40 Questions
What can chronic elevation of blood pressure lead to in patients with hypertension?
Damage to blood vessels and organs
Which system imbalance is implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension according to the text?
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
What is a characteristic feature of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) according to the text?
Accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries
How can understanding the inflammatory process and lipid accumulation help in managing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)?
Guide the use of antiplatelet agents and statins
Which of the following is a targeted pharmacological intervention mentioned for hypertension in the text?
ACE inhibitors
How does pathophysiological knowledge assist in identifying risk factors for hypertension and CAD?
By recognizing modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors
Which of the following lifestyle modifications is NOT recommended for managing risk factors of cardiovascular disease?
Increasing sodium intake
How does statin medication help in cardiovascular disease management?
By slowing atherosclerosis progression
What fasting glucose level indicates diabetes as a significant risk factor for CAD?
Fasting glucose levels >126 mg/dL
Which of the following statements about Lipoprotein (VLDL) is true regarding CAD risk?
High VLDL levels (>7-32 mg/dl) are considered a risk factor for CAD
What do elevated levels of Natriuretic Peptides like BNP and NT-proBNP indicate?
Heart failure, a potential complication of CAD
Why are Cardiac Troponins (Troponin T and Troponin I) crucial in diagnosing acute coronary syndromes?
As the most sensitive markers of myocardial injury
What should be emphasized when educating patients with HTN or CAD about their condition and management?
The importance of tailored information and knowledge
How can nurses reduce the psychosocial impact of living with HTN or CAD?
By implementing nursing interventions
What should be encouraged in patients to enhance their sense of control and adherence to treatment plans?
Active patient participation in care decisions
Which lifestyle modification is recommended to lower the risk for HTN or CAD?
Following the DASH diet
How can financial concerns associated with treatment be addressed for patients with HTN or CAD?
Providing information on managing financial aspects
Which technique is recommended for stress reduction in patients with HTN or CAD?
Teaching stress management techniques like deep breathing exercises
What is the recommended duration of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week?
150 minutes
How can patients manage stress according to the text?
Identify stressors and develop coping strategies
What is the significance of maintaining a healthy body weight for heart health?
It can reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular risk
Why is it important for patients to monitor blood pressure regularly?
To detect changes early
What can help patients achieve good sleep hygiene?
Maintaining regular sleep schedules and a comfortable environment
Why is medication adherence stressed for patients with HTN or CAD?
To maintain health and prevent complications
What should be prioritized in patients with chest pain to ensure safety and immediate assessment?
Assessing ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
Which marker can indicate a worse prognosis and influence treatment aggressiveness?
Cardiac troponins
Why is it important for patients with hypertension to monitor their blood pressure at home?
To help adjust medication as needed
What lifestyle modifications are recommended for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)?
Quitting smoking
What should patients be aware of when it comes to interactions with their medications?
Herbal products do not pose a risk of interactions
Why is it crucial for patients with hypertension to adhere to their medication regimen?
To manage symptoms effectively
What is the purpose of a pharmacologic stress echocardiogram for patients who can't walk or run?
To produce stress on the heart.
What is the main concern when a dilating agent is used for the patient?
Interference with diabetes mellitus serum glucose control.
Which medication is potassium-sparing and requires the patient to decrease potassium intake?
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
What is the potential side effect associated with ACE inhibitors such as Lisinopril (Prinivil)?
Nagging dry cough.
Why is it important for patients taking HTN drugs to adhere to their medication regimen?
Abrupt stopping can cause HTN crisis.
What does Nitroglycerin sublingual do in the treatment of angina pectoris associated with CAD?
Dilates vessels and reduces heart workload.
Which drug is used in congruence with clopidogrel during cardiac Cath procedures for CAD treatment?
Aspirin
What is a characteristic of arteriosclerosis?
Risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
What action should be taken when Nitroglycerin sublingual leads to pooling in extremities?
Check for signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or venous thromboembolism (VTE).
What common side effect might be experienced by patients taking beta blockers such as Metoprolol (Lopressor)?
Irregular pulse and confusion.
Learn about managing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Hypertension (HTN) through lifestyle changes, medication synergy, nursing interventions, and seeking immediate help for symptoms. Understand the importance of a comprehensive approach including dietary adjustments, physical activity, weight management, and smoking cessation.
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