Manifestations of CAKUT: Embryology of the GUT & Congenital Anomalies

18 Questions

What is the fate of the allantois in the developing embryo?

Becomes the Median umbilical ligament

Which renal malformation is characterized by the presence of two kidneys fused at their lower poles?

Horseshoe Kidney

What clinical manifestation can result from Potter sequence?

Oligohydramnios

Which structure is affected in a patient with ureterocele?

Ureter

What does CAKUT stand for in the context of renal development abnormalities?

Congenital Abnormalities of Kidney and Urinary Tract

In which week of embryonic development does the permanent kidney (Metanephros) begin to form?

5th week

What is the difference in the location of ureteroceles between adults and children?

Orthotopic in adults, ectopic in children

What percentage of ureteroceles in a duplex system are associated with the upper pole moiety?

80%

What is the common manifestation of a lower pole in a duplex system?

Undergoes vesico-ureteral reflux

What occurs if kidneys fail to form or there is a blockage preventing urine from leaving in a fetus?

Oligohydramnios

What is a common feature of Potter sequence due to the lack of amniotic fluid?

Facial flattening

Which demographic group is most commonly associated with unilateral ureteroceles?

White females

What is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children?

Posterior urethral valves

Which embryonic structure ultimately becomes the cells making up the nephrons in the kidney?

Metanephric blastema

What is the significance of the reciprocal induction in kidney development?

Interaction between the ureteric bud and metanephric blastema

In the context of developmental anomalies, what is a manifestation of CAKUT?

Vesicoureteral reflux

Which condition is associated with abnormal development leading to renal agenesis?