Manufacturing Industries Overview
45 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which sector involves the transformation of primary materials into finished goods?

  • Quaternary sector
  • Tertiary sector
  • Secondary sector (correct)
  • Primary sector

Agriculture and industry operate independently of each other.

False (B)

What is one key factor that determines a country's economic strength?

Development of manufacturing industries

The maximum investment allowed in a manufacturing unit is __________ rupees.

<p>one crore</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following industries is an example of the secondary sector?

<p>Textile industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of sectors with their definitions:

<p>Public sector = Owned and operated by government agencies Private sector = Owned and operated by individuals or groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

Self-sufficiency in production is enough for a country to compete on an international level.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one major benefit that manufacturing industries provide to agriculture.

<p>Increase in productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state is known for having the highest concentration of sugar mills in India?

<p>Uttar Pradesh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The iron and steel industry is a light industry.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one industry mentioned that relies on iron and steel for its machinery.

<p>Any of the following: heavy industry, medium industry, light industry, construction industry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

India is the ______ largest producer of sugar in the world.

<p>second</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major reason mills are shifting to southern and western states?

<p>Higher sucrose content in cane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following states with their primary industry:

<p>Uttar Pradesh = Sugar industry Bihar = Iron and steel industry Maharashtra = Sugar industry Karnataka = Sugar industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

The raw materials required for steel production include iron ore, coking coal, and lime stone.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List one finished product that can be made from steel.

<p>Any of the following: engineering goods, construction materials, defense equipment, medical equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the concentration of iron and steel industries in the Chhotanagpur plateau region?

<p>Low cost of iron ore (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aluminium smelting is the least important metallurgical industry in India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two prime factors for the location of aluminium smelting industries?

<p>Regular supply of electricity and an assured source of raw material at minimum cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bauxite is a raw material used in the production of ______.

<p>aluminium</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which states are aluminium smelting plants primarily located?

<p>Odisha, West Bengal, and Maharashtra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The chemical industry in India is experiencing slow growth and limited diversification.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What properties make aluminium a popular substitute for metals like steel and copper?

<p>Lightweight, corrosion resistance, good conductivity, malleability, and strength when mixed with other metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following materials with their respective industries:

<p>Iron ore = Iron and Steel industry Bauxite = Aluminium industry Petrochemicals = Chemical industry Copper = Electrical wiring</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sulphuric acid primarily used for?

<p>Manufacturing fertilizers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organic chemicals include petrochemicals used for producing synthetic fibers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one application of soda ash.

<p>Making glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ industry is centred around producing fertilizers.

<p>fertilizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following chemicals with their primary uses:

<p>Nitric acid = Manufacturing explosives Caustic soda = Production of soaps and detergents Soda ash = Making glass Sulphuric acid = Manufacturing fertilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is NOT considered a type of automobile?

<p>Airplane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The liberalization resulted in diminished demand for automobiles in the market.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vehicles includes trucks and buses?

<p>Multi-utility vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be used in factories to reduce emissions?

<p>Electrostatic precipitators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using coal in factories can help reduce environmental pollution.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does NTPC stand for?

<p>National Thermal Power Corporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ from nuclear power plants cause soil and water pollution.

<p>Wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pollution control methods with their primary function:

<p>Electrostatic precipitators = Dust removal Inertial separators = Particle separation Scrubbers = Gas purification Fabric filters = Air filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can minimize waste generation?

<p>Maximizing ash utilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ecological monitoring is part of sustainable development practices.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is known as the 'Golden Fibre'?

<p>Jute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ISO certification EMS 14001 indicate?

<p>Environmental Management System certification</p> Signup and view all the answers

Iron-ore, coking coal, and limestone are essential raw materials for the sugar industry.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one public sector steel plant located in Chhattisgarh.

<p>Bhilai Steel Plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

The basic raw material for the sugar industry is ______.

<p>sugarcane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following industries with their raw materials:

<p>Textiles = Cotton Sugar = Sugarcane Steel = Iron-ore Vegetable Oil = Seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Secondary Activities

Activities that transform raw materials into finished goods.

Manufacturing Industries

Industries that process raw materials into finished goods.

Economic Strength

Measured by the development of manufacturing industries.

Agro-industries

Industries that support and boost agriculture by producing supplies like tools and fertilizers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Public Sector Industries

Industries owned and run by the government.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Private Sector Industries

Industries owned and run by individuals or groups of individuals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

International Competitiveness

The ability of a country's manufactured goods to compete in the global market.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Investment Limit (Manufacturing)

Maximum amount of capital allowed for a manufacturing unit (currently ₹1 crore).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jute Industry Location Factors

The jute industry's location in India relies on accessible transportation (rail, road, water), water resources for processing, cheap labor, and a city (Kolkata) with banking/insurance/port facilities for exporting.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sugar Industry Raw Material

Sugar mills use sugarcane as raw material, but the weight of the cane makes the sucrose (sugar) lose concentration during transport.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sugar Mill Concentration

Sugar mills are increasingly concentrating in southern/western India where sugarcane has higher sugar content and a longer crushing season.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Steel Industry - Basic Industry

All other industries (heavy, medium, light) depend on steel machinery and goods.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Steel Industry Raw Materials Ratio

Iron ore:coking coal:limestone are ideally in the proportion of 4:2:1, with manganese being a supplement for hardening.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Steel Industry Location

Steel plants need to be located where iron ore, coking coal, and limestone are easily accessible.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Steel Industry as an Index

Steel production and consumption are indicators of a country's development.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Iron & Steel Industry

A basic industry that produces raw materials used in many other industries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Iron and Steel Industry Location

The Chhotanagpur plateau region in India has the highest concentration of iron and steel industries due to its abundance of low-cost iron ore, high-grade raw materials, cheap labor, and a large domestic market.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Aluminium Smelting

The process of extracting aluminum from bauxite, creating a lightweight, corrosion-resistant metal used for aircraft, utensils, and wires.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Key Factors for Aluminium Smelting

The location of aluminium smelting plants is determined by the availability of a consistent electricity supply and affordable bauxite, the raw material.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chemical Industry

A rapidly expanding industry in India, encompassing both large and small-scale manufacturing units, producing a wide range of inorganic and organic chemicals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Growth of Chemical Industry

The Indian chemical industry has experienced significant growth in both inorganic (mineral-based) and organic (carbon-based) sectors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Importance of Transport Networks

For cooperatives to succeed, they need efficient transportation systems to move their products to markets and consumers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Advantages of Cooperatives

Cooperatives tend to function more effectively in states where transportation infrastructure is well-developed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inorganic chemicals

Chemicals derived from minerals and non-living sources, used in various industries like fertilizer production, glassmaking, and cleaning products.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sulphuric Acid

A strong inorganic acid used in the production of fertilizers, synthetic fibers, plastics, and other industrial chemicals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Soda Ash

A white powder used in glassmaking, soap production, and paper manufacturing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Caustic Soda

A strong alkali used in various industries, including paper production and soap manufacturing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Petrochemicals

Organic chemicals derived from petroleum, used in the production of plastics, synthetic fibers, and pharmaceuticals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chemical Industry Consumers

The chemical industry is a major consumer of its own products, using basic chemicals to produce further processed chemicals for various purposes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Automobile Industry Growth

The automobile industry has experienced significant growth after liberalization, driven by increasing demand for new models and improved transportation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fertilizer Industry Location

Fertilizer industries are often situated near sources of raw materials like natural gas, coal, and phosphates, essential for fertilizer production.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the 'Golden Fibre'?

Jute is often called the 'Golden Fibre' because it's a natural, strong, and versatile fiber used in various industries, such as making sacks, ropes, and carpets.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the key raw materials for steel?

The primary raw materials used in steel production are iron ore, coking coal, and limestone. These materials are combined in a specific ratio to produce steel.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a public sector steel plant in Chhattisgarh?

A public sector steel plant located in Chhattisgarh is Bhilai Steel Plant, one of the largest steel plants in India.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are agro-industries?

Agro-industries are industries that rely on agricultural products as their primary raw material. Examples include textiles, sugar, and vegetable oil industries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is sugarcane's role in the sugar industry?

Sugarcane is the primary raw material used in the sugar industry. The sugarcane is crushed to extract juice, which is then processed to produce sugar.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some ways to reduce air pollution from factories?

Using oil or gas instead of coal, fitting smoke stacks with filters, and upgrading equipment to be more efficient are some ways to reduce air pollution from factories.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How can nuclear waste impact the environment?

Nuclear waste from power plants and weapons production can cause cancers, birth defects, and miscarriages. It also pollutes soil and water.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the connection between soil and water pollution?

Soil and water pollution are often related. Chemicals and waste from polluted soil can seep into groundwater and surface water.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is sustainable development?

Sustainable development means balancing economic growth with environmental concerns. It focuses on development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is NTPC's commitment to environmental management?

NTPC, a major power corporation in India, has achieved ISO 14001 certification for its Environmental Management System (EMS). This means that NTPC has a strong commitment to environmental management within its operations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How can factories address noise pollution?

Factories can reduce noise pollution by minimizing waste generation, using absorbing materials, and equipping machinery with silencers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the significance of ash utilization in factories?

Ash utilization is important because it reduces waste generation and minimizes pollution while potentially creating other useful products.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some measures for managing ash from power stations?

Ash pond management, ash water recycling systems, and liquid waste management are all essential for controlling the environmental impact of ash produced by power stations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Manufacturing Industries

  • Manufacturing involves processing raw materials into valuable goods in large quantities.
  • Manufacturing industries are the backbone of economic development, they modernize agriculture, reduce reliance on agricultural income, and create jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
  • Industries help eliminate unemployment and poverty.
  • Exporting manufactured goods expands trade and increases foreign exchange.
  • Countries that effectively process raw materials into higher value finished goods generally prosper.
  • Manufacturing industries promote economic strength in a country.

Classification of Industries

  • Industries can be categorized based on various criteria, including ownership, source of raw materials, the bulk and weight of raw materials and finished goods, and the role of the industry.
  • Ownership: Public sector (government-owned), private sector (individual or group-owned), joint sector (government and individual/group-owned).
  • Raw material source: Agro-based (using agricultural products), mineral-based (using minerals and metals).
  • Bulk and weight of materials: Heavy industries (using heavy raw materials and producing heavy goods), light industries (using light raw materials and producing light goods).
  • Role: Basic/key industries (provide raw materials for other industries), consumer industries (produce goods for direct consumer use).
  • Capital investment: Small-scale industries (low investment), large-scale industries (high investment).

Important Industries

  • Textile industry: A significant contributor to India's economy, spanning spinning, weaving, and garment manufacturing; relies on raw materials like cotton, wool, and silk.
  • Cotton textiles: Historically important, initially relying on hand-spinning and weaving, later adopting power looms.
  • Jute textiles: Predominantly concentrated in West Bengal, utilizing jute as a raw material.
  • Aluminium smelting: A key metallurgical industry in India which is light, resistant to corrosion and a good conductor of heat; important materials used in manufacturing include aircraft, utensils and wires.
  • Chemical industries: Are fast-growing and include both large- and small-scale manufacturing units; often use inorganic chemicals like sulfuric and nitric acid, and organic chemicals like petrochemicals to manufacture fertilizers, synthetic fibers, plastics, etc.
  • Iron and steel industry: A fundamental industry supporting many others with machinery, equipment, construction materials, and general goods, largely located around the Chhotanagpur plateau and utilizing iron ore, coking coal, limestone as main ingredients.
  • Automobile industry: Manufactures a wide range of vehicles which contributes to the quick transport of goods, services and passengers.
  • Information Technology (IT) and electronics industries: Promising industries in India with significant concentration in Bengaluru, Chennai, Mumbai and other cities.
  • Cement industry: A vital industry for construction, requiring raw materials like limestone and other materials, strategically located for easy access to raw materials, transportation and market access.
  • Sugar industry: India produces not only sugar, but also gur and khansari; utilizing mainly sugar cane as raw materials.

Pollution and Environmental Degradation

  • Industries contribute significantly to economic growth but cause pollution in land, water, air, and noise.
  • Factories must address four main types of pollution: air, water, land, and noise.
  • Pollution control strategies include improving equipment, reducing waste, treatment of wastewater, minimizing the use of water, and effective use of waste products.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Manufacturing Industries PDF

Description

This quiz covers the basics of manufacturing industries, their role in economic development, and the various classifications based on ownership and materials. Understand how manufacturing contributes to job creation and poverty reduction while promoting trade and economic strength.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser