Manufacturing and Goods Overview

Study Notes

The term "Manufacturing" means making goods and services available to satisfy human needs and wants.
Goods are material items purchased to fulfill wants, needs, or desires.
Services are intangible items bought to satisfy needs or desires.

Primary industries cultivate and exploit natural resources.
Examples of primary industries are agriculture and mining.
Secondary industries convert the output of primary industries into products.
Examples of secondary industries include manufacturing, power generation, and construction.
Tertiary industries comprise the service sector.
Examples of tertiary industries are banking, education, government, legal services, retail trade, and transportation.

Intermittent Production involves starting and stopping production for custom-made products.
Mass Production involves a specific intermittent production process using standardized methods and single-use machines.
Mass Customization involves designing, producing, and delivering customized products at a cost similar to mass production.

Manufacturing refers to the use of physical and chemical processes to alter the geometry, properties, and appearance of raw materials to create components or finished products.
Key factors in manufacturing include product design, material selection, manufacturing process, and cost analysis.

Manufacturing engineers select and coordinate specific processes and equipment.
Industrial (Manufacturing) engineers focus on manufacturing systems layout, time study, and cost.
Materials engineers specify ideal materials and develop new and advanced materials.

Wire is a single electrical conductor.
Cable is a bundle of multiple wires with a common sheathing.
14-2G cable contains two insulated wires and a ground wire, with individual wire gauge being 14.
14-3G cable contains three insulated wires and a ground wire, each wire being 14-gauge.
12-2 w/G has two insulated wires and a ground wire, each wire being 12-gauge.
12-3 w/G has three insulated wires with a ground wire, each wire being 12-gauge.
600V cable is rated for a maximum of 600 volts and commonly used for residential wiring.
TYPE NM-B is a non-metallic sheathed cable, commonly used for wiring appliances and devices in homes.

Coaxial cable is a type of electrical cable with four layers forming a coaxial shape.
Hardline coaxial (Heliax) is a thick cable with a copper center conductor and a copper or silver tubing shield.
Radiating coaxial cables have a shield intentionally designed to radiate RF waves.
RG-6 is the most common coaxial cable used for signal transmission in residential and commercial applications. It has a solid copper wire with a plastic outer layer.
Triaxial is a coaxial cable with an added layer of insulation and shield over the existing ones.

The preferred method of removing insulation is with a wire-stripping tool.
A hand wire stripper is used for removing wire insulation, following a specific procedure.
A knife can also be used for stripping wire, but caution should be exercised.

Use a sharp knife to make a small cut across the insulation.
Carefully peel the insulation off the wire, taking care not to damage the wire.
Use a wire stripper if possible, as it is more efficient and less likely to damage the wire.