ribbons and regional malls?

Decentralization trends Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Central Places in urban areas?

Providing essential services to the surrounding rural population Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes High-Order Goods and Services from Low-Order Goods and Services in urban centers?

Their requirement for a larger threshold population and broader sphere of influence Signup and view all the answers

How are Urban Hierarchies and the Central Place Theory interconnected?

Central Place Theory provides a framework for understanding urban hierarchies. Signup and view all the answers

In terms of Range of Goods, what characterizes low-order goods compared to high-order goods in urban planning?

Low-Order Goods have a shorter distance consumers are willing to travel compared to High-Order Goods. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Trade and Transport Towns in urban areas?

To facilitate trade and transportation at strategic locations Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates Specialized Towns from Central Places in urban classification?

Specialized Towns are characterized by a dominant industry or function, unlike Central Places. Signup and view all the answers

Why do larger urban centers have a broader Sphere of Influence compared to smaller settlements?

As they provide a more extensive range of services and goods Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Threshold Population in urban planning?

It ensures the viability and profitability of a service or function Signup and view all the answers

Why are Low-Order Goods important in urban planning?

Because they meet immediate needs of the local population with smaller threshold populations Signup and view all the answers

How do High-Order Goods differ from Low-Order Goods in terms of Sphere of Influence?

High-Order Goods have broader spheres due to specialized marketing strategies Signup and view all the answers

Wat word bedoel met 'site' in die konteks van nedersettings?

Die fisiese eienskappe van die grond waarop 'n nedersetting gebou word. Signup and view all the answers

Watter tipe nedersettings word gekenmerk deur laer bevolkingsdigtheid, uitgespreide behuising, en oorwegend landbou- of natuurlike landskap?

Landelike nedersettings Signup and view all the answers

Wat is die primêre onderskeid tussen landelike en stedelike nedersettings?

Bevolkingsdigtheid en ekonomiese aktiwiteite Signup and view all the answers

Wat is die betekenis van 'nedersetting' volgens die konteks van die teks?

'n Gemeenskap waarin mense leef, werk, en daaglikse aktiwiteite onderneem Signup and view all the answers

Wat is die doel van die klassifikasie van nedersettings volgens grootte, kompleksiteit, funksie, en patroon?

Om te help met stadsbeplanning en hulpbruikeffektiewe bestuur Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n belangrike aspek van stedelike nedersettings se beskrywing volgens die teks?

'n Hoë bevolkingsdigtheid en betekenisvolle nielandbou-ekonomiese aktiwiteite Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n kenmerk van die 'Modern American-Western City' model?

Beskik oor 'n kompakte stadsentrum Signup and view all the answers

Watter faktor beïnvloed nie die vorming van die morfologiese struktuur van stedelike gebiede nie?

Oorlogsgeskiedenis Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n kenmerk van die 'South African City Model'?

Afsonderlike grondgebruikspatrone Signup and view all the answers

Wat onderskei 'n industriële sone van 'n stad van 'n residensiële sone?

'n Hoë bou digtheid Signup and view all the answers

Wat is die hoofdoel van die 'Multiple Nuclei Model' deur Harris en Ullman?

'n Konsepraamwerk bied vir die analise van funksionele sones Signup and view all the answers

Watter faktor beïnvloed nie die vorming van stedelike profiele nie?

'n Enkel-sentriese struktuur Signup and view all the answers

Watter invloedsfaktor speel 'n rol in die vorming van 'n stad se interne struktuur?

'n Gekombineerde historiese evolusie Signup and view all the answers

'Wat verteenwoordig die oorgang- of vervalsones in stedelike nedersettings?

'n Area wat verandering ondergaan, dikwels van residensiële na kommersiële of industriële gebruik Signup and view all the answers

'Wat word bedoel met 'landgebruik' wanneer dit na stedelike nedersettings verwys?

'n Verdeling van areas in 'n stad volgens spesifieke funksies soos residensiële, kommersiële en industriële sake-areas Signup and view all the answers

Watter faktor dra nie by tot die vorming van die rurale-stedelike kantoor nie?

Gebrek aan industriële areas. Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n primêre oorsaak van verkeersopeenhoping in stedelike areas?

Onvoldoende openbare vervoerstelsels Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n kenmerkende probleem wat verband hou met informele nedersettings?

Swak infrastruktuur en dienslewering Signup and view all the answers

Watter sosiale uitdaging word dikwels vererger deur verstedeliking?

Rassongelykheid Signup and view all the answers

Watter tipe nedersetting word informele nedersettings ook genoem?

Plakkerskampe Signup and view all the answers

Wat is die hoof doel van die strategiese aanpak vir stedelike nederzettingsprobleme?

Volhoubare stedelike ontwikkeling Signup and view all the answers

'n Gebrek aan beplanning en stedelike sprawl kan lei tot wat?

'n Verlies aan groen areas Signup and view all the answers

'n Inligtingstegnologie wat stadse uitdagings kan aanspreek, sluit in:

Verhoogde oordrag van kennis Signup and view all the answers

'n Primêre impak van onvoldoende openbare vervoerstelsels in stedelike areas is:

'n Verhoging in lugbesoedeling Signup and view all the answers

'n Oplossing vir oorbevolking in stedelike areas sluit in:

'n Verbetering in infrastruktuur Signup and view all the answers

'n Primêre fokus vir die hantering van stedelike samenstellingsprobleme behoort te wees op:

'n Volhoubare stedelike ontwikkeling Signup and view all the answers

Wat bepaal dikwels die keuse tussen verskillende tipes boerdery in landelike gebiede volgens die teks?

Kulturele praktyke Signup and view all the answers

Watter vorm van landelike nedersettings ontstaan langs paaie, riviere, of vallei vloere volgens die teks?

Kruispad nedersettings Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n kenmerk van intensiewe boerdery in landelike gebiede volgens die teks?

Grootskaalse produksie van enkele gewasse Signup and view all the answers

Watter tipe landgebruik in landelike gebiede word hoofsaaklik bepaal deur die soort landbou aktiwiteite wat beoefen word?

Subsistensie boerdery Signup and view all the answers

Waarom ontwikkel ronde nedersettings dikwels rondom 'n sentrale gemeenskaplike area, soos histories vir verdediging en gemeenskapsaktiwiteite gebruik?

'n Defensiemeganisme Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n karaktertrek van verspreide landelike nedersettings?

'n Nie-agrariese ekonomiese aktiwiteit nie Signup and view all the answers

Watter landelike nederzettingsvorm ontwikkel langs paaie, riviere, of vallei vloere?

'n Kruispad nedersetting Signup and view all the answers

'n Nucleated nedersetting sou waarskynlik gevind word in watter soort area volgens die teks?

'n Vrugbare landbougrond Signup and view all the answers

Watter aspek weerspiel gewoonlik die balans tussen gemeenskapsbehoeftes, omgewingsbeperkings, en ekonomiese aktiwiteite in verskillende landelike nederzettingspatrone?

Geografiese kenmerke Signup and view all the answers

Wat bepaal dat 'n landlike nedersetting 'n unifunksionele aard het?

Die primre aktiwiteite wat in die nedersetting plaasvind. Signup and view all the answers

Watter faktor is van besondere belang vir die vestiging van 'n landlike nedersetting volgens die teks?

Beskikbaarheid van waterbronne. Signup and view all the answers

Watter aspekte word oorweeg wanneer mens kyk na die invloed van situasie-faktore op 'n landlike nedersetting?

Beskerming teen oorstromings. Signup and view all the answers

'n Landlike nedersetting wat bostaande vloedvlaktes of weg van rivieroewers gevestig is, toon dat dit ________?

'n Beskermende benadering teen oorstromings het. Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n belangrike aspek wat deur site-faktore van 'n landlike nedersetting bepaal word?

Topografie en grondvorming. Signup and view all the answers

'n Landlike nedersetting wat naby 'n groot woud gevestig is, sou waarskynlik ________ as boumateriaal gebruik het.

'n Houtinfrastruktuur Signup and view all the answers

'n Landlike nedersetting wat spesifiek gebou word op vrugbare grond, sal waarskynlik ________ produceer.

'n Hor landbouproduktiwiteit Signup and view all the answers

'n Landlike nedersetting wat na groot riviere toe gele is, het dikwels die voordeel van ________?

'n Makliker toegang tot vervoer Signup and view all the answers

'n Landlike nedersetting met toegang tot plaaslike hulpbronne soos bosse vir brandhout sal waarskynlik ________?

'n Groter selfvoorsienningsvermo toon Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n algemene konsekwensie van die afname van landelike bevolking vir stedelike gebiede?

Oorbevolking en die uitbreiding van informele nedersettings. Signup and view all the answers

Wat behels 'n strategiese benadering om landelike bevolkingsprobleme aan te spreek volgens die teks?

Verbetering van lewensomstandighede, insluitend lonings en werk omgewings. Signup and view all the answers

Watter sosiale geregtigheidskwessies word in landelike nedersettings aangespreek volgens die teks?

Onregverdige grondverdeling en gebruik. Signup and view all the answers

Watter GIS-funksionaliteit behels die waarborging van data-konsekwentheid oor verskillende lae vir akkurate analise?

'Raster Data' in GIS Signup and view all the answers

'n Uitdagende aspek wat verband hou met stedelike ontwikkeling in Suid-Afrika is?

'n Gebrek aan voldoende waterhulpbronne. Signup and view all the answers

'n Belangrike aspek wat individue na stedelike gebiede lok, is?

'n Vergrote werkmarkdiversiteit en verbeterde behuising. Signup and view all the answers

Wat is die kernkonsep wat die struktuur en grootte van stede bepaal volgens die teks?

Hierargie van stedelike nedersettings Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n belangrike faktor in die bepaling van die teenwoordigheid en tipe dienste binne 'n nedersetting?

Drempelbevolking Signup and view all the answers

Wat dui die term 'sfeer van invloed' aan in stedelike konteks?

Die area waaruit 'n nedersetting sy klinte trek Signup and view all the answers

'Ho-orde goedere en dienste' vereis gewoonlik 'n:

Groter drempelbevolking Signup and view all the answers

'Laag-orde goedere en dienste' word gewoonlik aangebied deur:

Laer-orde sentra met beperkte sfeer van invloed Signup and view all the answers

Watter tipe stedelike nedersettings bied tipies spesialisprodukte of -dienste aan?

'n Gespesialiseerde stad Signup and view all the answers

'Menslike omgewingsinteraksie, landboupraktyke, en landelike ontwikkelingsuitdagings' word primr benvloed deur watter aspek volgens die teks?

'n Stads se sfeer van invloed Signup and view all the answers

'Ronde' vormige landelike nedersettings het dikwels 'n gemeenskaplike area wat histories gebruik is vir:

'n Ontmoetingsplek Signup and view all the answers

'Laag-orde goedere' is geklassifiseer as items wat:

'n Klein bereik het vir verbruikers Signup and view all the answers

'Gespesialiseerde stede' word gekenmerk deur:

'n Dominante bedryf of funksie Signup and view all the answers

Wat verwys 'n stad se 'site' na?

Die primre fisiese omgewing van die stad, insluitend topografie, grond, en waterbeskikbaarheid Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n kenmerk van 'n 'Gateway/Gap Town'?

Dit ontstaan op natuurlike deurgange of hindernisse en dien as toegangs- en uitgangspunte Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n belangrike strategie om stedelike uitdagings aan te spreek volgens die teks?

Inklusiewe beleide wat verskeie stedelike bevolkings bedien Signup and view all the answers

Wat is 'n primre funksie van 'n 'Trade and Transport Town'?

Om bymekaarkomspunte te dien waar goedere van een vervoermetode na 'n ander oorgedra word Signup and view all the answers

Wat word met 'rate van urbanisering' gemeet?

Die spoed waarteen die stedelike bevolking groei in vergelyking met die totale bevolkingsgroei Signup and view all the answers

'Urban Sprawl' verwys na wat?

'n Onbeplande en onbeheerde uitbreiding van stedelike areas in perifere streke Signup and view all the answers

'Counter-Urbanisation' behels gewoonlik wat?

'n Beweging van bevolkings vanaf stedelike na landelike areas op soek na 'n beter lewensgehalte Signup and view all the answers

'Urban Growth' kan beskryf word as wat?

'n Absoluut toename in die stedelike bevolking Signup and view all the answers

'Level of Urbanisation' kan beskryf word as wat?

'n Verhouding tussen die totale bevolking wat in stedelike areas woon en die totale bevolking Signup and view all the answers

'Specialized Towns' word gekenmerk deur wat?

'Uniekheid' met slegs een funksie of bedryf soos mynbou- of universiteitsdorpe. Signup and view all the answers

Geography June exam P2 (Mix)

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of mapwork in geography?

Which map technique is crucial for identifying landforms such as hills and valleys?

What are compass bearings used for on a map?

In mapwork, what does the contour interval represent?

How are directions typically represented on maps?

Which skills are involved in mapwork according to the text?

What is magnetic declination?

Why is understanding map scales important?

What do map reference numbers provide?

How are map coordinates given?

What is vertical exaggeration used for in cross-sections?

What is the gradient calculated as?

What do topographic maps provide information on?

Why are cross-sections useful in map analysis?

What do map scales represent?

How are geomorphological features identified on topographic maps?

What is the primary purpose of vertical aerial photographs?

Which element helps in determining the height and depth of objects in aerial photographs?

What is the key benefit of orthophoto maps compared to vertical aerial photographs?

How can aerial photos and orthophotos aid in understanding climate and weather patterns?

What is an essential aspect of using orthophoto maps for interpretation and analysis?

What can drainage patterns help identify when examining watercourses?

Why is aligning north on both orthophoto maps and topographic maps important?

How can orthophoto maps enhance mapwork skills?

What is the main benefit of using aerial photographs and orthophoto maps in fieldwork research?

How do structural landforms like faults and volcanic cones contribute to geomorphological studies?

What process is responsible for identifying the types of rivers and their characteristics?

Which activity helps in determining stream orders and drainage density?

How can the area's susceptibility to flooding or drought conditions be assessed?

Which method is used to interpret landforms resulting from geological structures like folds and faults?

What information can the slope analysis provide about a landscape?

Why are aerial photographs and orthophoto maps considered indispensable tools in geography?

What does GIS stand for?

Which component of GIS refers to physical elements like computers and GPS devices?

What type of spatial data represents geographic features as points, lines, and polygons?

Which GIS functionality involves creating zones around map features to analyze impacts like pollution spread or noise levels?

In GIS, what is the term used for extracting information based on specific criteria?

Which sector utilizes GIS for market analysis, logistics, real estate, and agriculture?

What is the purpose of developing a 'Paper GIS'?

'Raster Data' in GIS comprises what?

'Attribute Data' in GIS refers to what?

What is the primary purpose of compass bearings in mapwork?

Why is the understanding of contour lines important in map interpretation?

What do compass points like North, East, South, and West help represent on maps?

How are bearings different from compass points in mapwork?

Which skill is NOT typically involved in mapwork according to the provided content?

What is the purpose of calculating the contour interval in mapwork?

Which element is crucial in differentiating between various landforms and man-made structures on aerial photographs?

What aspect of aerial photographs enables the determination of the height and depth of objects?

In geographic studies, what do drainage patterns help identify when examining watercourses?

What is the main benefit of aligning orthophoto maps with corresponding topographic maps?

Why are structural landforms like folds, faults, and volcanic cones important in geomorphological studies?

Which skill can be enhanced by practicing aligning orthophoto maps with topographic maps?

How do aerial photographs and orthophoto maps bridge the gap between theoretical geography and real-world observations?

What does the configuration of watercourses and their tributaries help identify when examining drainage patterns?

How do slope elements like gradient, aspect, and shape aid in landscape analysis?

What insights can be gained from identifying structural landforms like faults and volcanic cones in aerial photographs?

How is magnetic declination defined?

What is the main purpose of map coordinates in geography?

Why are cross-sections important in map analysis?

What information do map scales provide?

What is the primary function of vertical exaggeration in cross-sections?

Why are map reference systems essential for navigation?

What role do map scales play in distance calculations?

What does understanding gradients help analyze?

How do cross-sections contribute to understanding topography?

Why are grid references crucial for location identification on maps?

What does GIS software like ArcGIS or QGIS primarily do?

What is the main function of buffering in GIS?

Which GIS component ensures data consistency for accurate analysis?

What type of data is ideal for representing continuous phenomena like temperature gradients in GIS?

In GIS, what does querying involve?

Which GIS functionality involves stacking different types of data in layers for analysis?

What is the primary purpose of developing a 'Paper GIS'?

What are the fundamental geometric shapes used in GIS to represent spatial features?

What can analyzing drainage patterns like dendritic, trellis, and radial help determine?