Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does Witi Ihimaera’s novel The Matriarch illustrate about Maori traditions?
What does Witi Ihimaera’s novel The Matriarch illustrate about Maori traditions?
What do all Maori movements trace their origins to?
What do all Maori movements trace their origins to?
How are the cosmogonic traditions described in relation to Maori history?
How are the cosmogonic traditions described in relation to Maori history?
What is indicated about the telling of history according to the content?
What is indicated about the telling of history according to the content?
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What role does matakite play in Maori movements?
What role does matakite play in Maori movements?
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What does Albert Wendt suggest about the relationship between memory and society?
What does Albert Wendt suggest about the relationship between memory and society?
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Which form of history has predominantly dominated in the twentieth century in New Zealand?
Which form of history has predominantly dominated in the twentieth century in New Zealand?
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How do Maori typically transmit their histories?
How do Maori typically transmit their histories?
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What prediction did Mohe Tawhai make regarding Maori sayings?
What prediction did Mohe Tawhai make regarding Maori sayings?
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What is one fundamental difference between oral and written histories?
What is one fundamental difference between oral and written histories?
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What is a key location in Maori society for explaining the present using the past?
What is a key location in Maori society for explaining the present using the past?
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According to the content, what aspect does historical rewriting convey?
According to the content, what aspect does historical rewriting convey?
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What does the concept of 'cultural heritage' contribute to the understanding of history?
What does the concept of 'cultural heritage' contribute to the understanding of history?
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What is the primary significance of genealogy in Maori history?
What is the primary significance of genealogy in Maori history?
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Which traditional narrative form is primarily used to test listeners' comprehension?
Which traditional narrative form is primarily used to test listeners' comprehension?
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What made Pinepine Te Rika tapu?
What made Pinepine Te Rika tapu?
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How was the solution to the riddle regarding the stone discovered?
How was the solution to the riddle regarding the stone discovered?
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What does the term 'tapu' imply in the context of Pinepine's experiences?
What does the term 'tapu' imply in the context of Pinepine's experiences?
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What concept is represented by the hidden diamond in Maori narratives?
What concept is represented by the hidden diamond in Maori narratives?
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Which aspect of Maori oral history reflects the personal experiences of the ancestors?
Which aspect of Maori oral history reflects the personal experiences of the ancestors?
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What is a potential conflict present within the narratives discussed?
What is a potential conflict present within the narratives discussed?
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What does the practice of feeding Pinepine with feeding sticks signify?
What does the practice of feeding Pinepine with feeding sticks signify?
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Which of the following best describes the nature of Maori history?
Which of the following best describes the nature of Maori history?
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What role does prayer play in the riddle of the stone?
What role does prayer play in the riddle of the stone?
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How does Maori oral tradition differ from written texts regarding the same events?
How does Maori oral tradition differ from written texts regarding the same events?
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Which aspect of Pinepine's experience indicates she was chosen for her divine interactions?
Which aspect of Pinepine's experience indicates she was chosen for her divine interactions?
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How is history perceived in Maori culture according to oral traditions?
How is history perceived in Maori culture according to oral traditions?
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What do the terms ‘nga kupu a nga tipuna’ and ‘nga kupu tuku iho’ refer to?
What do the terms ‘nga kupu a nga tipuna’ and ‘nga kupu tuku iho’ refer to?
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What role did oral narratives play for the Ringatu followers of Te Kooti?
What role did oral narratives play for the Ringatu followers of Te Kooti?
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How did Western-trained historians originally interpret Maori history?
How did Western-trained historians originally interpret Maori history?
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What is emphasized in Maori history in terms of identity?
What is emphasized in Maori history in terms of identity?
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What did Te Kooti's followers believe about their relationship with him?
What did Te Kooti's followers believe about their relationship with him?
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In the context of Maori oral tradition, what is the significance of mana?
In the context of Maori oral tradition, what is the significance of mana?
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Why did the great-granddaughter of Te Kooti express ignorance about her ancestor?
Why did the great-granddaughter of Te Kooti express ignorance about her ancestor?
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What does the phrase ‘nga ra o mua’ mean?
What does the phrase ‘nga ra o mua’ mean?
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What characterized the historical narrative taught in Poverty Bay about Te Kooti?
What characterized the historical narrative taught in Poverty Bay about Te Kooti?
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What does Maori history often emphasize in its structure?
What does Maori history often emphasize in its structure?
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What did the interaction between Gillian Chaplin and Judith Binney help clarify?
What did the interaction between Gillian Chaplin and Judith Binney help clarify?
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What is the significance of the Maori oral narrative tradition?
What is the significance of the Maori oral narrative tradition?
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What does 'mana' signify in the context of Maori culture?
What does 'mana' signify in the context of Maori culture?
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How did ancestors influence the narratives held by Maori families?
How did ancestors influence the narratives held by Maori families?
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How is the Maramatanga tradition primarily characterized?
How is the Maramatanga tradition primarily characterized?
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What did Maori oral history primarily serve as, according to the content?
What did Maori oral history primarily serve as, according to the content?
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What role do ancestral spirits play in Maori cosmology?
What role do ancestral spirits play in Maori cosmology?
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What does the content say about Maori history's structuring principles?
What does the content say about Maori history's structuring principles?
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What challenge does a Western historian face regarding Maori oral history?
What challenge does a Western historian face regarding Maori oral history?
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What does the phrase 'juxtapose them' imply in the context of rewriting history?
What does the phrase 'juxtapose them' imply in the context of rewriting history?
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What is one of the main purposes of oral history according to the content?
What is one of the main purposes of oral history according to the content?
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What role did Eria play in Ringatu history?
What role did Eria play in Ringatu history?
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What does the quote from Chinua Achebe suggest about the nature of storytelling?
What does the quote from Chinua Achebe suggest about the nature of storytelling?
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Why is it important for historians to retain the integrity of oral histories when documenting them?
Why is it important for historians to retain the integrity of oral histories when documenting them?
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What is a key characteristic of oral histories as described in the content?
What is a key characteristic of oral histories as described in the content?
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Which characteristic distinguishes Maori oral narratives from Western historical writing?
Which characteristic distinguishes Maori oral narratives from Western historical writing?
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How did Paora Tuhaere narrate his history?
How did Paora Tuhaere narrate his history?
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How does the document characterize the relationship between Maori and Pakeha histories?
How does the document characterize the relationship between Maori and Pakeha histories?
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What does the term 'kinship I' refer to in the context of Maori narratives?
What does the term 'kinship I' refer to in the context of Maori narratives?
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What shift occurs in the focus of ancestral stories over time?
What shift occurs in the focus of ancestral stories over time?
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What aspect of oral histories is emphasized through the responsibility of recording them?
What aspect of oral histories is emphasized through the responsibility of recording them?
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What role do women play in the transmission of Maori history?
What role do women play in the transmission of Maori history?
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What does the term 'wharengaro' signify in Maori culture?
What does the term 'wharengaro' signify in Maori culture?
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How does the community historically reflect on events like Henare's shooting?
How does the community historically reflect on events like Henare's shooting?
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Which aspect of Maori oral narratives is especially highlighted in Te Puhi's storytelling?
Which aspect of Maori oral narratives is especially highlighted in Te Puhi's storytelling?
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In Maori society, what drives the inner strength of the whanau?
In Maori society, what drives the inner strength of the whanau?
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Who is noted as a major figure in relation to Te Kooti and Rua?
Who is noted as a major figure in relation to Te Kooti and Rua?
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What was a common source of narratives in the Maori Land Court during the nineteenth century?
What was a common source of narratives in the Maori Land Court during the nineteenth century?
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What impact did the evolution of oral narratives have on stories like that of Rua and Pinepine?
What impact did the evolution of oral narratives have on stories like that of Rua and Pinepine?
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What was the primary reason Te Hira Uetuku went to see Te Kooti?
What was the primary reason Te Hira Uetuku went to see Te Kooti?
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What gift did Te Kooti give to Te Hira to protect the tribal mountain?
What gift did Te Kooti give to Te Hira to protect the tribal mountain?
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What does the term 'mauri' signify in this narrative?
What does the term 'mauri' signify in this narrative?
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What did Te Kooti imply when he told Te Hira he could sell the rest of Mangatu but not the mountain?
What did Te Kooti imply when he told Te Hira he could sell the rest of Mangatu but not the mountain?
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Which event is associated with the practice of misleading people, according to Te Kooti’s customs?
Which event is associated with the practice of misleading people, according to Te Kooti’s customs?
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What did Te Hira refuse when offered by Te Kooti upon his visit?
What did Te Hira refuse when offered by Te Kooti upon his visit?
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The narrative establishes a relationship between Te Hira’s family and which historical figure?
The narrative establishes a relationship between Te Hira’s family and which historical figure?
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What significance does the diamond have in the Maori narrative discussed?
What significance does the diamond have in the Maori narrative discussed?
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What was the primary concern of the narrator’s great-grandmother as described in the content?
What was the primary concern of the narrator’s great-grandmother as described in the content?
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What does the phrase 'hei kuiti nga tikanga o te iwi Maori' imply about Te Kuiti?
What does the phrase 'hei kuiti nga tikanga o te iwi Maori' imply about Te Kuiti?
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How is history perceived among the Ringatu people, according to the narrative?
How is history perceived among the Ringatu people, according to the narrative?
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What is described as an expected outcome of the narratives about Te Kooti?
What is described as an expected outcome of the narratives about Te Kooti?
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What aspect of the family’s lineage is highlighted as significant in the narrative?
What aspect of the family’s lineage is highlighted as significant in the narrative?
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What was the relationship between Te Hira’s father and Te Kooti?
What was the relationship between Te Hira’s father and Te Kooti?
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What significant event occurred on Wharekauri involving Te Kooti?
What significant event occurred on Wharekauri involving Te Kooti?
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Which two elements formed the framework of thought in Pinepine's world?
Which two elements formed the framework of thought in Pinepine's world?
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What does the predictive form of telling history emphasize in the Ringatu narratives?
What does the predictive form of telling history emphasize in the Ringatu narratives?
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What role did Te Kooti's mana play according to the oral narratives?
What role did Te Kooti's mana play according to the oral narratives?
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How is the interaction between Te Whiu Maraki and Rua depicted in the narrative?
How is the interaction between Te Whiu Maraki and Rua depicted in the narrative?
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What is the relationship between past events and prophetic sayings in the narratives?
What is the relationship between past events and prophetic sayings in the narratives?
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What is described as the 'burden' of the powers held by Te Kooti's followers?
What is described as the 'burden' of the powers held by Te Kooti's followers?
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What aspect of Maori narratives is unique to each family's story?
What aspect of Maori narratives is unique to each family's story?
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What does the term 'mana' signify in the context of Te Kooti and Maori leaders?
What does the term 'mana' signify in the context of Te Kooti and Maori leaders?
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Which narrative feature is highlighted as prevalent in oral societies as seen in Maori storytelling?
Which narrative feature is highlighted as prevalent in oral societies as seen in Maori storytelling?
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What is a common characteristic of the oral histories surrounding Te Kooti?
What is a common characteristic of the oral histories surrounding Te Kooti?
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In relation to Te Kooti, what significance does the concept of 'taonga' hold?
In relation to Te Kooti, what significance does the concept of 'taonga' hold?
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What does the narrative suggest about the connection between Maori leaders and colonizers?
What does the narrative suggest about the connection between Maori leaders and colonizers?
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What story element is often used to demonstrate the fulfillment of prophecies in Maori narratives?
What story element is often used to demonstrate the fulfillment of prophecies in Maori narratives?
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Study Notes
Maori Oral Narratives vs. Pakeha Written Texts
- Two distinct forms of historical transmission exist: oral (Maori) and written (Pakeha).
- Both forms are structured, interpretative, and influenced by the present.
- Maori history is largely oral, passed down through narratives, songs, proverbs, and genealogies (whakapapa).
- Written records transmit perceptions chosen by the author.
- Oral histories are subject to change and reinterpretation across generations, maintaining a dynamic past.
- European written histories have often overshadowed and suppressed Maori perspectives.
Oral History Transmission in Maori Culture
- Maori oral histories are deeply rooted in their culture, particularly within the marae and meeting houses.
- The process of oral histories is a constant dialectic between the past and present.
- The past ("nga ra o mua") is seen as continuous and foundational to the present.
- Ancestors' wisdom and experience are central to understanding the current situation.
- Oral traditions include both political and family narratives, tying individuals to their kin.
Impact of Colonization on Maori History
- Colonization significantly impacted how Maori history was recorded and perceived.
- Early European written histories often suppressed or misrepresented Maori perspectives.
- The Treaty of Waitangi exemplifies the differing visions and goals between Maori and Pakeha.
- Suppression of Maori narratives led to a lack of understanding among subsequent generations.
- Colonial interpretations often labeled Maori figures as solely "rebellious" (i.e. Te Kooti).
The Role of Oral Narratives and Family History
- Oral narratives are crucial for maintaining Maori identity and understanding.
- Family (whanau) and tribal (hapu) groups hold central importance to Maori society and narratives.
- Genealogies (whakapapa) are the fundamental structure for understanding Maori history.
- Oral narratives often feature riddles and parables to convey complex meanings through symbolic elements.
- Oral accounts are usually centered on the family's relationship with Te Kooti as a prophet figure.
- This approach to history views the past as deeply connected to the present.
Subjectivity in History
- European-style historical narratives inherently present a subjective interpretation, often influenced by the perspective of the author (and their cultural context).
- Similar subjectivity exists within Maori oral histories.
- Shifting focus within narratives reflects the ongoing reinterpretation of the past.
- Oral histories often feature supernatural, divinely inspired accounts (e.g. Te Kooti's powers).
Importance of Women in Maori History
- Women play vital roles in transmitting Maori oral histories.
- Women are often the keepers of family history, values, and traditions.
- Mothers and grandmothers frequently act as storytellers to younger generations.
- Women provide motivation and support for men in society.
- Issues within families (like childlessness) influence how oral accounts are developed.
Challenges of Recording Oral History
- Recording Maori oral histories needs understanding of their cultural specificity, including notions of kinship, whakapapa, and the perceived intervention of divine forces.
- Oral accounts often use unique structures like riddles and parables, making direct translation into linear historical accounts challenging.
- The role of the narrator in telling events before their birth demonstrates how oral history transcends time.
- Maori histories are often rooted in the family connection to their land.
Maintaining Historical Integrity
- The integrity of oral narratives must be maintained when written down.
- A synchronic approach (simultaneous) is usually used for anthropological study of oral cultures, but less adequate for historical analysis.
- Different cultures perceive history, cause and effect differently.
- European and Maori accounts of the same events may differ significantly..
Importance of Diverse Perspectives in History
- Maori oral histories offer important counter-narratives to European historical accounts.
- Understanding different perspectives is necessary for a complete historical picture.
- Both written and oral history are influenced by the author's cultural context.
- Multiple interpretations and narratives are inherent in all forms of history.
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Description
Explore the contrasting forms of historical transmission through Maori oral narratives and Pakeha written texts. This quiz examines the structure, interpretation, and cultural significance of both communication methods in conveying history and identity. Discover how these narratives shape understanding across generations.
