Managing CAD and HTN: Education and Interventions
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Questions and Answers

What can chronic elevation of blood pressure lead to in patients with hypertension?

  • Improved perfusion
  • Decreased heart rate
  • Reduced blood clotting
  • Damage to blood vessels and organs (correct)

Which system imbalance is implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension according to the text?

  • Digestive system function
  • Respiratory system regulation
  • Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) (correct)
  • Immune system balance

What is a characteristic feature of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) according to the text?

  • Accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries (correct)
  • Normalization of lipid levels
  • Stress-related chest pain
  • Increased blood flow to the myocardium

How can understanding the inflammatory process and lipid accumulation help in managing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)?

<p>Guide the use of antiplatelet agents and statins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a targeted pharmacological intervention mentioned for hypertension in the text?

<p>ACE inhibitors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pathophysiological knowledge assist in identifying risk factors for hypertension and CAD?

<p>By recognizing modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lifestyle modifications is NOT recommended for managing risk factors of cardiovascular disease?

<p>Increasing sodium intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does statin medication help in cardiovascular disease management?

<p>By slowing atherosclerosis progression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fasting glucose level indicates diabetes as a significant risk factor for CAD?

<p>Fasting glucose levels &gt;126 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Lipoprotein (VLDL) is true regarding CAD risk?

<p>High VLDL levels (&gt;7-32 mg/dl) are considered a risk factor for CAD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do elevated levels of Natriuretic Peptides like BNP and NT-proBNP indicate?

<p>Heart failure, a potential complication of CAD (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Cardiac Troponins (Troponin T and Troponin I) crucial in diagnosing acute coronary syndromes?

<p>As the most sensitive markers of myocardial injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be emphasized when educating patients with HTN or CAD about their condition and management?

<p>The importance of tailored information and knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can nurses reduce the psychosocial impact of living with HTN or CAD?

<p>By implementing nursing interventions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be encouraged in patients to enhance their sense of control and adherence to treatment plans?

<p>Active patient participation in care decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle modification is recommended to lower the risk for HTN or CAD?

<p>Following the DASH diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can financial concerns associated with treatment be addressed for patients with HTN or CAD?

<p>Providing information on managing financial aspects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is recommended for stress reduction in patients with HTN or CAD?

<p>Teaching stress management techniques like deep breathing exercises (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week?

<p>150 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can patients manage stress according to the text?

<p>Identify stressors and develop coping strategies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of maintaining a healthy body weight for heart health?

<p>It can reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular risk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for patients to monitor blood pressure regularly?

<p>To detect changes early (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can help patients achieve good sleep hygiene?

<p>Maintaining regular sleep schedules and a comfortable environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is medication adherence stressed for patients with HTN or CAD?

<p>To maintain health and prevent complications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be prioritized in patients with chest pain to ensure safety and immediate assessment?

<p>Assessing ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which marker can indicate a worse prognosis and influence treatment aggressiveness?

<p>Cardiac troponins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for patients with hypertension to monitor their blood pressure at home?

<p>To help adjust medication as needed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle modifications are recommended for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)?

<p>Quitting smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should patients be aware of when it comes to interactions with their medications?

<p>Herbal products do not pose a risk of interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for patients with hypertension to adhere to their medication regimen?

<p>To manage symptoms effectively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a pharmacologic stress echocardiogram for patients who can't walk or run?

<p>To produce stress on the heart. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern when a dilating agent is used for the patient?

<p>Interference with diabetes mellitus serum glucose control. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is potassium-sparing and requires the patient to decrease potassium intake?

<p>Spironolactone (Aldactone) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential side effect associated with ACE inhibitors such as Lisinopril (Prinivil)?

<p>Nagging dry cough. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for patients taking HTN drugs to adhere to their medication regimen?

<p>Abrupt stopping can cause HTN crisis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Nitroglycerin sublingual do in the treatment of angina pectoris associated with CAD?

<p>Dilates vessels and reduces heart workload. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used in congruence with clopidogrel during cardiac Cath procedures for CAD treatment?

<p>Aspirin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of arteriosclerosis?

<p>Risk factor for cardiovascular disease. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken when Nitroglycerin sublingual leads to pooling in extremities?

<p>Check for signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or venous thromboembolism (VTE). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common side effect might be experienced by patients taking beta blockers such as Metoprolol (Lopressor)?

<p>Irregular pulse and confusion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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