Managing Change: Chapter 9

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Questions and Answers

What is Field Theory primarily concerned with?

Analyzing force fields in an organization

Developing a three-step model of change

Understanding individual behavior

Mapping out the totality and complexity of a group's behavior (correct)

What is the primary focus of Force Field Analysis?

Developing action research plans

Analyzing the forces driving or resisting change (correct)

Identifying areas of conflict in a group

Studying group dynamics

What is the main theme of Kurt Lewin's philosophy?

The importance of individualism

The power of charismatic leaders

The role of leadership in organizational change

The resolution of social conflict and promoting democratic values (correct)

What is the core idea of Group Dynamics, according to Lewin?

Understanding how groups respond to external forces Signup and view all the answers

What is Action Research primarily concerned with?

Analyzing the effectiveness of organizational change Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Three-Step Model of Change?

Developing strategies for organizational change Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Field Theory and Group Dynamics?

Group Dynamics is an application of Field Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Kurt Lewin's planned approach to change?

To develop strategies for organizational change Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Action Research?

Resolving social and organisational problems Signup and view all the answers

What is a drawback of the Three-Step Model of Change?

It ignores regression Signup and view all the answers

Who are the three groups involved in Action Research?

The organisation, the subject, and the change agent Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an individual's inner realisation that change is necessary?

Felt-need Signup and view all the answers

In the Three-Step Model of Change, what is the goal of the second step?

To identify and implement change Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the first step in the Action Research process?

Achieving change through action Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the third step in the Three-Step Model of Change?

To take steps to stabilise and reinforce the change Signup and view all the answers

What is the first stage of the Coping Cycle?

Denial Signup and view all the answers

What theory does Action Research draw upon to identify the forces that bear on the group?

Field Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is required for successful change?

Individuals and groups to reflect and learn Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the fourth stage of the Coping Cycle?

To adapt to the new ways and ensure they fit in with existing people and circumstances Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the Three-Step Model of Change?

It is a linear approach Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Lewin's work in the context of Action Research?

Studying the internal dynamics of a group Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Action Research's two-pronged process?

To achieve change through action and research Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of joint goal-setting in the Three-Step Model of Change?

To maintain the momentum Signup and view all the answers

What is the second stage of the Coping Cycle?

Defence Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Planned Approach

Kurt Lewin's philosophy focuses on resolving social conflict, addressing problems of minority or disadvantaged groups, and permeating democratic values into society.

Lewin's Four Elements

Field Theory/Force Field Analysis
Group Dynamics
Action Research
Three-Step model of change

Field Theory

An approach to understanding group behavior by mapping out the totality and complexity of the field in which the behavior takes place.

Force Field Analysis

A visual representation of the forces driving or resisting change.

Group Dynamics

Lewin addressed two questions:
- What causes a group to respond to external forces?
- How can these forces be changed to elicit a more desirable behavior?

Action Research

A participative approach to resolving social and organizational problems, involving:
- No action without research
- No research without action
Involves three groups:
- The organization (managers)
- The subjects (employees)
- The change agent (consultant)
Draws on Lewin's work on Field Theory and Group Dynamics.

Three-Step Model of Change

Unfreezing:
- Create dissatisfaction with the existing situation
- Create a willingness to change
Moving:
- Identify and implement change
- Involve people
Refreezing:
- Take steps to stabilize and reinforce the change
- Maintain the momentum through joint goal-setting, feedback, and rewards.

The Coping Cycle

A model describing how people cope with change:
- Stage 1: Denial
- Stage 2: Defence
- Stage 3: Discarding
- Stage 4: Adaptation

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Description

This quiz covers Planned Change and Organization Development (OD) from Chapter 9 of the 7th edition of Managing Change. It includes Kurt Lewin's philosophy and approach to organizational change.