Manifestations of CAKUT: Embryology of the GUT & Congenital Anomalies
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Questions and Answers

What is the fate of the allantois in the developing embryo?

  • Forms the bladder
  • Becomes the Median umbilical ligament (correct)
  • Develops into the ureteric bud
  • Gives rise to the renal pelvis

    • Which renal malformation is characterized by the presence of two kidneys fused at their lower poles?

  • Ectopic Ureter
  • Horseshoe Kidney (correct)
  • Pelvic Kidney
  • Ureterocele

    • What clinical manifestation can result from Potter sequence?

  • Hydronephrosis
  • Oligohydramnios (correct)
  • Ureterocele
  • Vesicoureteral reflux

    • Which structure is affected in a patient with ureterocele?

    <p>Ureter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CAKUT stand for in the context of renal development abnormalities?

    <p>Congenital Abnormalities of Kidney and Urinary Tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which week of embryonic development does the permanent kidney (Metanephros) begin to form?

    <p>5th week (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in the location of ureteroceles between adults and children?

    <p>Orthotopic in adults, ectopic in children (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of ureteroceles in a duplex system are associated with the upper pole moiety?

    <p>80% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common manifestation of a lower pole in a duplex system?

    <p>Undergoes vesico-ureteral reflux (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs if kidneys fail to form or there is a blockage preventing urine from leaving in a fetus?

    <p>Oligohydramnios (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of Potter sequence due to the lack of amniotic fluid?

    <p>Facial flattening (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic group is most commonly associated with unilateral ureteroceles?

    <p>White females (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children?

    <p>Posterior urethral valves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic structure ultimately becomes the cells making up the nephrons in the kidney?

    <p>Metanephric blastema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the reciprocal induction in kidney development?

    <p>Interaction between the ureteric bud and metanephric blastema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of developmental anomalies, what is a manifestation of CAKUT?

    <p>Vesicoureteral reflux (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with abnormal development leading to renal agenesis?

    <p>Vesicoureteral reflux (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sequence of events characterizes Potter sequence?

    <p>Renal agenesis, Pulmonary hypoplasia, Limb deformities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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