Manila Galleon Trade: History and Impact
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary purpose of the Manila Galleon Trade?

  • To establish military alliances between the Philippines and Mexico.
  • To facilitate the exchange of goods and cultures between Asia, Mexico, and Europe. (correct)
  • To transport Spanish missionaries to East Asia.
  • To discover new territories in the Pacific Ocean.

    • Why did King Philip order the establishment of the Armada in 1593?

  • To enforce trade agreements with Asian countries.
  • To explore new trade routes in the Pacific.
  • To combat piracy and protect galleons and their passengers. (correct)
  • To regulate the number of ships sailing annually.

    • What material standard did the Manila Galleon Trade primarily rely upon for its exchanges?

  • Copper.
  • Bartered goods.
  • Gold.
  • Silver. (correct)

    • Approximately how long did a typical voyage from Manila to Acapulco take?

    <p>Four months. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the decline of the galleon trade have on the Philippines?

    <p>A rise in prices and increased disparity between the rich and the poor. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which King attempted to revive the galleon trade through economic liberalization in the 1790s?

    <p>King Charles III. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Mexican War of Independence (1810-1813) in relation to the Manila Galleon Trade?

    <p>It further contributed to the demise of the galleon trade. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    While the Manila Galleons were manned by a diverse crew, what disparity existed between the Filipino and Spanish crew members?

    <p>Filipinos were often paid less than their Spanish counterparts, despite comprising a significant portion of the crew. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did social unrest in Spanish colonies indirectly precipitate the decline of the Manila Galleon Trade?

    <p>Revolts in colonies like Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Mexico weakened Spanish control and disrupted trade networks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The imposition of the Armada in 1593 had what paradoxical effect on the Manila Galleon Trade?

    <p>While offering enhanced security against pirates, it limited the number of ships allowed to sail to two per year, potentially restricting trade volume. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Manila Galleon Trade

    A trade route between the Philippines, Mexico, and Spain active in the 16th-19th centuries.

    Pirates

    Criminals who targeted galleons, causing significant merchant losses.

    Armada

    An armed escort established in 1593 to protect galleons from piracy.

    Silver Standard

    The monetary system based on Mexican silver used in the galleon trade.

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    Filipino Crew

    Filipinos comprised 50-80% of galleon crews, often paid less than Spanish workers.

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    Cultural Exchange

    Interaction and sharing of ideas and traditions between Asia and Europe due to the galleon trade.

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    Economic Disparity

    The widening gap between the rich and poor heightened by the galleon trade's decline.

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    Economic Liberalization

    King Charles III's attempt in the 1790s to revive the galleon trade through economic reforms.

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    Mexican War of Independence

    The conflict from 1810-1813 that contributed to the decline of the galleon trade.

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    Galleon Design

    Manila Galleons were built to carry large quantities of goods and passengers, often over 1,000.

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    Study Notes

    The Manila Galleon Trade

    • The Manila Galleon Trade was a lucrative trade route between the Philippines, Mexico, and Spain.
    • Ships were frequently targeted by pirates during the galleon trade, leading to significant losses.
    • To combat piracy, King Philip ordered an armed escort, the Armada, to protect galleons in 1593.
    • Before 1593, three or more ships sailed annually; afterward, only two ships per year were permitted.
    • The galleon trade was a key driver of globalization in the 16th century, connecting Asia and Europe.
    • Manila Galleons were designed to carry considerable goods and passengers, housing up to 1,000 passengers and built with strong Philippine hardwoods.
    • The trade relied on a silver standard, using Mexican silver to buy East Asian goods.
    • The Manila to Acapulco voyage took roughly four months.
    • Filipinos comprised a significant part (50-80%) of galleon crews but often were paid less than their Spanish counterparts.
    • The trade impacted the Philippines with economic benefits and cultural exchange, but also exploitation and inequality.
    • Spain's economic initiatives and involvement in wars during the last half-century of the Galleon trade hindered trade and caused hardship.
    • Revolts against Spanish rule in colonies like Cuba, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Colombia, Argentina, and Mexico in the late 1700s and early 1800s weakened the galleon trade and led to colony loss.
    • The galleon trade's decline, coupled with social inequalities, led to economic hardship, inflation, and widening wealth gaps.
    • King Charles III tried reviving the trade through liberalization in the 1790s.
    • The Mexican War of Independence (1810-1813) significantly exacerbated the galleon trade's decline.

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    Description

    Explore the Manila Galleon Trade route between the Philippines, Mexico, and Spain. Learn about the ships, the establishment of the Armada to combat piracy, and the impact of globalization of exchanging goods and cultures between Asia and Europe. Also, discover the design and capacity of Manila Galleons.

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