Manipulation of Growth and Body Composition: Overview of Growth Hormones
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Questions and Answers

How do anabolic steroids influence muscle growth?

  • Promote fat accumulation
  • Increase muscle protein synthesis (correct)
  • Have no effect on muscle growth
  • Decrease lean muscle mass

What is the main impact of testosterone on bone health?

  • Have no effect on bone health
  • Promote osteoporosis
  • Contribute to the development and maintenance of bone density (correct)
  • Decrease bone density

What determines the growth potential of an animal's muscle?

  • Presence of satellite cells
  • Amount of myoblasts
  • Thickness of connective tissue
  • Number of muscle fibers (correct)

Which depot of adipose tissue differs in its secretory properties?

<p>Omental (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of development do myofibers increase in cross-sectional area through hypertrophy?

<p>Postnatal Growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do sex hormones have on body fat distribution?

<p>Influence gender-specific patterns of body fat distribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of satellite cells in muscle growth?

<p>Provide nuclei necessary for fiber growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Analogues are variations of which substances?

<p>Anabolic steroids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue is associated with expressing genes like uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) and thermogenesis?

<p>Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do anabolic steroids affect fat distribution?

<p>Reduce fat mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to satellite cells in older animals that leads to a plateau in muscle growth?

<p>Decrease in number and become dormant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscles primarily contain type II fibers?

<p>Fast-twitch muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of growth hormones in stimulating growth and development?

<p>Promoting the production of other proteins that form tissues and organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does growth occur in terms of cell changes?

<p>Through hyperplasia, which is an increase in cell number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increased lipid deposition have on growth?

<p>Increases body weight and size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the specific arrangement of amino acids in growth hormones important?

<p>To allow them to bind to receptors on target cells for biological activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which components are involved in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis?

<p>Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, target organs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of growth hormones in the body?

<p>Pituitary gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of leptin in growth and satiety signaling?

<p>Suppressing appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) during digestion?

<p>Presence of fats and proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cholecystokinin (CCK) influence food intake?

<p>Suppresses appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does chromium have on insulin sensitivity?

<p>Increases insulin sensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chromium contribute to growth?

<p>Regulates glucose metabolism affecting growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones?

<p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Ghrelin in the body?

<p>Stimulating appetite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily produced in the stomach and signals the brain when it's time to eat?

<p>Ghrelin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is involved in stimulating growth, particularly in bones and muscles?

<p>Growth Hormone (GH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Thyroid Hormones (T3 and T4) in the body?

<p>Regulating metabolic rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) released by the hypothalamus?

<p>Regulating gonads (ovaries and testes) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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