Manufacturing Processes Fundamentals

The time it takes to bring a product from its initial concept to its marketing stage.

Designing products to be easily manufactured with the right quality, surface finish, and tolerances.

Designing products for ease of assembly & use, considering factors like ergonomics and user interface.

Selecting materials based on their mechanical, physical, chemical, manufacturing, and cost properties.

Mechanical properties like strength, hardness, and elasticity, important for a product's performance.

Physical and chemical properties like appearance, flammability, and resistance to corrosion, affecting a product's aesthetics and safety.

Manufacturing properties like machinability, castability, and weldability, influencing how the material is processed.

The need for a diverse range of materials to create complex products like automobiles, with many parts.

A mechanism that transmits power and motion between two shafts using a belt and pulleys. It's known for its quiet operation, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.

A device consisting of a rotating cam and a follower that translates the cam's motion into a desired movement. It's used to create complex, predetermined follower motions based on the cam's profile.

Machines using a rotating gear system to transfer power and motion. They come in various types based on their tooth shape and arrangement, offering specific mechanical advantages.

A shaft connecting two axles, allowing for the transfer of power and motion while enabling changes in direction. It's often used in vehicles to connect the engine to the wheels.

A linear actuator that uses a threaded screw to convert rotational motion into linear motion. It's often used in applications requiring precise and controlled linear movement.

The process of removing material from a workpiece using a cutting tool.

A two-dimensional model of cutting where the cutting forces are perpendicular to each other.

The angle between the cutting tool face and the workpiece.

The angle between the tool flank and the workpiece, ensuring the tool doesn't rub against the machined surface.

The plane where the material is sheared during cutting.

The angle between the shear plane and the direction of cutting.

The material removed from the workpiece during cutting.

The depth to which the cutting tool penetrates the workpiece.

A type of chip that forms a long ribbon with a smooth, shiny surface, indicating ductile work materials, large positive rake angles, fine feeds, and high speeds.

A type of chip that forms a long ribbon but has a rough, non-shiny surface due to a hardened layer of work material (built-up edge) on the tool face, often occurring with mild steel, aluminum, or cast iron at low cutting speeds and small or negative rake angles.

A hardened layer of work material that forms on the tool face during machining, especially at low cutting speeds, small or negative rake angles, affecting surface finish and tool life.

The ability of a material to deform without fracturing, influencing chip type and surface finish.

A chip formation mechanism used to break long, continuous chips into smaller segments, enhancing machining efficiency and surface finish.

A chip formation pattern characterized by brittle work materials, small or negative rake angles, coarse feeds, and low speeds.

The resistance of a material to deformation or penetration, influencing tool life and surface finish.

The process of removing material from a workpiece using a cutting tool, involving chip formation and surface generation.

A machine tool that rotates a workpiece while a cutting tool shapes it.

This type of lathe cuts a flat surface on the end of the workpiece.

In this process, the cutting tool follows a non-straight path to create a shaped surface.

This operation uses a specially shaped tool to create a desired form on the workpiece.

This technique involves feeding the tool at an angle to create a tapered shape.

A lathe provides various speeds of rotation for the workpiece.

A typical lathe allows the cutting tool to be moved toward the workpiece manually, automatically, or a combination of both.

The lathe is a versatile machine that has been developed to create various features beyond basic cylinders, including threads, tapers, drilled holes, knurled surfaces, and crankshafts.

A force that acts along the axis of rotation of a rotating body, causing it to speed up or slow down.

A type of thread with multiple starts, meaning that it has more than one thread per inch. This allows for faster linear movement.

Using a single-point cutting tool to cut threads directly into the workpiece. This is typically used for smaller threads on a lathe.

A type of thread cutting where the tool is fed into the workpiece incrementally, first at the center, then at the sides, and finally at the root. Used for large threads.

A type of thread cutting where the tool is fed into the workpiece along the right face of the thread. This method creates a smooth, accurate thread.

A type of thread cutting where the tool is moved directly into the workpiece in a radial direction. Also known as direct cutting. Effective for quick rough cuts.

A type of thread cutting where the tool is moved in a straight direction towards the center of the workpiece.

A type of thread cutting where the tool is moved in a straight direction towards the sides of the workpiece. This method creates threads with precise dimensions.